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Recovering indium is vital for alleviating the indium resources shortage and eliminating environmental pollution while treating the hazardous liquid crystal display. However, effective recovery of indium has been affected by the multi-factors, which have a coupling effect. Therefore, an environmentally sound process focused on resource recovery was proposed to remove or separate toxic substances and efficiently recover the indium by acid leaching. The leaching kinetics and mechanism of indium were investigated, and the leaching process with the coupling effect of multi-factors was optimized by utilizing the Box-Behnken design (BBD) model. The experiment results suggested that the leaching kinetics were dominant by the chemical reaction control in the initial reaction stage, and the internal diffusion control was dominant in the later stage. The indium leaching process was conformed to the shrinking core model and a macroscopic kinetic equation was established. The BBD model expounded that the ITO glass particle size and leaching temperature had the most significant effect than other variables during the leaching process. However, the leaching efficiency decreases at a particle size less than 35 µm. The optimum leaching processing conditions were as follows: leaching time of 109 min, leaching temperature of 87 °C, the mean particle size of 35 µm, and sulfuric acid concentration of 5.3 mol L−1, obtaining an indium leaching efficiency of close to 99%. Furthermore, it was verified that the experimental result under the optimal condition was conformed to the predicted result of the BBD model. [Display omitted] • An environmentally sound process that focuses on resource recovery was proposed. • This process maximally recovered indium resources while treating the hazardous LCD. • The leaching process was expressed by the shrinking core model with kinetic equation. • The indium leaching efficiency was optimized by using the Box-Behnken design model. • A polynomial quadratic equation was obtained that well predicted the leaching process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The first organic–inorganic hybrid tin (II) chlorosulfate [C6N2H14][SnCl2SO4] (I) has been synthesized hydrothermally in the presence of organic amine 1,4-diazobicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO) and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, ICP and elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis and its structure solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of I consists of [SnCl2SO4]2− anions and diprotonated DABCO cations resulting in the formation of a 2D supramolecular network based on hydrogen bonds which contact between diprotonated DABCO cations and [SnCl2SO4]2− anions. Crystal data for compound I, orthorhombic space group C2221, a =9.354(6)Å, b =9.6880(7)Å, c =13.2888(9)Å, V =1204.32(14)Å3, Z =4, M =399.84(1), D calc =2.205gcm−3, Mo Kα, R 1 =0.0254, wR 2 =0.0616, GOF=1.092. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Two new nickel(II) phosphonates (H4PMIDA= N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid, H4L), one-dimensional zigzag chain (NH4)2[Ni(PMIDA)(H2O)] (1) and tetramer (H3O)8[Ni4O2(HPMIDA)4(H2O)2] (2), have been solvothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, TGA and X-ray single-crystal diffraction, and their magnetic and fluorescent properties are also reported. Compound 1 is the first chain phosphonate linked by carboxyl group in anti–anti mode based on Ni(II) and H4PMIDA ligand, and compound 2 with tetranuclear units is the first example of showing the spin-canting antiferromagnetic coupling between Ni(II) centers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Based on an aim of introducing the SCN − or SO 4 2 − group into the organically templated chlorocadmates, a series of room-temperature reactions at pH 2 were performed, creating four new Cd(II) hybrids as [L1] 4 [Cd 4 Cl 6 (SCN) 10 (H 2 O) 2 ] (L1 = 1,1′-dibenzyl-4,4′-bipyridium) 1 , [H 4 L2][CdCl 4 (SCN) 2 ] (L2 = 1,4-bis(4-pyridylmethyl)piperazine) 2 , [HL3] 3 [CdCl 3 ]SO 4 (L3 = 2-amino-6-chloropyridine) 3 , and [HL4] 3 [CdCl 3 ]SO 4 (L4 = 2-amino-6-bromopyridine) 4 . X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis reveals that (i) templated by L1 2+ , 1 shows a 1-D single-chain structure, which is based on the dinuclear [Cd 2 Cl 3 (SCN) 4 (H 2 O)] 3 − clusters by the μ-1,3-mode SCN − groups; (ii) templated by H 4 L2 4+ , 2 only exhibits a mononuclear structure. However, via the intermolecular weak N pyridine H⋯Cl, N piperazine H⋯Cl and S SCN ⋯S SCN interactions, 2 self-assembles into a 3-D supramolecular network with a (4,6)-connected topology; (iii) 3 and 4 possess the similar structures. Via the N pyridine/amino H⋯O and π⋯π interactions, the introduced SO 4 2 − groups and the organic base molecules aggregate together into a 3-D supramolecular network with the 1-D channels. Within the channel, the Cl − ions triplely bridge the Cd 2+ centers into a 1-D linear [CdCl 3 ] − chain. Based on the structural information and the previous related reports, the role of the introduced SCN − or SO 4 2− group in the hybrid is revealed. SCN − acts as two roles: (i) a linker; (ii) a cutter. Sometimes SO 4 2− serves as a linker, while sometimes SO 4 2− connects with organic base into a supramolecular aggregation, acting as a new templating agent. The photoluminescence analysis reveals that 2 , 3 and 4 emit light with the maxima at 535 nm for 2 ( λ ex = 465 nm), 462 nm for 3 ( λ ex = 428 nm), and 465 nm for 4 ( λ ex = 430 nm), respectively. In