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[Display omitted] • A series of single-phase Dy3+ activated Sr 9 Al 6 O 18 nanophosphors are synthesized via solution combustion route using urea as fuel. • The photoluminescence spectra of phosphors excited at 350 nm show intense emissions at 484 nm and 574 nm, corresponding to the 4F 9/2 →6H 15/2 and 4F 9/2 →6H 13/2 transitions. • Internal quantum efficiency (I QE) of 66.14 %, the optimized phosphor achieves remarkable relative sensitivity (S r) and absolute sensitivity (S a) are estimated to be 2.65 % K−1 and 1.38×10-3 K−1 at 300 K. • Latent fingerprints and latent lip prints can be efficiently produced on a variety of surfaces by using the optimized nanophosphors via simple powder dusting method. • The YoLOv8x approach analyses the overall morphological correlations of different minutiae to identify essential minutiae that indicate the identities of people from FPs. A novel single-phase Dy3+ activated Sr 9 Al 6 O 18 nanophosphors (NPs) was synthesized using a solution combustion method with urea as the fuel. When phosphors are excited at 350 nm, their photoluminescence (PL) spectra exhibit strong emissions at 484 and 574 nm, which are associated with the 4F 9/2 →6H 15/2 and 4F 9/2 →6H 13/2 transitions. These emissions are attributed to magnetic and electric dipole allowed transitions, correspondingly. It is found that dipole–dipole interactions are the main source of concentration quenching and energy transfer among the activator ions. The prepared NPs show thermal stability up to 480 K having an activation energy (E a) of 0.2437 eV, as determined by temperature-dependent photoluminescence (TDPL). With a remarkable internal quantum efficiency (I QE) of 66.14 %, the optimized phosphor achieves notable relative sensitivity (S r) and absolute sensitivity (S a), estimated to be 2.65 % K−1 and 1.38×10−3 K−1 at 300 K, respectively. Thus, Sr 9 Al 6 O 18 :Dy3+ is a promising material for non-contact optical thermometry applications. Latent fingerprints (LFPs) and latent lip prints (LLPs) can be efficiently produced on a variety of surfaces by using the optimized NPs with the simple powder dusting technique. The prints are made visible under UV light with a 365 nm wavelength. The You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8x) approach analyzes the overall morphological correlations of different minutiae to identify essential minutiae that indicate the identities of people from FPs. Splitting and matching multi-scale fingerprints (FPs) features improves the validity of the authenticating findings. The results show that the recommended method, which improves the entire FP authentication process, offers exceptional accuracy, resilience and speed. The findings provide strong support for the implementation of the optimized NPs in photonic devices, optical thermometers, and advanced forensic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the synthesis of V 2 O 5 :Eu3+ phosphors in concentrations ranging from 1 to 9 mol %, using a solution combustion method with Areca Nut (A.N) as a bio-fuel. The samples exhibit an orthorhombic crystal structure, confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and rod-like morphology as shown by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Photoluminescence (PL) studies reveal that the emission intensity of the 5D 0 →7F 2 transition at 619 nm increases with the Eu3+ concentration up to 5 mol %, where it peaks before quenching due to quadruple-quadruple interactions, according to the Van Uitert relation. To improve luminescence, Li+ ions are added, with the V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+ co-doped with 4Li+ (V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+, 4Li+) ions showing the highest PL intensity, about 5.03 times higher than that of Eu3+ alone. This optimized phosphor has Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of (0.6022, 0.3963), closely matching commercial red-emitting phosphors and demonstrating a colour purity (CP) of 88.69 %. Thermal stability assessments indicate that these phosphors have a high activation energy (E a) of about 0.224 eV, signifying robust thermal properties. The optimized V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+, 4Li+ phosphors efficiently reveal level I–III features in latent fingerprints (LFPs) and accurately identify lip prints (LPs) groove patterns of type I–VI under 365 nm UV light, providing high resolution and contrast. These characteristics make the optimized phosphor an excellent candidate for use in photonic devices, advanced forensic and data security applications. [Display omitted] • (1–9 mol %) Eu3+ doped V 2 O 5 and (1–5 mol %) Li+ co-doped V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+ phosphors are prepared using solution combustion method. • V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+, 4Li + phosphors showed 5.03 folds greater emission intensity compare to V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+ NPs. • The optimized phosphors demonstrate the highest photoluminescence colour purity (88.69 %). • Thermal stability studies reveal that V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+,4Li+ phosphors exhibit robust thermal properties, characterized by a high activation energy of approximately 0.224 eV. • V 2 O 5 :5Eu3+, 4Li+ phosphors was explored as a red phosphor for w-LED applications, Latent fingerprint, lip print and anti-counterfeiting applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luminescent lanthanum oxyfluoride nano inorganic materials were considered to be prospective building blocks for multifunctional applications. This offers new potentials in surface-based science comprising of visualization of latent fingerprint (LFPs) and lips print on non-porous surfaces. Traditional visualization techniques possess high backward hindrance, low sensitivity, complicated setup and poor visibility. To overcome with these problems, LaOF:Sm 3+ (5 mol%) nanopowder (NPs) prepared via sonochemical route were explored. Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra exhibit strong emission peaks at ∼566 nm, 607 nm, 653 nm and 708 nm attributed to 4 G 5/2  →  6 H 5/2 , 4 G 5/2  →  4 H 7/2 , 4 G 5/2  →  6 H 9/2 and 4 G 5/2  →  6 H 11/2 intra-4f orbital transitions of Sm 3+ ions respectively. Estimated photometric properties confirm that the material emits warm orange red color. Therefore, the synthesized phosphor materials may quite be useful for LFPs recovery, cheiloscopy and optoelectronics applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lip prints are very useful in forensic investigations. The objective of this study is to determine predominant lip print pattern found among a central Indian population, to evaluate whether any sex difference exists and to study the permanence of the pattern over a 6 month duration. This study included 200 healthy adult subjects comprising of 100 males and 100 females in the age group of 18–25 years. A convenient and easier method of data collection i.e., digital photography was used instead of the traditional lipstick methods. Lip prints were then divided into four quadrants and recognized as per Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification. Type I (30.63%) was found to be most predominant overall in the Marathi population. Type I (29.75%) and Type III (35.75%) were found most prevalent in males and females respectively. Applying the Chi-Square test, statistically significant differences ( p < 0.05) were observed between male and female lip print patterns in each of the quadrants individually and all quadrants taken together. The lip print patterns remained stable over a period of six-months. Being stable and with significant sex differences, lip prints can be effectively used as an important tool in forensic investigations for individualization as well as identification of sex of the donor, thus, narrowing down the scope of investigation to almost half. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advanced forensic applications and optoelectronics both heavily rely on rare earth (RE) element activated luminous phosphor materials. We have used a single-phase green-emitting Sr 9 Al 6 O 18 :Er3+ (1–11 mol%) (SAO:Er) nanophosphor to detect latent fingerprints (LFPs) and white light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs). The X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement were used to examine crystallographic data. The phosphors showed vivid-green luminescence when stimulated by 378 nm, a near ultraviolet (nUV). The concentration of Er3+ ions is observed to affect the photoluminescence emission (PLE) intensity, reaching its highest value for 5 mol% doping. The optimized phosphor is used in latent finger print (LFP), lip print (LP) and anti-counterfeiting (AC) applications. Under 378 nm excitation, multilevel features of the phosphor-attached LFPs could be clearly identified. The high colour contrast between the ridge and valley lines made for an excellent observation. We have developed simple brush and screen-printing methods for creating a variety of patterns using our custom anti-counterfeit security ink. In addition to this, the obtained AC tags exhibit high resolution and long-term durability. These characteristics clearly demonstrated that the current phosphor is an excellent luminescent material for data storage applications. • Green-emitting Sr 9 Al 6 O 18 :Er3+ nanophosphors were obtained by solution combustion. • Vivid-green luminescence was obtained when stimulated by 378 nm near ultraviolet. • The prepared fluorescent ink is highly beneficial for high-end security encryption. • Anti-counterfeiting labels exhibit high resolution and long-term durability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alanine is used as a novel fuel in the solution combustion method (SCS) to produce nanocrystalline Co2+ (0.25–5 mol%) doped gahnite (ZnAl 2 O 4 : ZAO) nano pigments (NPs). A thorough investigation was conducted to comprehend the interaction of dopant (Co2+) and ZAO host matrix, as well as the influence of doping on their structural, optical, and luminescence properties. The powder samples were thoroughly characterized using XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopic techniques. SEM micrographs of clearly exhibit the formation of dense particles, voids, and pores in the sample. In addition, tiny aggregates were detected on the surface of more prominent clusters. The nominal composition of Zn, Al, Co and O was assessed using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDS). The optimized ZAO:5Co2+ phosphor powder demonstrated levels 1–3 fingerprint (FP) features and groove patterns (types 1–5) of lip print that can be clearly recognised, with excellent resolution and contrast, under 320 nm UV light. The appropriate thickening agent and defoamer were added to blue pigment during fabrication to generate anti-counterfeiting (AC) inks that mark on multiple surfaces with high resolution without spreading or tracing. The preceding results suggest that the ZAO:Co2+ NPs can serve as a significant candidate for the detection and individualization of latent fingerprints (LFP), lip prints (LP) and anti-counterfeiting applications. [Display omitted] • Co2+ doped ZnAl 2 O 4 nanoparticles are prepared using Alanine as a fuel. • Nano pigment demonstrated levels 1–3 fingerprint and groove patterns (types 1–5) of lip print. • The prepared fluorescent ink is highly beneficial for high-end security encryption. • Anticounterfeiting labels exhibit high resolution and long-term durability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Identification of sex and ethnicity has always been a challenge in the fields of forensic medicine and criminal investigations. Fingerprinting and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques used in this context. However, since they cannot always be used, it is necessary to apply different and less known techniques such as lip prints.Aim Of the Work: Is to study the pattern of lip print in Egyptian and Malaysian populations and its relation to sex and populations difference. Also, to develop equations for sex and populations detection using lip print pattern by different populations (Egyptian and Malaysian).Subjects and Methods: The sample comprised of 120 adults volunteers divided into two ethnic groups; sixty adult Egyptians (30 males and 30 females) and sixty adult Malaysians (30 males and 30 females). The lip prints were collected on a white paper. Each lip print was divided into four compartments and were classified and scored according to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification. Data were statistically analyzed.Results: The results showed that type III lip print pattern (intersected grooves) was the predominant type in both the Egyptian and Malaysian populations. Type II and III were the most frequent in Egyptian males (28.3% each), while in Egyptian females type III pattern was predominant (46.7%). As regards Malaysian males, type III lip print pattern was the predominant one (41.7%), while type II lip print pattern was predominant (30.8%) in Malaysian females. Statistical analysis of different quadrants showed significant differences between males and females in the Egyptian population in the third and fourth quadrants. On the other hand, significant differences were detected only in the second quadrant between Malaysian males and females. Also, a statistically significant difference was present in the second quadrant between Egyptian and Malaysian males. Using the regression analysis, four regression equations were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Every person has certain features that make them radically distinct from others. One such feature is lip prints. Lip prints remain the same throughout life and are uninfluenced by injuries, diseases, or environmental changes. Different individuals have specific blood groups according to the various antigen–antibody reactions in their bloodstream. Aim To determine the distribution of different patterns of lip prints among subjects having different ABO and Rh blood groups. Objective To determine the correlation between respective characteristics of subjects. Methodology In this study, lip prints were obtained from 122 subjects (62 males and 60 females), and associated blood-group matching was performed to determine the predominant lip print type and to determine any correlation between lip print types and blood groups. Tsuchihashi’s classification of type I (complete vertical grooves), type I′ (incomplete vertical grooves), type II (forking grooves), type III (intersecting grooves), type IV (reticular grooves), and type V (indeterminate grooves) was used to compare with the ABO and Rh blood grouping systems. Result No correlation was found between lip prints and blood groups. Conclusion No significant correlation exists between blood group and lip prints. Lip prints play a vital role in identification because they are unique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Lip-print groove patterns have recently been verified as a unique parameter for identification. This study investigated the stability of lip-print patterns over time to validate their secure use in civil and criminal investigations. One hundred and sixteen female lip prints were analyzed and compared with the prints of the same subjects taken 3 years earlier. The old and new lower lip prints of each subject were examined for similarities in the groove patterns in different areas of the lip (lower right, lower middle and lower left), and a score for similarity was developed for the statistical analysis of the lower lip stability data. No significant difference in the frequency of pattern types was detected between old and new prints (P > 0.05). Statistically, 89.6% of subjects showed characteristic typical groove(s) in the lip area(s) of the old and corresponding new prints: 24.1% in the three areas, 48.3% in two areas and 17.2% in one area. This study proves the lasting stability of lip-print patterns over the years in Saudi females and recommends paying attention to the presence of characteristic typical grooves in these prints. Further studies on larger samples, including male prints, should be performed to validate the lip prints for criminal use. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Aim: To find the incidence of different types of lip patterns, the dominant pattern, quadrant wise, amongst the Goan population. To assess, the quadrant wise differences in lip patterns among males and females and to report new lip print pattern in Goan population. Methodology: Lip prints of 100 students studying in Goa Dental College & Hospital were taken using 14 mm wide and 50 mm long Scotch tape without any distortion. These prints were then scanned (256 gray shades at a resolution of 300 dpi.) for the digital analysis. Using various applications of Adobe Photoshop 7 software an attempt was made to trace each and every line. K. Suzuki and Y. Tsuchihashi’s classification was followed to define the patterns of the grooves. Results: The current study has found the most predominant pattern in Quadrant I to be Type V (580 lines; 52.39%) followed in order by Type I′ (196 lines; 17.70%), Type I (166 lines; 14.99%), Type II (166 lines; 10.47%), Type IV (40 lines; 3.61%), Type III (9 lines; 0.81%). In Quadrant II of this study the most predominant pattern recorded was Type V (589 lines; 50.47%) followed in order by Type I′ (209 lines; 17.90%), Type I (204 lines; 17.48%), Type II (130 lines; 11.13%), Type IV (34 lines; 2.91%), Type III (1 line; 0.08%). In Quadrant III of this study the most predominant pattern recorded was again Type V (484 lines; 52.09%) followed in order by Type I′ (174 lines; 18.72%), Type I (155 lines; 16.68%), Type II (102 lines; 10.97%), Type IV (9 lines; 0.96%), Type III (5 lines; 0.53%). In Quadrant IV of this study the most predominant pattern recorded was Type V (543 lines; 58.19%) followed in order by Type I (151 lines; 16.18%), Type I′ (138 lines; 14.79%), Type II (85 lines; 9.11%), Type III (9 lines; 0.96%), Type IV (7 line; 0.75%). In all four Quadrants the most predominant pattern found in males and females was Type V. The present study recorded the following types of type V patterns for the first time; Trifurcations, Bridge or ‘H’ pattern, Horizontal Lines, Cartwheel, Pineapple Skin and Multiple Branching Appearance. Conclusion: The digital method of analyzing the Lip Print images using Adobe Photoshop 7 software serves as a convenient method that provides better visualization and ease in identification and recording of the Lip Print pattern. Predominant pattern in all four quadrants was Type V followed by the linear pattern i.e. Type I′ in quadrants I, II, and III and Type I in quadrant IV in the studied population. Distribution of pattern is not affected by the sex. Although type V is the most predominant pattern found in Goan population, the sub-classification of this type defines the more defined term and aids in accuracy of the classification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Establishing a person''s identity can be a very difficult process. Dental, fingerprint and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques used in this context, allowing fast and secure identification processes. However, since they cannot always be used, sometimes it is necessary to apply different and less known techniques. In this paper, the authors describe two unusual techniques: cheiloscopy and palatoscopy. It is known that due to their special features, both lip grooves and palatal rugae can be used successfully in human identification. This paper reviews the techniques of cheiloscopy and palatoscopy, and describes the different classifications and their advantages and limitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In the past decades, lip-print studies (cheiloscopy) attracted the attention of many scientists as a new tool for human identification in both civil and criminal issues. The present work aimed to study in depth the lip prints of Saudi individuals (males and females) in Almadinah Almonawarah province. It is the first chieloscopic study done on Saudi individuals. A total of 966 Saudi persons, including 13 identical twins and 19 families, were included in the study. Red or brown lip sticks, white copy papers and tissue papers were used to take the impressions of the lips by different methods. Each lip print was divided into six topographic areas, examined by magnifying hand lenses, then photographed and examined by the picture manager and fax viewer programs. A modification of the Renaud''s classification 1973 was used to classify the types of grooves and the results were statistically analysed. Throughout the whole work, no identically similar lip-print pattern appeared in two subjects. Few prints (9.63% of both sexes) showed one type of grooves in all areas of the lips (12.59% of females and 5.87% of males), but two or more types of grooves were commonly seen in different areas of the print. A total of 72.67% of prints showed the same groove pattern in the upper right and upper left areas (78.89% of females and 64.79% of males), while 75.36% of the prints showed the same groove pattern in the lower right and lower left areas (74.81% of females and 76.06% of males). Nine types of grooves were recorded in Saudi lips. The groove type, horizontal with other forms, was the highest recorded (68.7% in females and 42.7% in males) followed by the complete bifurcated, complete branched, reticular, complete vertical, incomplete bifurcated, X or comma form, incomplete vertical, in descending order. The horizontal type was the least recorded one and appeared only in females. Dissimilar lip-print patterns were detected among different individuals of families. Non-identical lip-print patterns were recorded in identical twins. The present study described in detail the lip-print patterns of both males and females at Almadinah Almonawarah province and confirmed that the lip-print pattern is unique for each individual even in twins and family relatives. According to this finding, it is recommended to establish a database for all individuals in a certain locality, hoping to be a reference in civil litigations and criminal cases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]