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[Display omitted] • [APMIM][Tf 2 N]-C923 was first applied for extracting valuable metals from spent LIBs. • The one-step extraction efficiencies of divalent metal ions were over 97%. • Metal ions were extracted in form of metal ion-[Tf 2 N]--C923 complexes. • Molecular-level extraction mechanisms of valuable metals were revealed. A new type of collaborative extractants consisting of the ionic liquid (IL) 1-aminoprooyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide, ([APMIM][Tf 2 N]) and Cyanex 923 (C923) is first applied for selective extraction of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The one-stage extraction efficiencies of Co2+, Ni2+ and Mn2+ are up to 99.87 %, 97.74 %, 99.98 %, respectively, at the optimal conditions, and the high-purity Li+ was enriched at the raffinate. It is found that the extraction process follows the so-called "cation exchange mechanism", and the molecular-level mechanism is revealed via quantum chemical (QC) calculations. The findings show that C923 plays the role of coordinating with metal ions, the cation of IL exchanges metal ions from the aqueous to organic phases, and the anion [Tf 2 N]- of IL can stabilize the complex species of metal ion-[Tf 2 N]--C923 in organic phase. This work provides new insights for the design of novel IL-based extractants for the recycling of spent LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low levels of the indispensable trace element selenium (Se) can cause oxidative stress and disrupt environmental homeostasis in humans and animals. Selenoprotein S (Selenos), of which Se is a key component, is a member of the selenoprotein family involved in various biological processes. This study aimed to investigate whether low-level SELENOS gene expression can induce oxidative stress and decrease the antioxidative capacity of chondrocytes. Compared with control cells, SELENOS-knockdown ATDC5 cells showed substantially higher dihydroethidium, reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, and lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression. Knockout of the gene in C57BL/6 mice increased the 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine level considerably and decreased SOD expression in cartilages relative to the levels in wild-type mice. The results showed that the increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling mediated by low-level SELENOS expression was involved in oxidative damage. The proliferative zone of the cartilage growth plate of SELENOS-knockout mice was shortened, suggesting cartilage differentiation dysfunction. In conclusion, this study confirmed that low-level Selenos expression plays a role in oxidative stress in cartilages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • IL-assisted Li+ extraction from Mg2+-rich brines was systematically investigated; • [AMIM][Tf 2 N]-TIBP-DCM was selected as a suitable synergistic extractant systems; • Li+ was extracted to organic phase in the form of Li+-4TIBP-[Tf 2 N] complex; • The molecular-level Li+ extraction mechanism was identified by QC calculations. This study first systematically investigated selective Li+ extraction from Mg2+-rich brines with Na+ and K+ using ionic liquid (IL) based synergistic extractant (SE) systems from molecular mechanisms to extraction performances. The ternary combination 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([AMIM][Tf 2 N]), tri- iso -butyl phosphate (TIBP) and dichloromethane (DCM), i.e., [AMIM][Tf 2 N]-TIBP-DCM was selected as a suitable SE from the diverse organic phosphorus ligands, ILs and diluents. The single-stage Li+ extraction efficiency was as high as 96.87%, and selectivities of β Li + /Mg 2+ , β Li + /Na + , and β Li + /K + were up to 1161.94, 76.74, and 1263.46, respectively. It was found that Li+ is extracted from the aqueous phase to organic phase in Li+-4TIBP-[Tf 2 N] complex. The molecular-level mechanism was identified as the multi-type interaction formed between metal ions and [AMIM][Tf 2 N]-TIBP to destroy the hydration of metal ions through quantum chemical (QC) calculations. The work proposes valuable theoretical guidance to develop novel IL-related SE systems for the high-efficiency Li+ extraction from salt lake brines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Selective Li+ extraction from Mg2+-rich brines with IL-based extractants was systematically investigated. • [HOMIM][Tf 2 N] + TOP was screened as an optimal collaborative extractant. • ePC-SAFT was first extended to describe the IL-related Li+/Mg2+ separation system. • The molecular mechanism of Li+/Mg2+ separation was identified. Selective extraction of Li+ from high Mg2+/Li+ ratio brines with ionic liquid (IL) based collaborative extractants was investigated by experiments, thermodynamic analyses, and quantum chemical (QC) calculations. Effects of different IL cationic structures and organophosphorus ligands on extraction performances were studied. The results demonstrated that the system 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide + trioctyl phosphate ([HOEMIM][Tf 2 N] + TOP) was considered as the best extractant, with the very high extraction efficiency of Li+ (83.16 %) and separation selectivity of Li+/Mg2+ (742.11), which is higher than values reported in literature. The thermodynamic model ePC-SAFT was first extended to quantitatively predict the phase equilibria of the so-called "organic–inorganic complex strong electrolyte system" presented in this work. The molecular-level extraction mechanism was explored by QC calculation, indicating that the strong multi-site intermolecular interactions between Li+ and [HOEMIM][Tf 2 N] + TOP break the Li+ hydration. This work provides guidance to rationally design novel IL-based extractants for efficient extraction of Li+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Executives' overseas background positively promotes corporate green innovation. • Executives with overseas backgrounds have a more vital risk-taking willingness to promote corporate green innovation. • Executives with overseas backgrounds can promote corporate green innovation through the funding effect. The article explores the relationship between executives' overseas background and corporate green innovation and the mechanism of their role, using A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2022 as the research object. The analysis shows that executives' overseas background will significantly promote corporate green innovation output; executives with overseas experience are more willing to take risks and are willing to carry out green innovation activities with higher uncertainty and longer payback cycle of ordinary investment and R&D innovation; executives with overseas background can improve corporate financing constraints, which will then positively promote corporate green innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has built the theoretical model of water natural layer by density, and has performed CFD simulation and analysis on account of the equipment of thermal and cool storage in community energy system and discussed the feasibility of using the same water storage tank for thermal and cool storage. The results indicate that the water coil’s distribution is unreasonable in scenario 1 and it will appear low temperature zone in the middle of tank; the thermal storage condition can been come true very well by upside-aqueous-layer in scenario 2 and the results indicate that it is feasible to use the same water storage tank in thermal and cool storage condition by sliding coil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

M-algorithm to maximum likelihood (MML) detector has been considered as an excellent choice for the detection of spatial modulation (SM) signals with lower computational complexity but satisfactory detection performance compared with the optimal maximum likelihood (ML) detector. However, MML algorithm requires a delicate tuning of the “ M ” values in order to achieve the optimal detection performance. Unfortunately, these values can only be retrieved via off-line experiments in general. Meanwhile, the detection order of MML algorithm is restricted to the ascending order of the receive antenna indices which neglects its huge impact on the bit-to-error-rate (BER) performance. In this paper, we propose three enhanced MML-based SM detectors with online “ M ” selection and strategic adjustment on the detection orders of MML algorithm: (1) hMML detector rearranges the detection order of MML algorithm with respect to the status of channel conditions; (2) yMML detector performs SM signal detection with a descending order of the received signal strength; (3) hyMML detector jointly considers the detection order of both hMML and yMML algorithms. Experimental results show that all proposed detectors outperform the MML detector in terms of reception BER performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex disease that is considered as the next major health epidemic with alarmingly increasing global prevalence. To explore the pathogenesis of NAFLD, data from GSE118892 were analyzed. High mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), a member of the high mobility group family, is declined in liver tissues of NAFLD rats. However, its role in NAFLD remains unknown. This study attempted to identify the multiple roles of HMGA2 in NAFLD process. NAFLD was induced in rats using a high-fat diet (HFD). In vivo, HMGA2 knockdown using adenovirus system attenuated liver injury and liver lipid deposition, accompanied by decreased NAFLD score, increased liver function, and decreased CD36 and FAS, indicating the deceleration of NAFLD progression. Moreover, HMGA2 