particular, the emissions for all are strong, and can be seen under the ultraviolet (UV) lamp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Four new organic–inorganic hybrid compounds based on bicapped Keggin polyoxometalate {PMo12Sb2O40}: [H24,4′-bpy][PMo12Sb2O40]·6H2O (1), [Him]2[PMo12Sb2O40]·H2O (2), [H3(DABCO)2][PMo12Sb2O40]·2H2O (3) and [Mn(phen)3][PMo12Sb2O40] (4) (bpy=bipyridine, im=imidazole, DABCO=1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane, phen=phenanthroline) have been prepared hydrothermally and characterized by IR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), powder XRD analyses, elemental analyses, fluorescence analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The four compounds are new examples of hybrid compounds based on bicapped Keggin polyoxometalate {PMo12Sb2O40}. Compound 1, 2 and 3 are constructed from {PMo12Sb2O40} anions and different organic moieties, respectively. Compound 4 is formed by combining {PMo12Sb2O40} anions and manganese coordination complexes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The first example of cadmium complex containing methyl orange [MO, (CH3)2NC6H4N=NC6H4SO3Na], formulated as [Cd(en)2(H2O)2](MO)2 1 (en=ethylenediamine) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, XRD, elemental analysis and Raman spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 display a two-dimensional supramolecular layer structure with ladder-like supramolecular chain by X-ray crystallographic analysis. MO anion immobilized by H-bonds, as acid–base indicator, shows a similar behavior in comparison with its solution counterpart in terms of response to pH. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A novel 2-D hemidirected metal-organic framework [Pb(HIDC)] n (1, H3IDC=imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid) has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, TGA, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Compound 1 is the first MOF based on Pb(II) and imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid ligand. The 2-D (3,3)-net architecture with a rare (4·82) topology is built from alternately arranged left- and right-handed helical chains bridged by HIDC2− ligand. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A novel 3-D magnesium metal–organic framework [Mg1.5(μ5-btec) (H2O)2]·[H2N(CH3) 2]·H2O (btec=1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid) has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure determination, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, IR, and photoluminescent studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The hydrothermal reaction of manganese chloride and lanthanum nitrate with 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (3,5-(NO2)2sal) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) yielded two compounds [Mn(phen){3,5-(NO2)2sal2−}] n (1) and La2(phen)3{3,5-(NO2)2sal2−}2 (NO3)(OH) (2). Magnetic susceptibility measurements show weak antiferromagnetic interactions in (1). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A new cobalt(II) complex, [CoII(phen){3,5-(NO2)2sal2−}] n (1) (3,5-(NO2)2sal2− =3,5-dinitrosalicylate anion, phen=1,10-phenanthroline), the first cobalt(II) complex with 1,10-phenanthroline and 3,5-dinitrosalicylate acid ligands, has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by single crystal X-ray analysis, IR, XPS spectra, TG-DTA analysis and elemental analysis. This compound displays a linear one-dimensional (1D) chain though cobalt atoms and bridging carboxylate groups of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid ligands with Co⋯Co distance of 4.085Å. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show weak antiferromagnetic interactions in the complexes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

By hydrothermal method, a novel supramolecular compound, Co(NIA)2(H2O)4 was synthesized and its structure was characterized with elemental analysis, FT-IR spectrum, TGA and X-ray diffractometer, indicating that it is a novel polyporous supramolecule with molecular ladder hydrogen-bonded chains. TGA curve shows its thermal stability up to 520 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The title compound [CuBr(IN)]n 1 was hydrothermally synthesized from a simple reaction of CuBr2–IN–KBr–NaOH–H2O. X-ray analysis revealed that it is a new example containing extended one-dimensional staircase chain in copper(I) halide family. Its structure can be better described as a three-dimensional supramolecular network assembled via a combination of coordinate–covalent bonds and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, compound 1 was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum and TGA analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A new complex, [Pb2(H2O)2(HBTC)2]·3H2O (H3BTC=1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid) (1), has been synthesized under hydrothermal condition. The single-crystal analysis shows that 1 consists of 1-D double-chains with Pb(II) six-coordinated by three H3BTC and one H2O molecule with the Pb–O bond distances in the range of 2.56–2.76Å. When the Pb–O bonding limit extends from 2.76 to 2.90Å, the potential weak bonds of Pb–O can be found and the coordination number of Pb will increase from six to nine. As a result, the coordination geometry of Pb(II) transforms from hemidirected to holodirected and an infinite 3-D framework is obtained by the connection of the double-chains. The IR spectrum and the TGA–DTA curve of 1 are also reported in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]