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[Display omitted] • HAS improved the energy supply and metabolic disorder in rats with high fat diet. • HAS alleviated liver damage caused by high-fat diet through intestinal metabolism. • HAS regulated AMPK activity and inhibited the expressions of HIF-1 and PKM2. • HAS activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and improved liver oxidative stress. To explore effects of hydroxy-α-sanshool (HAS) on metabolism disorder and oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet. The 50 SD male rats were divided into normal group (NC), high-fat group (MC) and HAS groups. Some key indexes, metabolites and signaling molecules were determined. The results showed that compared with MC, HAS significantly reduced body weight, contents of TC, TG, LDL-C, HIF-1, ATP, LDH, CPT and CS in liver; increased activity of SOD and CAT in liver and serum. The identified 7 differential metabolites by UPLC/HRMS were enriched to 18 metabolic pathways including ascorbate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, HIF-1 and glucagon pathway. Furtherly, Western blot showed that increased protein abundance of p-AMPK, p-ACC, Nrf2 and HO-1; reduced that of HIF-1α, p-PKM2 (Tyr105) and CPT1A in HAS groups. It was indicated that HAS activates AMPK-HIF1-PKM2 pathway and Nrf2/HO1 pathway to reduce oxidative damage and improve lipid and energy metabolism disorder caused by high-fat diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining sufficient raw material and controlling straw transportation costs are two critical factors in planning new straw utilization factories. So we develop a straw collection and transportation model using transfer stations and propose a method to calculate the corresponding transportation costs based on China's specific agricultural and rural transportation conditions in this paper. We also present a case study showing how to build a straw collection and transportation system for a planned straw-coal power plant. In this model, villages are the smallest collection units. Therefore, we consider both the uneven distribution of straw and the fact that, in China, straw is gathered within each village. The straw collection area is divided into a grid, in which each grid cell may be selected to build a transfer station within it. Building the appropriate number of transfer stations and optimizing their locations will help to reduce transportation costs. The difference between utilizing highways and rural roads for transportation is also considered. Transportation cost calculations and location optimization for each transfer station are carried out in ArcMap. This model can be used to help any facility requiring straw to obtain it steadily at a low transportation cost. This study also has important relevance to the location distribution of straw consumption factories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]