knockdown restrained liver inflammation by decreasing the expression of related inflammatory factors. Importantly, HMGA2 knockdown attenuated liver fibrosis via downregulating the expression of fibrous proteins, and inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway. In vitro, HMGA2 knockdown relieved palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte injury and attenuated TGF-β1-induced liver fibrosis, consistent with in vivo findings. Strikingly, HMGA2 activated the transcription of SNAI2, which was evidenced by the dual luciferase assays. Moreover, HMGA2 knockdown largely downregulated SNAI2 levels. Indeed, SNAI2 overexpression effectively blocked the inhibitory effect of HMGA2 knockdown on NAFLD. Totally, our findings reveal that HMGA2 knockdown alleviates the progression of NAFLD by directly regulating the transcription of SNAI2. HMGA2 inhibition may emerge as a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD. • HMGA2 knockdown alleviates the progression of NAFLD. • HMGA2 directly regulating the transcription of SNAI2. • SNAI2 affects the role of HMGA2 knockdown in NAFLD progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon matrix (CM) derived from biomass is low cost and easily mass produced, showing great potential as sulfur host for lithium sulfur batteries. In this paper we report on a dihydrogen phosphate modified CM (PCM-650) prepared from luffa sponge ( luffa acutangula ) by phosphoric acid treatment. The phosphoric acid not only increases the surface area of the PCM-650, but also introduces dihydrogen phosphate onto PCM-650 (2.28 at% P). Sulfur impregnated (63.6 wt%) PCM-650/S, in comparison with samples with less dihydrogen phosphate LPCM-650/S, shows a significant performance improvement. XPS analysis is conducted for sulfur at different stages, including sulfur (undischarged), polysulfides (discharge to 2.1 V) and short chain sulfides (discharge to 1.7 V). The results consistently show chemical shifts for S 2p in PCM-650, suggesting an enhanced adsorption effect. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations is used to clarify the molecular binding: carbon/sulfur (0.86 eV), carbon/Li 2 S (0.3 eV), CH 3 -O-PO 3 H 2 /sulfur (1.24 eV), and CH 3 -O-PO 3 H 2 /Li 2 S (1.81 eV). It shows that dihydrogen phosphate group can significantly enhance the binding with sulfur and sulfide, consistent with XPS results. Consequently a CM functionalised with dihydrogen phosphate shows great potential as the sulfur host in a Li-S battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium rich oxides have over recent years attracted significant attention as materials able to exhibit high electrical capacity, despite, they exhibit poor rate capability and unstable cycling performance. In this paper, layered lithium rich oxide, Li 1.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 is prepared by solvothermal method and then it is protected by a coating consisting of spinel Li x Mn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 giving rise to a series of spinel/layered heterostructured materials. The results conrfim that the presence of spinel coating offers the 3D pathways for the diffusion of lithium ions and assures long-lasting performances of the resulting cathode materials. In particular the heterostructured materials modified with 2 wt% Li x Mn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 amount exhibits the highest specific capacity (over 264 mAh g −1 at current density of 40 mA g −1 , comparing to 237 mAh g −1 for the pristine layered structured material), excellent initial coulombic efficiency (82%), optimal cycling performance (capacity retention of 94% after 100 cycles at current density of 200 mA g −1 ) and outstanding rate capability with enhanced lithium diffusion coefficient (7.13 × 10 −13 cm −1 s −1 of 2 wt% coating amount is much higher than that of 4.23 × 10 −13 cm −1 s −1 for pristine material electrode). The finding reported in this work provides a novel insight into the design and preparation of high-performance spinel/layered heterostructured materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A composite separator is prepared to improve the safety of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) based on a gravure coating aqueous slurry and post-hot-pressing method. An environmentally friendly aqueous slurry with an Al 2 O 3 ceramic holder and polyvinylidene difluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP ) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) dual-binders is coated on a polyolefin (PE) substrate to form a prototype Al-PHC/PE separator. Then, after assembling the separator in the batteries and hot-pressing at 70 °C and 0.8 MPa for 3 h, the granular PVdF-HFP is transformed into a colloidal structure containing an electrolyte, which can binds the Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles together and increases the battery hardness. Compared with a PE separator (9 μm), the Al-PHC/PE-2 separator (12 μm, with a Al 2 O 3 /PVdF-HFP weight ratio of 7/3) displays a comparative ionic conductivity of 9.3 × 10 −4 S cm −2 and exhibits no obvious thermal deformation at 110 °C for 60 min. All of the batteries assembled with Al-PHC/PE-2 separators passed nail penetration and impact tests. In addition, the capacity retention increases from 83.4% to 87.6% when the battery is assembled with Al-PHC/PE-2 instead of a PE separator and charge-discharged at 0.7C/1.0C for 350 cycles. The enhanced safety and cycle performance indicate the promising prospect of Al-PHC/PE separators in LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An inner coating method is developed to synthesize electrode materials for lithium ion batteries. Different from other conventional coating methods, the inner coating method employs one-dimensional (1D) conductive materials to form a three-dimensional (3D) electronic conductive and mechanical network, which can not only improve electronic and ionic conductivity, increase the reactive area, but it also accommodates volume changes associated with active materials. The concept of our inner coating method is demonstrated via the synthesis of MnO 2 @CNT microspheres, which uses CNT as the inner coating material. The reversible capacity increases significantly from 528.0 mAh g −1 for the MnO 2 (without inner coating) to 1097.3 mAh g −1 for the MnO 2 @CNT (with inner coating). Cycling stability is also greatly improved via inner coating technique. This method can be extended to the synthesis of other high capacity electrode materials, which will promote the development of next-generation lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Si-based alloy as the anode material in Li-ion batteries has advantages of safety and excellent performances, but poor electronic conductivity and excessive volume expansion limit the long cycle life required for practical application. In this work, in order to solve these problems, a core-shell nanocomposite has been developed, which is composed of a Si core and NiSi 2 /Ni shell with a carbon layer coating as the outer surface, which is referred to as a Si@NiSi 2 /Ni/C nanocomposite. Results show a reversible charge capacity of 1194 mA h g −1 and 98% retention after 105 cycles, which are superior to its Si/C and NiSi 2 /Si counterparts. Furthermore, the fabrication method used has advantages of low cost and easy operation, which make it feasible to commercialize the Si@NiSi 2 /Ni/C nanocomposite as the anode in a lithium-ion battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Vanadium-doped TiNb 2 O 7 (TNO) samples have been investigated as novel anode active materials for application in lithium-ion batteries. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), raman spectrum, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), galvanostatic charge-discharge tests, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. The XRD results indicate that V-doping expands the lattice parameters of TiNb 2 O 7 samples and facilitates the enhanced lithium ion diffusion. SEM and TEM results show that lattice expansion caused by V-doping doesn’t significantly change the particle size distribution of TiNb 2 O 7 samples. The electrochemical measurements indicate that the TiNb 1.98 V 0.02 O 7 anode material displays a highly reversible capacity and excellent cycling stability. The initial discharge capacities of TiNb 1.98 V 0.02 O 7 are 298.48 mAh g −1 and 171.99 mAh g −1 at 0.3C and 10C, respectively, indicating that the TiNb 1.98 V 0.02 O 7 material can be utilized as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li 2 MoO 4 modified Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /C anode material has been synthesized by a ball-milling assisted rheological phase reaction method. The structures, morphologies and electrochemical properties of the as-prepared materials have been analyzed by different physical and electrochemical methods. The results show that the amorphous carbon is successfully coated on the surface of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 nanoparticles with partial doping of Mo 6+ into the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 structure. Electrochemical results indicate that Li 2 MoO 4 modified Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /C samples deliver improved rate capability and decreased charge transfer resistance. Among the investigated samples, the one with 5 wt % Li 2 MoO 4 sample exhibits the optimal electrochemical properties and it shows a large capacity of 167.5 mAh g −1 at 1C rate, which is close to its theoretical capacity. Even at 10C, its charge capacity is up to 137.5 mAh g −1 with a high capacity retention of 92.5% after 200 cycles. The