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Dental implants have been widely used with success, but long-term usage sometimes leads to implant loss. The purpose of this review was to summarize the etiology of early and late failure requiring dental implant removal and the treatment strategies for the removal of failed implants and reimplantation. Early failures are often caused by patient-related factors, such as smoking, diabetes, radiotherapy, bone quality, and periodontitis of the remaining natural teeth. The most common cause of late failure is peri-implantitis, followed by implant fracture and implant malpositioning. Implants should be removed if they are mobile or if their superstructure cannot be maintained (e.g., implant fracture). For peri-implantitis, implant removal should be determined based on the patient's age and esthetic needs, the implant site, and the severity of bone loss. Many reports have been published on implant removal techniques. The reverse torque technique should always be the first choice because of its low invasiveness. The weighted survival rate for the replacement of failed implants is 86.3%, with a much lower survival rate after the second or subsequent implantations. Therefore, patient-specific problems, such as smoking habits and bruxism, should be checked before reimplantation and controlled to the greatest extent possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Biomass-based CNTs catalyst was developed against plant virus in real water. • The 1O 2 -dominated non-radical pathway targets serine sites in PMMoV-CP. • PMMoV's long RNA fragments were decomposed into ∼160 nt fragments. With the increasing demand for water in hydroponic systems and agricultural irrigation, viral diseases have seriously affected the yield and quality of crops. By removing plant viruses in water environments, virus transmission can be prevented and agricultural production and ecosystems can be protected. But so far, there have been few reports on the removal of plant viruses in water environments. Herein, in this study, easily recyclable biomass-based carbon nanotubes catalysts were synthesized with varying metal activities to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Among them, the magnetic 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system showed the best overall removal performance against pepper mild mottle virus, with a 5.9 log 10 removal within 1 min. Notably, the key reactive species in the 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system is 1O 2 , which can maintain good removal effect in real water matrices (river water and tap water). Through RNA fragment analyses and label free analysis, it was found that this system could effectively cleave virus particles, destroy viral proteins and expose their genome. The capsid protein of pepper mild mottle virus was effectively decomposed where serine may be the main attacking sites by 1O 2. Long viral RNA fragments (3349 and 1642 nt) were cut into smaller fragments (∼160 nt) and caused their degradation. In summary, this study contributes to controlling the spread of plant viruses in real water environment, which will potentially help protect agricultural production and food safety, and improve the health and sustainability of ecosystems. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• rGO was biosynthesized via the reduction of GO by Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA. • rGO-PCA combining system achieved complete nitrobenzene (NB) removal within one day. • rGO as electron shuttle accelerated the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process of Geobacter. • EET at microbial cell/rGO interface promoted the bioreduction of NB. • The underlying mechanism of NB biodegradation mediated by graphite material was proposed. In order to explore an efficient and green method to deal with nitrobenzene (NB) pollutant, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an electron shuttle was applied to enhance the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process of Geobacter sulfurreducens , which was a typical electrochemically active bacteria (EAB). In this study, rGO biosynthesis was achieved via the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) by G. sulfurreducens PCA within 3 days. Also, the rGO-PCA combining system completely reduced 50-200 µmol/L of NB to aniline as end product within one day. SEM characterization revealed that PCA cells were partly wrapped by rGO, and therefore the distance of electron transfer between strain PCA and rGO material was reduced. Beside, the I D /I G of GO, rGO, and rGO-PCA combining system were 0.990, 1.293 and 1.31, respectively. Moreover, highest currents were observed in rGO-PCA-NB as 12.950 µA/-12.560 µA at -408 mV/156 mV, attributing to the faster electron transfer efficiency in EET process. Therefore, the NB reduction was mainly due to: (I) direct EET process from G. sulfurreducens PCA to NB; (II) rGO served as electron shuttle and accelerated electron transfer to NB, which was the main degradation pathway. Overall, the biosynthesis of rGO via GO reduction by Geobacter promoted the NB removal process, which provided a facile strategy to alleviate the problematic nitroaromatic pollution in the environment. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron is frequently present in wastewater from hydrocarbon production, briefly referred as produced water. Boron at high levels is toxic, especially to plants. It makes challenging produced water reuse. State-of-the-art boron removal processes need specific operations resulting in an increase of water treatment train complexity and cost. Among these, we recall reverse osmosis, adsorption on chelating resins and precipitation softening in presence of magnesium in large excess. Ettringite is a calcium-aluminum sulfate hydroxide, Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O, reported as an effective boron adsorbent. The experimentation described in this paper deals to boron removal through precipitation softening in conditions promoting the formation of ettringite. The first-stage-reverse-osmosis permeate from an Italian oil-and-gas site was used as raw water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Timely removal of esophageal stents can help avoid or reduce the occurrence of complications. This study was aimed at elucidating the interventional technique for the removal of self-expanding metallic esophageal stents (SEMESs) under fluoroscopy and analyzing its safety and efficacy. The medical records of patients who underwent removal of SEMESs by interventional techniques under fluoroscopy were retrospectively analyzed. Furthermore, the success and adverse event rates for different interventional techniques of stent removal were analyzed and compared. Overall, 411 patients were included, and 507 metallic esophageal stents were removed. There were 455 and 52 fully and partially covered SEMESs, respectively. According to the stent indwelling time, benign esophageal diseases were divided into two groups: ≤68 days and >68 days. There was a significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (13.1% and 30.5%, respectively, p <.001). The stents in cases of malignant esophageal lesions were divided into the following two groups: ≤52 days and >52 days. Intergroup differences in complication incidence were not significant (p =.81) Further, there was a significant difference in removal time between the recovery line pull and proximal adduction techniques (4 and 6 minutes, respectively, p <.001). In addition, the recovery line pull technique was associated with a lower rate of complications (9.8% vs 19.1 %, p =.04). There was no statistical difference in the technical success rate and incidence of adverse events between the inversion and stent-in-stent techniques. Interventional technique to remove SEMESs under fluoroscopy is safe, effective, and worthy of clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation of the adsorption potential of the Jordanian calcinated bentonite to remove phosphate ions from aqueous solutions whether they are synthetic or actual samples was studied in this article, The temperatures for calcination ranged from (100°C-900°C). The effectiveness of calcining bentonite's ability to remove phosphate ions was investigated under various conditions, including initial concentration of phosphate ions, calcinations, temperature, particle size, pH levels, adsorbent dose, and contact time. Using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order rates and intraparticle diffusion models the kinetic studies were carried out. The R² values indicated that pseudo-secondorder rather than pseudo-first-order provided a better fit for the phosphate transport. The activation energy for the removal for both synthetic and actual materials was computed, and it was found to be 8.93 and 12.120 kJ/mol, respectively, this shows that physisorption may have happened. The rate of phosphate ion uptake was also investigated using intraparticle diffusion model at different variables (temperature, particle size, agitation, and pH values), and both particle diffusion (Dp) and film diffusion (Df) coefficients were predicted, with the results indicating that film diffusion (Df) is the rate determining step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly reactive oxidizing species such as sulfate and hydroxyl radicals have been widely used in oxidative degradation of various organic pollutants. In this paper, attapulgite supported sulfide modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (APT/S-nZVI) was synthesized and utilized to activate persulfate (Ps) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for removal of p-nitrophenol (PNP), respectively. The effects of main factors (such as S/Fe molar ratio, oxidant concentration, initial PNP concentration, pH, temperature and others) on the removal of PNP in different systems were investigated. The results showed that the APT/S-nZVI/H2O2 system had stronger removal efficiency and faster reaction rate for PNP than that of the APT/S-nZVI/Ps system under the same fitting conditions, but the APT/S-nZVI/Ps system was efficient over a wide pH range of 3-9, while the efficient pH in the APT/S-nZVI/H2O2 system was confined to just 3. Among them, dosage of oxidant, pH value and temperature significantly influenced the PNP removal performance by APT/S-nZVI/H2O2, while the influence of the molar ratio of S/Fe and the initial concentration of PNP on the PNP removal performance of APT/S-nZVI/Ps system is more obvious. The factors that affect the PNP removal performance are