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To investigate the efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in caesarean section and vital signs and the hemodynamics of the lying-in women. A total of 480 lying-in women who were admitted to this hospital for treatment between December 2017 and June 2018 were enrolled into this study as the subjects, which were divided into the experiment group and the control group, with 240 subjects in each group. In the experiment group, subjects received the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL ropivacaine (0.75%), while those in the control group also took the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL bupivacaine (0.75%). Thereafter, we observed the differences in the anesthetic efficiency, vital signs and hemodynamics of the lying-in women between two groups. The excellent and good rates of the anesthesia in two groups were 92.1% and 87.9%, showing no obvious difference; in the experiment group, the average arterial pressures and systolic pressures at 5 min and 10 min after combined spinal and epidural analgesia (CSEA) were all elevated when comparing to the control group (all P < 0.05); in the experiment group, the onset time was obviously extended, while duration of sensory and motor block and the duration of motor block were all shorter than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). During anesthesia, the incidence rate of the adverse reactions in the control group was 2.50%, significantly higher than 0.83% in the experiment group (P < 0.05). Despite that ropivacaine and bupivacaine are efficient in anesthesia in the CSEA in the caesarean section, ropivacaine is more recommended for little influence on the hemodynamics, shorter duration of sensory block and motor block and low incidence rate of adverse reactions, which are conducive to the recovery and also safe to the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Plasmodium yoelii can repair CRISPR/Cas9-generated DNA breaks by microhomology-mediated end joining. • Size mutants of the central repeat in circumsporozoite surface protein (CSP) were successfully generated. • A minimum size of the CSP central repeat region is required for mosquito stage development. CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful genome editing method that has greatly facilitated functional studies in many eukaryotic organisms including malaria parasites. Due to the lack of genes encoding enzymes necessary for the non-homologous end joining DNA repair pathway, genetic manipulation of malaria parasite genomes is generally accomplished through homologous recombination requiring the presence of DNA templates. Recently, an alternative double-strand break repair pathway, microhomology-mediated end joining, was found in the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Taking advantage of the MMEJ pathway, we developed a MMEJ-based CRISPR/Cas9 (mCRISPR) strategy to efficiently generate multiple mutant parasites simultaneously in genes with repetitive sequences. As a proof of principle, we successfully produced various size mutants in the central repeat region of the Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite surface protein without the use of template DNA. Monitoring mixed parasite populations and individual parasites with different sizes of CSP-CRR showed that the CSP-CRR plays a role in the development of mosquito stages, with severe developmental defects in parasites with large deletions in the repeat region. However, the majority of the csp mutant parasite clones grew similarly to the wild type P. yoelii 17XL parasite in mice. This study develops a useful technique to efficiently generate mutant parasites with deletions or insertions, and shows that the CSP-CRR plays a role in parasite development in mosquito. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A tetraphenyl ethylene-based zinc complex with strong fluorescence properties and good water stability has been elaborately designed and synthesized. The complex is very sensitive to Fe3+ and Al3+ ions in water with detection limits of 0.31 μM and 0.913 μM, respectively. • A tetraphenyl ethylene-based zinc complex was designed and synthesized. • The complex can be used as an excellent fluorescence probe to detect Fe3+ and Al3+. • Compared with other reported complexes, this probe has a lower detection limit. The application of metal complexes as fluorescent sensor materials has attracted great attention. In this work, we designed and synthesized a tetraphenyl ethylene-based zinc complex {[ZnLCl]·H 2 O} n (1), which not only has excellent water stability, but also shows good photoluminescence behavior. These properties endow 1 a good fluorescence detection ability to metal ions. The experimental results also confirm that the fluorescence behavior of 1 can be quenched by Fe3+ or Al3+ rapidly and sensitively. When other metal ions coexist with Fe3+ or Al3+, 1 can still effectively recognize Fe3+ or Al3+. It means that 1 is a potential fluorescent sensor material with super anti-interference ability to detect Fe3+ or Al3+. The reason is that there are weak interactions between Fe3+/Al3+ and oxygen atoms in 1. Since there's the competitive absorption between Fe3+ and 1 , the quenching effect coefficient of Fe3+ is larger than that of Al3+ and the quenching effect is better than that of Al3+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D printing has revolutionized solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) by introducing complicated structure and new functionalities that cannot be realized using traditional