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Recently, as a passive flow control method, bleeding technique allowing flow of upstream towards suction side by interior passages, has been utilized on non-slender delta wing planforms, where effective geometries can enhance the flow field characteristics. In order to quantify the effect of the flow control, estimation of the momentum induced by the technique is of significant importance in addition to quantified aerodynamic favor. In the current work, passive bleeding momentum coefficient estimation method is developed and presented based on surface pressure measurements by utilizing Bernoulli equation and loss coefficient for a 45° swept non-slender delta wing. For the characterization of the presented technique in-situ hot wire measurements were performed allowing to extract across bleed slot pressure loss coefficient. Results represent that proposed approach can be used to compute the bleeding momentum where further advancements might lead to an important control parameter for potential active bleeding systems in different flow regimes. • Method development for estimation of passive bleeding momentum coefficient. • In situ calibration of surface pressure measurements with hot wire measurements. • Systematic relation between hot-wire and pressure measurements. • Estimation of across loss coefficient using extended Bernoulli equation. • Calibration of pressure measurements helps to develop flow control schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.08.015 Byline: Mahmut Asirdizer, Mehmet Sunay Yavuz Keywords: Home security alarm system; Shotgun; Legal assessment; Unintentional firearm injuries and possible intentional crimes Abstract: Installation of devices involving shotguns is rarely encountered in forensic medicine practice. In this case report, authors aimed to present an unusual and rare case of shotgun injury due to a home security alarm system and its legal assessment. An electrical technician was invited to a summer house to check a home security alarm system installed by another firm which he worked for previously. It was an unconventional home security alarm system attached to a shotgun. The technician was injured with 18 buckshot pellets (no: 4) while checking the system. The host was convicted of a possible intent to cause a life-threatening injury to the technician. We think that this verdict will set a precedent for similar cases. Author Affiliation: Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Forensic Medicine, 45030 Manisa, Turkey Article History: Received 20 May 2009; Revised 7 August 2009; Accepted 25 August 2009

Abstract The effect of thickness-to-chord (t / C) ratio on aerodynamics of a non-slender delta wing with sweep angle of 45 degree is characterized in a low-speed wind tunnel using laser illuminated smoke visualization, surface pressure measurements, particle image velocimetry, and force measurements. The delta wings of t / C ratios varying from 2% to 15% with 45 degree windward beveled leading edges are tested. The results indicate that the effect of t / C ratio on flow structure is quite substantial. Considering the low angles of attack where the wings experience leading edge vortex structure, the strength of the vortex structure increases as the t / C ratio increases. However, low t / C ratio wings have pronounced surface separations at higher angle of attack compared to the wings with high t / C ratios. These results are well supported by the force measurements such that high t / C ratio wings induce higher lift coefficients, C L , at low angles of attack, whereas maximum C L values are higher and appear at higher angle of attack for low t / C ratio wings. This indicates that low t / C ratio wings are more resistive to the stall condition. Considering the lift-to-drag ratio, C L / C D , increase in t / C ratio induces remarkable drop in C L / C D values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the unique physical and psychosocial characteristics of this age group, it is expected that the characteristics of elderly suicides are different from other groups. Knowing the characteristics of elderly suicides guides prevention strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics, methods and reasons for suicide in elderly suicide cases using the data of the Turkish Statistical Institute between 2002 and 2019. Of the completed suicides among older adults, 4,208 (74%) cases were men and 1,481 (26%) were women. Crude suicide rates of all elderly age groups were higher than the general population. Illness was the most common reason for suicide. The second leading cause of suicide was marital conflicts in women, while financial difficulties were observed in men. Hanging was the most common method in both genders. It is remarkable that the use of gunshot considerably increases as years progress and the ratio of men (n:962) to women (n:16) reach 60. Considering these findings together with epidemiologic data predicting that this increase in the elderly population will almost double within less than 30 years, it is apparent that suicide is a major issue among older adults. • 5689 cases of suicide aged 65 years and older were evaluated in this study. • Crude suicide rates in elderly individuals have been increasing over the years in Turkey from 2002 to 2019. • 74% of the suicide cases were male. • The most common suicide method was hanging. • The number of elderly men who committed suicide using firearms was about 60 times higher than that of women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the effect of ground on aerodynamics and longitudinal static stability of a non-slender delta wing with sweep angle of 45 degree and thickness-to-chord ratio (t/c) of 5.9% was characterized at