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The suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is an established negative feedback regulation transcription factor associated with leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and growth hormone (GH). However, the regulatory mechanism of SOCS3 on inflammation and apoptosis of adipocyte is still not clear. In this study, we found an increased expression of adipocyte inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 due to leptin treatment. Meanwhile Caspase3, a key executioner of apoptosis, was also elevated in this process. In addition, we observed that SOCS3 could promote inflammation whereas SOCS3 interference reversed this effect in LPS-induced adipocytes inflammatory model. Moreover, the expression of apoptosis-associated genes Bax, cleaved-Caspase9 and cleaved-Caspase3 were elevated along with decreased Bcl-2 expression as detected with Western blot and ELISA assay. The phosphorylation level of JAK2/STAT3 signal was inhibited by SOCS3 along with the elevated expression of IL-6, TNF-α and Caspase3. We also demonstrated that stable knockdown of SOCS3 along with SD1008, a specific inhibitor of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, could significantly inhibit inflammation and apoptosis of adipocyte. Altogether, these results inferred that SOCS3 promotes adipocyte apoptosis by both aggravating inflammation and inhibiting the activity of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Haoyaoerhudong gold deposit in the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC) is a large tonnage lower-grade deposit with a reserve of about 148 tons of gold. Gold mineralization is characterized by pyrite and pyrrhotite films and thin veins on the schistosity plane of the Proterozoic black shales. The orebodies, strictly controlled by a near EW-trending shear zone, are stratabound within carbonaceous phyllite and andalusite-garnet schist of the Bilute Formation. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic data show that the ore-forming fluid was derived from a magmatic source and mixed with meteoric water. Sulfur and carbon isotope data indicate that most of the sulfur and carbon came from the black shale strata. Well-defined biotite Ar-Ar plateau age and inverse isochron age show that the deposit formed at ca. 270Ma, which suggests a probable link between Hercynian magmatism and gold mineralization. Studies on regional geology, ore geology, isotope geochemistry, and ore-forming age substantiate a complex evolutionary history of the deposit. The Proterozoic black shales rich in gold, sulfur, and organic matter, which were deposited in the Proterozoic continental margin rifts, comprised the source bed for gold mineralization. EW-ENE-structures, products of Palaeozoic orogenic process, provided pathways and mineralization space for ore-forming fluids. Hercynian tectono-magmatism and subsequent hydrothermal events remobilized gold and drove the ore-forming fluids to dilatational fracture zones. Related to postcollisional magmatic hydrothermal events, the Haoyaoerhudong gold deposit is considered as a special type of orogenic gold deposit formed in the compression-extension transition stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]