different in two systems due to the different free radicals generated by Fe2+ activated Ps and H2O2. The underlying mechanism and degradation products of APT/S-nZVI in activating Ps and v were elucidated through UV-Vis spectra and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, the effect of different inorganic ions on the degradation of PNP in the two systems was investigated, and the result showed that the common anions certain inhibitory effect on PNP removal, but the degradation of PNP remained above 97%. The study demonstrated that both APT/S-nZVI/Ps and APT/S-nZVI/H2O2 system can efficiently remove PNP, but which system is more suitable for the practical application should be according to the requirements of removal and circumstance conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low-cost polyaniline/banana peel (PAni/BP) composite was prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of agricultural waste BP powder and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. The surface area and average pore width were 5.65 m2·g-1 and 61.2 nm, respectively. A maximum adsorption capacity of 56.8 mg·g-1 and more than 90% removal of 5.0 mg·L-1 phosphate, were achieved under optimized conditions. Phosphate adsorption is best described by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. The Temkin isotherm gave an 8.2 J·mol-1 B constant, while the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm produced 14.1 kJ·mol-1 adsorption energy; both of them supported the chemisorption process. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the phosphate adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. For spiked groundwater, removal ranged between 90% and 95%, while desorbed phosphate removal ranged from 83% to 100%, with a relative standard deviation ranging from 2.0% to 7.4%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A water-stable bimetallic Fe/Zr metal-organic framework [UiO-66(Fe/Zr)] for exceptional decontamination of arsenic in water was fabricated through a facile one-step strategy. The batch adsorption experiments revealed the excellent performances with ultrafast adsorption kinetics due to the synergistic effects of two functional centers and large surface area (498.33 m2/g). The absorption capacity of UiO-66(Fe/Zr) for arsenate [As(V)] and arsenite [As(III)] reached as high as 204.1 mg/g and 101.7 mg/g, respectively. Langmuir model was suitable to describe the adsorption behaviors of arsenic on UiO-66(Fe/Zr). The fast kinetics (adsorption equilibrium in 30 min, 10 mg/L As) and pseudo-second-order model implied the strong chemisorption between arsenic ions and UiO-66(Fe/Zr), which was further confirmed by DFT theoretical calculations. The results of FT-IR, XPS analysis and TCLP test demonstrated that arsenic was immobilized on the surface of UiO-66(Fe/Zr) through Fe/Zr-O-As bonds, and the leaching rates of the adsorbed As(III) and As(V) from the spent adsorbent were only 5.6% and 1.4%, respectively. UiO-66(Fe/Zr) can be regenerated for five cycles without obvious removal efficiency decrease. The original arsenic (1.0 mg/L) in lake and tap water was effectively removed in 2.0 hr [99.0% of As(III) and 99.8% of As(V)]. The bimetallic UiO-66(Fe/Zr) has great potentials in water deep purification of arsenic with fast kinetics and high capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a carbonate material (CM) and its form heated to 900°C (CM900) were used to remove Congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions. The objective was to combine the results of the characterization of the modified material, CR adsorption and spectroscopic study to propose a coherent mechanism of the CR-CM900 interaction. A bibliographical study on the adsorption of dyes by carbonates and their interactions revealed the scarcity of published works. This study will compensate somewhat for the lack of results in this field. Carbonate materials are abundant, low-cost and available in different countries around the world. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. A solid/solution concentration of 1 g·L-1, pH of 6.9, equilibrium time of 2 h and temperature of 40°C, were found to be the optimum conditions for a maximum amount of CR adsorbed by CM900 of 288.2 against 32.7 mg·g-1 for CM. A full decarbonation of CM900 results in MgO and CaO, releases CO2 from the structure, and leads to a more porous structure. The pseudofirst-order model adequately described the kinetic data. The experimental isotherms were suitably fitted by the Redlich-Peterson model with determination coefficient and average relative error values =0.97% and <10.0%, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters suggested a spontaneous and endothermic process. Methanol easily desorbed the CR adsorbed by CM900 which maintained its adsorption capacity during three adsorption-desorption cycles. