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Advancements in understanding skin aging mechanisms, which encompass both external and internal aging processes, have spurred the development of innovative treatments primarily aimed at improving cosmetic appearance. These findings offer the potential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at achieving long-term, non-therapy-dependent clinical benefits, including the reversal of aging and the mitigation of associated health conditions. Realizing this goal requires further research to establish the safety and efficacy of targeting aging-related skin changes, such as pigmentation, wrinkling, and collagen loss. Systematic investigation is needed to identify the most effective interventions and determine optimal anti-aging treatment strategies. These reviews highlight the features and possible mechanisms of skin aging, as well as the latest progress and future direction of skin aging research, to provide a theoretical basis for new practical anti-skin aging strategies. [Display omitted] • Skin aging is not only affected by genetic, and chronological but also by extrinsic (environmental). • Possible mechanisms and potential targets for aging-related skin changes were reported. • The latest progress and future development direction of skin aging research were conclusions. • The theoretical basis for new practical anti-skin aging strategies was provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is qualitative imaging, and doctors need to rely on experience to diagnose diseases, which cannot meet the current needs of precision medicine. As a new quantitative magnetic resonance imaging technology, magnetic resonance fingerprint imaging can obtain a variety of human tissue parameters at the same time through a data acquisition, which greatly improves the imaging speed and improves the impact of noise on image quality. Several pattern matching algorithms are compared, including direct matching method, Bloch response iterative projection method, covering tree and approximate nearest neighbor search method, and improved methods. Absolute error image, mean absolute error (MAE), normalized root means square error (RMSE) and running time are counted in the experimental results. The results show that the improved method is better than the traditional method, which can greatly improve the quality of MR fingerprint multi-parameter images (T1, T2, B0, PD), and make the running time within an acceptable range. In addition, the improved algorithm is insensitive to random additive noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Spring water sounds reduced negative emotions by 21.60–67.34%. • LF/HF under 40–50 dB sound decreased by 2.30–30.48 % compared to no sound. • One minute is an effective exposure time for monitoring physiological responses. • Spring water sounds activated α and β oscillatory activities. • The 50 dB sound improves brain comfort by 2.01–3.32 times more than other levels. While the beneficial effects of spring water sound on health are recognized, the specific psychophysiological mechanisms at varying sound pressure levels (SPLs) remain unclear. This study explores the effects of different SPLs of spring water sound on psychophysiological responses, utilizing subjective evaluations alongside electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring. Thirty-eight college students were exposed to five SPLs of spring water sounds (40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 dBA). Participants underwent subjective evaluation using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Restoration Outcome Scale (ROS), complemented by physiological measurements through ECG and EEG. Spring water sounds significantly improved psychophysiological health. Psychologically, compared to no sound, POMS scores decreased by 21.60–67.34 %, ROS scores increased by 1.15–1.86 times, and emotional disorders and subjective stress were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Physiologically, the low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio of ECG decreased by 2.30–30.48 % for 40–50 dBA levels, and the overall EEG power for 50–55 dBA levels decreased by 12.72–21.83 %. Significant enhancements in relative power (RP) of α and β (24.21–73.34 % and 23.96–85.26 %, respectively) and a reduction in mental stress (11.23–59.60 %) were observed. The 50 dBA spring water sound notably influenced brain order–disorder balance, showing a 2.01–3.32-fold improvement over other SPLs. A significant physiological inflection point occurred at 1.0 min post-exposure across all measures. Strong correlations were found between ΔPOMS and ΔRP α (r = -0.535, p < 0.01), and between ΔROS and ΔOverall power (r = -0.418, p < 0.001). This study provides a method to comprehensively analyze the positive effects of water sound from both psychological and physiological perspectives and offers a reference for the design of sound environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential for residential greenness to improve cardiovascular health through both physical and psychological mechanisms is well recognized. However, evidence from rapidly urbanizing developing countries and cohort-based causal inference approaches, remains limited. We aim to examine the effect of residential greenness and time to cardiovascular mortality in South China. We utilized data from a community-based population survey involving 748,209 participants at baseline from 2009 to 2015, followed up until 2020. Residential greenness exposure was assessed by the annual Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the 500 m radius of