preparation process. This work provides guide and insights into the application of direct-writing 3D printing to fabricate the patterned electrolyte|electrode interface for the anode-supported SOFC using 3 mol % yttria-stabilized zirconia-nickel oxide (3YSZ-NiO) as the anode substrate material. The parameters that affected the shaping and performance of SOFC including the rheological properties of 3YSZ-NiO anode paste, the printing parameters, and the heat treatment process of the pre-sintered anode substrate were evaluated. The prepared 3YSZ-NiO paste exhibited a typical shear-thinning characteristic, "yielding" solid-like behavior, and time- and temperature-independent stability performance, which ensured the paste suitable for extrusion while allowing the shape of the printed body to be maintained after extrusion during the direct-writing printing process. The as-prepared anode paste, combined with the obtained values of 0.1 MPa, 100 mm s−1, 100 rpm, and 0.3 mm for printing parameters of the extrusion pressure, the printing speed, the screw speed, and the nozzle diameter, respectively, as well as the devised heat treatment program for the pre-sintered 3YSZ-NiO anode substrate, successfully produced defect-free corrugated anode substrates. The cell made from the as-mentioned anode substrate showed an open circuit voltage of 1.02 V and a maximum power density of 619.44 mW cm−2 at 850 °C, which was comparable to the other identical cells fabricated by traditional and other 3D printing processes. Using the 3D printing process shown here, the preparation time of patterned anode substrate can be reduced and simplified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly effective and operationally practical method for the regioselective deuteration of N -alkyl-substituted anilines employing Ru 3 (CO) 12 (⩽1 mol %) as catalyst and D 2 O as deuterium source was described. A variety of N -alkyl-substituted anilines were efficiently deuterated (up to 98%) at the ortho and/or para position with respect to the nitrogen at neutral conditions. Under the present conditions, deuterated anilines can be easily obtained with simple extraction and evaporation. Substituents with aromatic methoxy groups would not influence the selectivity compared to previous method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] In this study, we prepared the subunit vaccines of liposome containing gp85 protein of ALV-J. [•] Liposomal vaccines were able to stimulate chickens to produce high level of serum antibody and reduce the presence of viremia effectively. [•] Liposome can enhance immune response of gp85 protein more than Freund's adjuvant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Metabolically stable diphenylamine derivatives are developed. • 7d suppresses prostate cancer through AR and BET inhibition. • 7d disrupts AR mutants and reduces c-Myc expression. • 7d inhibits AR-V7-positive prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Androgen receptor (AR) is a crucial driver of prostate cancer (PC). AR-relevant resistance remains a major challenge in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) family are critical AR coregulators. Here, we developed several diphenylamine derivatives and identified compound 7d that disrupted the functions of AR and BET family in prostate cancer and exhibited favorable metabolic stability in vitro and high drug exposure in vivo. We showed 7d not only bound to AR, suppressed transactivation of wild-type AR (wt-AR) and the mutant that mediates Enzalutamide resistance, but also reduced c-Myc protein expression through BET inhibition. In addition, 7d inhibited the proliferation of AR-positive PC cells with favorable selectivity and suppressed AR-V7-expressing VCaP and 22Rv1 xenografts growth in vivo. Collectively, these results indicate the potential of lead compound 7d as an orally available AR and BET inhibitor to treat CRPC and overcome antiandrogen resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Androgen receptor (AR) has been a target of prostate cancer (PC) for nearly six decades. Recently, downregulating or degrading AR and the mutants especially the splice variant 7 (AR-V7) lacking ligand binding domain (LBD) emerged as an advantageous therapeutic approach to overcome drug resistance. Here, the structural modification of darolutamide resulted in the discovery of dual-action AR inhibitors and down-regulators. Unlike other traditional AR antagonists targeting the AR-LBD, compounds 4k and 4b not only inhibit the activities of wt-AR and AR-F876L mutant but also downregulate the protein expression of full-length (AR-full) and AR variant 7 (AR-V7) at mRNA level. In cell proliferation assays, compounds 4k and 4b exhibited better antiproliferative activities than darolutamide and enzalutamide against AR-V7-positive 22Rv1 cells and VCaP cells. In addition, 4k demonstrated better antitumor activity than clinically used enzalutamide in castration-resistant VCaP xenograft model. Collectively, combining the activities of AR inhibition and downregulation, compound 4k is proposed as an advantageous lead compound to disrupt AR signaling and overcome resistance. Image 1 • 36 compounds deriving from darolutamide were synthesized and evaluated. • Structural modification of darolutamide led to the discovery of dual-action AR inhibitors and down-regulators. • Inhibition of wt-AR and AR-F876L mutant. • Decrease the protein expression of full-length AR and AR-V7 from mRNA level. • Better antitumor activity against castration-resistant VCaP xenograft than enzalutamide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]