Reynolds number of 9 × 10 4 in a low-speed wind tunnel using force and pressure measurements. The measurements were conducted for angles of attack varying between 0 ≤ α ≤ 30 degrees and non-dimensional heights between 3 % ≤ h / c ≤ 107 % and height stability of the wing based on aerodynamic center in pitch (X a) and aerodynamic center in height (X h) was constructed. The results indicate that the effect of ground has substantial impact on both aerodynamic performance and stability of the delta wing. As the height of the wing decreases, both drag and lift forces increases where these effects were observed to be more pronounced for higher angles of attack. The maximum aerodynamic performance with increasing ground effect intensity was measured around 7 degree. Center of pressure (X p) as well as X a travel in a limited range over the wing chord, whereas X h exhibits back and forth movement on the longitudinal axis resulting in interchanging stability characteristics varying with both height and angle of attack. The pressure measurements showed that the effect of ground has significant and complex impact on both vortex reattachment and vortex strength with varying angles of attack and heights such that it might promote reattachment and increases vortex strength but might cause earlier stall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this study, performance of steel lined tulip shaped charges is investigated numerically and experimentally. Certain statistical methods such as Design of Experiment and Neural Network method are implemented in order to decrease the time required for the investigation of various parameters affecting the output of different shaped charge liners. Numerical simulations of jet formation and penetration of steel targets are performed and they are compared with the experiments including images of shaped charge jets taken by Flash X Ray systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this study, performance of aluminum lined shaped charges are investigated experimentally. Liners having different thicknesses (4%, 6% and 8% Charge Diameter) and geometries (conical and trumpet) with different alloy compositions (5000, 6000 and 7000-series aluminum alloys) are tested against steel and sand targets at large (~15 CD) and moderate (~3 CD) standoff distances in order to obtain penetration performances. In addition, the jet characteristics are determined using Flash X-Ray radiography technique. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Battered child syndrome can refer to children exposed to harmful, non-accidental and preventable physical treatment by those are responsible for their care which prevents the child’s physical, cognitive and spiritual development. A 28 months old boy was submitted to hospital due to abdominal blunt trauma. He had been firstly applied to Isparta Children Hospital by his parents with the complaint of fever. In the first examination, he was conscious, his general condition was poor there was respiratory acidosis, and neck stiffness was present. There were several fresh traumatic lesions on his face and left arm. His complaints were thought due to meningitis and antibiotics were started. He was transported to Suleyman Demirel University Hospital after a day because of vomiting, abdominal pain, tender, distended and silent abdomen, and air–fluid levels in direct abdominal X-rays. An old fracture of the right 9th rib was detected with chest X-ray in university hospital. Additionally, abdominal ultrasound scan showed distended bowel loops filled with fluid. Laparotomy revealed a complete rupture of the junction of the third and fourth parts of the duodenum and several hemorrhagic regions on bowel loops. The patient was discharged after 42 days. This case report described the case through both medical and legal processed in Turkey. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Recently, it has been demonstrated that the bleeding, which utilizes passages inside the wing to allow the fluid flowing from the pressure side to the suction side by using inherent pressure difference, could be used as an effective flow control method for non-slender delta wings. In the present study, this technique is applied to a non-slender delta wing with sweep angle of Λ = 45 deg with particular interests in delaying stall and eradication of three-dimensional surface separation. The experiments are conducted in a low speed wind tunnel using surface pressure measurements, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements on near surface and cross flow planes, and aerodynamic force measurements. The bleeding passage orientation defined as back angle θ and bleeding passage size defined as bleed opening ratio bor are varied and the corresponding wings along with the Base planform are tested for the Reynolds numbers 35000 ≤ Re ≤ 100000 and the angles of attack 0 ≤ α ≤ 36 deg. The results indicate that at sufficiently high angle of attack where the pronounced surface separation appears on the Base planform, which is indicated by focus point along with large-scale swirl in the near surface streamline pattern, the elimination of surface separation is achieved with passive bleeding. This is incorporated with significant increases in the magnitudes of surface normal vorticity and suction pressure coefficient − C p , which indicate recovery of leading-edge vortex. Considering the back angle and bleed opening ratio, the results indicate that increases in both parameters provide better performances in terms of elimination of surface separation. In addition, aerodynamic coefficient measurements show that proper bleeding configuration provides significant improvement in stall angle and lift coefficients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]