excellent electrochemical properties should be attributed to the improvement of electrochemical kinetics by the synergistic employment of reducing particle size, partial Mo 6+ doping and Li 2 MoO 4 /C modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li 2 Zn 0.6 Cu 0.4 Ti 3 O 8 anode material was synthesized by a sol-gel method and the precursor calcinations. The sample is characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron microscopy(TEM), galvanostatic charge-discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results shows the nanoparticles were high crystalline and their size was found to be ca. 50–100 nm. The electrochemical measurements indicate that the anode material made of Li 2 Zn 0.6 Cu 0.4 Ti 3 O 8 displayed a highly reversible capacity and excellent cycling stability. The initial charge capacities of Li 2 Zn 0.6 Cu 0.4 Ti 3 O 8 are 239.5 mAh g −1 , 225.8 mAh g −1 , 217.4 mAh g −1 ,190.5 mAh g −1 and 171.6 mA h g −1 at 50 mA g −1 , 100 mA g −1 , 300 mA g −1 , 500 mA g −1 and 1000 mA g −1 ,respectively. After 50 cycles, the charge capacity of 196.3 mAh g −1 , 190.1 mAh g −1 , 177.3 mAh g −1 , 161.5 mAh g −1 and 154.8 mAh g −1 could be retained. This indicates that the Li 2 Zn 0.6 Cu 0.4 Ti 3 O 8 material is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through facile one step sol-gel method, Li 2 MnSiO 4 -based cathode materials have been successfully synthesized and co-modified with carbon and MoO 2 coating. The phase compositions and morphology of the as-prepared products have been characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The physical characterization indicates the introduced MoO 2 exists on the particle surface of orthorhombic Li 2 MnSiO 4 , forming a hybrid coating layer with amorphous carbon. Meanwhile, the addition of MoO 2 improves the dispersion of particle size distribution. Therefore, the electrochemical performance of the pristine Li 2 MnSiO 4 /C has been significantly improved after coating MoO 2 , especially in the case of 1 wt% MoO 2 component. The optimal as-prepared sample exhibits a reversible capacity of 184.9 mA h/g at 0.1C and maintains 127.5 mA h/g even at a high rate of 1C. The excellent rate performance can be attributed to reduced interfacial resistance and enhanced lithium ion diffusion coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lithium-rich layered oxide; xLi 2 MnO 3 ·(1-x)LiMeO 2 (Me = Co, Ni, Mn, etc.) is one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems due to its high energy density, low cost, and excellent thermal stability. In this work, Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Mn 0.54 O 2 was synthesized and novel coating was applied to enhance the performance. The pristine Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Mn 0.54 O 2 powder was synthesized by an aqueous solution method, followed by calcination at 900 °C in air, and the surface was then modified by coating with samaria doped ceria (SDC). Both the pristine and the surface modified materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical measurements. The SDC coating with 1 wt.% was found to be the most effective in improving the discharge capacity. Specifically, it delivered 261 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C rate with lower initial irreversible capacity loss. This superior electrochemical performance is attributed to the function of SDC as protective layer suppressing the side reaction between the electrode and the electrolyte, and decreasing the electron charge transfer resistance, as evidenced by the collected electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium vanadium tetroxide (Li 3 VO 4 ) anode material has been synthesized by a fast sol–gel method based on spontaneous chemical reactions. The crystal structures, surface morphologies and electrochemical performances of the Li 3 VO 4 samples calcined at different temperatures are investigated. In the potential range of 0.02–3.0 V, the sample sintered at 600 °C shows the highest initial charge capacities of 276.2 mAh g −1 , 258.4 mAh g −1 , 201.4 mAh g −1 , at 0.1 C, 0.2 C and 0.5 C, respectively. After 50 cycles, the charge capacities still retains 310.5 mAh g −1 , 278.1 mAh g −1 and 222.4 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C, 0.2 C and 0.5 C, respectively. It shows fast sol-gel method is promising in synthesize stable Li 3 VO 4 for EV or HEV applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In situ nickel/carbon coated Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has been synthesized successfully via a facile sol-gel method with chitosan serving as chelating agent and carbon source. The as-prepared samples are tested by different physical and electrochemical methods. The results of SEM and TEM indicate that the Ni/C layer was successfully coated on the surface