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Hepatocellular carcinoma-related protein 1 (HCRP1), also known as the homologue of vacuolar protein sorting 37A (hVps37A), serves as a membrane trafficking complex to mediate internalization and degradation of ubiquitinated membrane receptors. Recently, more and more researchers have showed that HCRP1 plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. However, the biological roles of HCRP1 in glioma remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we detected the expression pattern of HCRP1 in glioma. The results showed that HCRP1 was significantly down-regulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. On the basis of further analysis, we demonstrated that up-regulation of HCRP1 efficiently inhibited glioma cell proliferation and invasion in vitro , and as well as suppressed glioma cell growth in vivo . In addition, we found that HCRP1 up-regulation decreased the levels of p-ERK and p-AKT in glioma cells. We also emphasized that the ERK and AKT signaling pathways were the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of HCRP1 on glioma cells. Taken together, we provided evidence in support of the prognostic value of HCRP1 in glioma and suggested it as a promising target for glioma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intensive application of biochar requires better understanding of their environmental behaviors such as stability, fate, and mobility. The release of bulk biochar into biochar nanoparticles (NPs) may bring risks because of their potential flowing into downstream water bodies with nutrients/containments attached. Low-temperature pyrolyzed biochars, namely fruit tree branch biochar of 350/450/550 °C (FB350, FB450 and FB550), corn straw biochar of 350 °C (CB350) and peanut straw biochar of 350 °C (PB350), were produced, and their NPs were extracted. The yield, elemental composition, mineral composition, surface functional groups and zeta potential of biochar NPs were characterized. Subsequently their suspension stability was evaluated in NaCl and CaCl 2 solutions by dynamic light scattering technique. The Hamaker constants and particle interaction energy of the biochar NPs were calculated by adopting Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory. For biochar NPs of same feedstock, the stability of FB350/450/550-NPs could be predicted well by their zeta potential values. The types of their surface functional groups were the same while their adsorption intensity differed. The scenarios for biochar NPs of different feedstock sources were different, that is, inconsistent variation was observed between their zeta potential and suspension stability, which were rooted in the variable type and quantity of surface functional groups. In conclusion, feedstock was the most significant factor that influenced the suspension stability of biochar NPs, followed by the pyrolysis temperature and solution chemistry, which were highly dependent on surface potential. The findings provide references for the environmental risk evaluation of biochar NPs and reasonable application of biochar in field. Image 1 • Surface properties of biochar NPs were analyzed by FTIR and zeta potential analyzer. • Suspension stability of biochar NPs were indicated by CCCs through DLS technique. • Biochar NP suspension stability of same feedstock can be predicted by zeta potential. • CCCs of biochar NPs from different feedstock sources are explained by DLVO theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth version (DSM-5) was published, the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) was modified to adapt the new version (K-SADS-PL DSM-5). We translated it to Chinese (K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5) and described its reliability and validity.Methods: A total of 154 groups of 6 to 18-year-old children and their guardians were included. Trained interviewers interviewed subjects using the K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5. Interrater reliability was assessed by audio recording. Parent-reported scales, like child behavior checklist (CBCL), the Chinese version of Swan-son Nolan and Pelham, version IV scale-parent form (SNAP-IV), social responsiveness scale (SRS-1), and children-reported scales like depression self-rating scale for children (DSRSC) and the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED) were used to examine the validity of depressive disorder, ADHD, ASD, and ODD.Results: The K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5 had fair to excellent interrater (0.537-1.000) and test-retest (0.468-0.885) reliability of affective disorder and neurodevelopment disorder. The convergent validity of affective disorder and neurodevelopment disorder was good, and their divergent validity was acceptable.Limitations: i) Clinical questionnaires were insensitive in classifying disorders and had limitations in derived diagnoses. ii) Samples only came from clinical environment, iii) covered limited disease species, and iv) were small.Conclusion: The K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5 can support reliable and valid diagnoses for children with affect, neurodevelopmental, and behavioral disorders in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrialization has caused a significant global issue with cadmium (Cd) pollution. In this study, Biochar (Bc), generated through initial pyrolysis of rice straw, underwent thorough mixing with magnetized