each participant's residence. We used time-varying proportional hazard Cox models coupled with inverse probability weighting to fit marginal structural models and obtain hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality after adjusting for confounders. Multiple effect modifiers on both additive and multiplicative scales were further explored. A total of 15,139 CVD-related deaths were identified during a median of 7.9 years of follow-up. A protective effect was found between higher greenness exposure and reduced CVD mortality, with a 9.3 % lower rate of total CVD mortality (HR 0.907, 95 % CI 0.859–0.957) based on a 0.1 increase in annual average NDVI. Demographic (age, marital status) and lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking status) were found to modify the association between residential greenness and CVD mortality (all P interaction values < 0.05 or 95 %CI for RERI excluded the value 0). Notably, this effect was more pronounced among older adults, married, and individuals having healthier lifestyles, indicating a greater benefit from greenness for these subgroups. Our findings support a causal link between increased residential greenness exposure and a reduced risk of CVD mortality in South China with marked heterogenous effects, which has public health implications for cultivating greener urban environments to mitigate the impact of CVD within the context of rapid urbanization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC-RCC) is rare and difficult to diagnose. Therefore, we aim to investigate the imaging and pathologic features of ESC-RCC. Fifteen cases of ESC-RCC with pathologically confirmed diagnoses were retrospectively collected: CT was performed in 15 cases and MRI in 9 cases. In these patients (6 males and 9 females) (age: mean, 53.3 ± 14.7 years; range, 27-72 years), all tumors were unilateral, renal, and solitary with no clinical symptoms and were classified into—type 1: cystic-solid component, with equal cystic and solid components, was the most common (8/15, 53.3%); type 2: predominantly cystic with a small solid component (4/15, 26.7%); and type 3: predominantly solid (3/15, 20%). The solid component showed equal/slightly higher density on the CT-plain-scan, equal/slightly high signal on the T1-weighted image (T1WI), and low signal on the T2-weighted image (T2WI). Ten cases showed progressive enhancement, while 5 showed a fast-wash-in and fast-wash-out enhancement. One patient experienced hemorrhage, while the others showed no signs of hemorrhage, necrosis, fat, or calcification. Pathologically, the tumor showed cystic solidity, with eosinophilic cytoplasm and granular basophilic-colored spots with focal or diffuse expression of CK20. Ten patients had componential nephrectomy and 5 had radical nephrectomy. No recurrence or metastasis was noted in any case at the follow-up (8-49 months). This study describes the imaging and pathologic features of a rare type of renal cancer and proposes 3 imaging types to enhance physicians' diagnosis of this disease and guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. ESC-RCC is a rare subtype of renal tumor, and this study describes the imaging and pathological features of 15 cases of this tumor and their postoperative follow-up. They were classified into 3 types, each with typical imaging manifestations, and all underwent surgical treatment, and no tumor recurrence or metastasis was seen during the follow-up period, providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis and management of this tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postoperative paralytic ileus prolongs hospitalization duration, increases medical expenses, and is even associated with postoperative mortality; however, effective prevention of postoperative paralytic ileus is not yet available. This trial aimed to assess the preventative effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation applied in the lower limbs on postoperative paralytic ileus incidence after colorectal surgery. After ethics approval and written informed consent, 610 patients from 10 hospitals who were scheduled for colorectal surgery between May 2018 and September 2019 were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated into the transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (stimulated on bilateral Zusanli, Shangjuxu, and Sanyinjiao acupoints in lower limbs for 30 minutes each time, total 4 times) or sham (without currents delivered) group with 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was postoperative paralytic ileus incidence, defined as no flatus for >72 hours after surgery. Compared to the sham treatment, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation lowered the postoperative paralytic ileus incidence by 8.7% (32.3% vs 41.0%, P =.026) and decreased the risk of postoperative paralytic ileus by 32% (OR, 0.68; P =.029). Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation also shortened the recovery time to flatus, defecation, normal diet, and bowel sounds. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation treatment significantly increased median serum acetylcholine by 55% (P =.007) and interleukin-10 by 88% (P <.001), but decreased interleukin-6 by 47% (P <.001) and inducible nitric oxide synthase by 42% (P =.002) at 72 hours postoperatively. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation attenuated the postoperative paralytic ileus incidence and enhanced gastrointestinal functional recovery, which may be associated with increasing parasympathetic nerve tone and its anti-inflammatory actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]