of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 with the thickness of 2–3 nm. Furthermore, the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 @Ni/C composite shows excellent rate capability and cycling stability. A large charge capacity of 237.3 mAh g −1 can be remained after 100 cycles with the current of 0.1 A g −1 between 0.02–3.0 V, which is close to its theoretical capacity (∼262 mAh g −1 ). Even at the current of 4.0 A g −1 , it still delivers a quite high charge capacity of 186.5 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles, with no significant capacity fading. Additionally, the results of EIS reveal that the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 @Ni/C electrode has faster lithium-ion diffusivity and less resistance compared with pure Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 . The remarkable improvement of the electrochemical properties should be attributed to the Ni/C coating layer, which acts as an effective conductor and a protective material against side reactions with electrolyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Olivine-type LiFePO4/C composite with excellent rate capability and cycling stability is synthesized by an optimized ethylene glycol assisted solution-phase method. In an attempt to improve the electrochemical performance, the size of LiFePO4/C particle is reduced by optimizing the reaction time and temperature. The results show that the LiFePO4/C synthesized at 130 °C for 5h consists of well-distributed nano-particles of size about 50nm in diameter and 100nm in length, which is uniformly coated with a carbon layer about 3.0nm in thickness. The material synthesized at 130°C exhibits the least charge-transfer resistance than the LiFePO4/C synthesized at 120 and 140 °C. The specific capacity of optimized LiFePO4/C at discharge rate of 0.1C can reach to 166.5 mAhg−1, nearly to the theoretical capacity. Even at high rate of 5, 10, 20 and 30C, the specific capacities of 132.3, 120.4, 97.3 and 66.6 mAhg−1 are achieved, respectively, with no significant capacity fading after 100 cycles. This is a promising method used in industrialization to synthesize LiFePO4/C composite with excellent performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] LiCoPO4 was successfully synthesized via polymer network gel method. [•] LiCoPO4/Li4Ti5O12 cells were successfully assembled. [•] The reaction mechanism in the full cell LiCoPO4/Li4Ti5O12 is illustrated in detail. [•] The effects of capacity matchup in LiCoPO4/Li4Ti5O12 cell were firstly studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] The electrochemical performance of Li3V2(PO4)3/C is improved via a simple way. [•] LiCoO2 is beneficial to the electrochemical performance of Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite. [•] The Li3V2(PO4)3/LiCoO2/C electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. [•] Modifying the fabrication of LVP electrode improves its electrochemical performance. [•] The modifying method is different from the methods previously reported for LVP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A series of Cu-substituted LiNi0.5−x Cu x Mn1.5O4 (x =0, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.08) spinels have been synthesized using a sol–gel method. The results demonstrate that when x =0.05, the sample (LiNi0.45Cu0.05Mn1.5O4) exhibits the best electrochemical performance, achieving 124.5mAhg−1 and 115.0mAhg−1 at the discharge rates of 5C and 20C with the capacity retention of 97.7% and 95.7% after 150 cycles, respectively. Besides, the excellent cycle stability at 55°C has been demonstrated to retain 96.8% of the maximum attainable discharge capacity (127.3mAhg−1) at the discharge rate of 5C after 100 cycles. These data indicate that the LiNi0.45Cu0.05Mn1.5O4 cathode material has the real potential to be used for high power and high energy lithium ion battery in electric vehicle applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite material has been firstly synthesized via a sol–gel method based on the composite chelating reagents of glycine and beta-cyclodextrin. The product is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and electrochemical method. In the range of 3.0–4.3V, the LVP/C electrode presents excellent cyclic performance at high discharge rates. The largest capacities of 87.1, 89.9 and 74.5mAhg−1 are delivered at 0.9C charge and 35C discharge rates, 0.7C charge and 40C discharge rates, 0.6C charge and 50C discharge rates, respectively. 86.8%, 89.7% and 90.8% of the largest values are retained for the LVP/C electrode at the three discharge rates in the 500th, 300th and 250th cycles, respectively. The unexceptionable high-rate and cyclic performance is attributed to the existence of the composite carbon sources and the small particle size of the Li3V2(PO4)3/C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]