bentonite clay, followed by activation with KOH and subsequent pyrolysis. Consequently, a magnetized bentonite modified rice straw biochar (Fe 3 O 4 @B-Bc) was successfully synthesized for effective treatment and remediation of this problem. Fe 3 O 4 @B-Bc not only overcomes the challenges associated with the difficult separation of individual bentonite or biochar from water, but also exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(II) up to 241.52 mg g−1. The characterization of Fe 3 O 4 @B-Bc revealed that its surface was rich in C, O and Fe functional groups, which enable efficient adsorption. The quantitative calculation of the contribution to the adsorption mechanism indicates that cation exchange and physical adsorption accounted for 65.87% of the total adsorption capacity. In conclusion, Fe 3 O 4 @B-Bc can be considered a low-cost and recyclable green adsorbent, with broad potential for treating cadmium-polluted water. [Display omitted] • Magnetized bentonite/biochar composites were prepared for Cd(II) removal. • The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe 3 O 4 @B-Bc is 241.52 mg g−1. • Cation exchange and physical adsorption contributed 65.87% of the total capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maternal immune activation (MIA) during pregnancy is considered a risk factor for neurodevelopment in the offspring, resulting in behavioral abnormalities. Furthermore, adolescence is a vulnerable period for developing different psycho-cognitive deficits. Here, we aimed to observe the cognitive consequences of prenatal MIA exposure in adolescents and explored the underlying mechanisms. We divided dams into CON and MIA groups after inducing a mouse model of MIA using lipopolysaccharide (120 μg/kg) on gestational day 15. Open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM), and novel object recognition (NOR) tests were performed on postnatal day (PD) 35–37. The expression of hippocampal Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)+ perineuronal net (PNN), parvalbumin (PV), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1(Iba-1) were evaluated using immunofluorescence, and the expression of matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) in the hippocampus was assessed using the western blot. Following the infusion of chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) into CA1 in the offspring from the CON group on PD 30, they were divided into ChABC and Sham groups. OF, EPM, and NOR were performed on PD 35–37. Compared to the CON group, decreased exploration time of the novel object and preference ratio were observed in the MIA group. Meanwhile, the MIA group presented significantly decreased WFA+ PNN in CA1, increased Iba-1+ microglia, and MMP-9 in the hippocampus. Additionally, the density of PV+ neurons and GFAP+ astrocytes was comparable between both groups. After digesting the PNN, the exploration time of novel object and preference ratio decreased in the ChABC group compared to the Sham group. Conclusively, the PNN deficit in CA1 caused by prenatal MIA might, at least partially, induce cognitive impairment in adolescents. Microglia and MMP-9 may also be potential candidates for PNN deficit after MIA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To expose the spectrum and frequency of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4 and MT-RNR1 in northwest China and to investigate the underlying causative genes in patients without common mutations. We analyzed the mutation screening results of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4 and MT-RNR1 in 398 unrelated severe-to-profound probands with bilateral, symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss. Subsequently, we selected 10 probands with a significant family history of inherited hearing loss (HL) that did not have the above four common gene mutations to perform next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 139 known deafness genes, followed by co-segregation analysis of all available family members. Among the 398 patients, 69 (17.34%) had the biallelic GJB2 gene mutations, and the most common mutations were c.235delC, c.109G>A and c.299_300delAT, with allele frequencies of 12.31%, 3.38% and 3.89%, respectively. A total of 63 (15.83%) cases with biallelic SLC26A4 mutations were detected, and the most common pathogenic alleles were c.919-2A>G, c.2168A>G and c.1174A>T, with allele frequencies of 9.17%, 2.26% and 0.88%, respectively. Mitochondrial gene mutations were detected in 9 (2.26%) patients, with 5 cases of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) m.1555A>G mutation and 4 cases of mtDNA m.1095T>C mutation. In 10 probands with a clear family history of HL, NGS showed two novel pathogenic variants in 2 families, including c.4129C>T/c.3268C>T in LOXHD1 , c.334G>A/c.2968G>T in CDH23. Sanger sequencing confirmed that these variants segregated with the HL in each family. Our results showed that GJB2 and SLC26A4 were the two major HL-causing genes in northwest China. The most common mutation alleles in GJB2 were c.235delC, c.109G>A and c.299_300delAT, and those in SLC2 6A4 were c.919-2A>G, c.2168A>G and c.1174A>T. In addition, both genes and their loci can be used as the first selection of deafness gene screening. Additionally, for patients who did not have mutations of these common genes, NGS provided an efficient diagnosis for increasing known deafness genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]