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy investigation before and after the dye adsorption showed that the CR-CM900 interaction involves a mechanism of outer-sphere complexation between the amine groups and the hydroxylated magnesium oxides. Understanding the interactions between dyes and carbonate materials is an important approach to develop the use of these materials in wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, four coagulants were used to investigate their performances for the treatment of raw landfill leachate. Two inorganic coagulants, namely, ferric sulfate, Fe2 (SO4 )3 and zinc sulfate, ZnSO4 were compared to two types of palm date seeds, that is, khlas and sukkari as natural coagulants. Type of coagulant, dosage, pH and rapid mixing speed were designated as input variables, that is, operating conditions. In order to determine and compare the leachate treatment performances of the four coagulants, four responses were selected for this research, namely, chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3 –N) or simply ammonia and total suspended solids (TSS). A response surface model (RSM) was developed for each selected response to find the optimum operating conditions for the input variable and for each coagulant that result in maximum removals. 72 experiments under different operating conditions were performed of which 18 runs were conducted for each type of coagulant wherein 100 mL of raw landfill leachate was the sample volume used for each run. The optimum operating conditions were found in the models and experimentally validated. The optimum dosage of ferric sulfate, zinc sulfate and khlas was found to be 6 mL. However, a lower dosage of 4.32 mL was found to be the optimum for sukkari. The optimal pH for ferric sulfate and sukkari was 5, whilst a pH of 9 was obtained for khlas and zinc sulfate. Finally, the optimum rapid mixing speeds for khlas and sukkari were rounded off to 195 and 200 rpm, respectively. Meanwhile, higher optimal rapid mixing speeds of 240 and 250 rpm were rounded out for ferric sulfate and zinc sulfate, correspondingly. Hence, the optimal reductions of COD, color, ammonia and TSS by (ferric sulfate–zinc sulfate) were rounded off to 55%–53%, 89%–73%, 15%–17% and 91%–89%, respectively. On the other hand, the optimum removals obtained by the natural coagulants (khlas–sukkari) were as the following: 12%–15% COD, 53%–56% color, 12%–14% ammonia and 78%–67% TSS. As regards the maximum removals of COD, color, ammonia and TSS by (ferric sulfate–zinc sulfate), they were found and rounded off to 60%–60%, 89%–84%, 18%–21% and 95%–96%, respectively. Contrariwise, the maximum reductions obtained by the natural coagulants (khlas–sukkari) were as the following: 16%–24% COD, 70%–74% color, 17%–17% ammonia and 91%–82% TSS. Thereupon, the natural coagulants showed effective removals, notably in terms of color, ammonia and TSS that could adequately replace the inorganic coagulants. A big margin of improvement in the removal of COD and other pollutants by khlas and sukkari could possibly be achieved in the upcoming studies by extensively investigating the preparation techniques of the natural coagulants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, an efficient activated carbon derived from Ipomoea batatas vine was used to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from wastewater. A series of characterization results of the activated carbon revealed that one of the prepared activated carbon (prepared at 800°C) had a high specific surface area (1,508.4 m2 /g), rich functional groups, etc. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to explore the adsorption effect and mechanism of AC-800 on Cr(VI) in aqueous solution. The adsorption kinetic and isotherms experiment results fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively, which indicated that the adsorption of Cr(VI) by AC-800 was mainly by surface chemical complexation reaction, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 362.3 mg/g (in optimized condition). The efficiency of Cr(VI) removal was significantly affected by the initial pH of the solution. And, AC-800 showed good reusability, and the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) was still over 70% after four cycles. Overall, the activated carbon derived from discarded Ipomoea batatas vine could be considered an efficient adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population growth and the increasing need for agricultural and food products, enhance usage of pesticides, which are special water pollutants. In this study, we synthesized poly(methacrylic acid) modified magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3 O4 @PMA MNPs) to remove chlorpyrifos organophosphate pesticide from aqueous samples. The structure of synthesized MNPs was characterized by vibrating sample magnetometer, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. Effective operational parameters such as pH, adsorbent mass, contact time and ionic strength were evaluated at four levels by Taguchi fractional factorial design method (OA16). Under the optimum conditions (pH = 5, adsorbent content = 2 g·L–1, ionic strength = 0.005 mol·L–1 and 30 min contact time), the removal efficiency of 89.8% was obtained. The kinetic studies at two concentrations of 5 and 25 mg·L–1 showed that chlorpyrifos removal followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R²= 0.99, qeq = 11.31 mg·g–1) confirming diffusion plays a key role in determining the rate of adsorption process. The adsorption equilibrium data were investigated by linear and non-linear forms of four isotherm models, and the results showed good accordance with the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm model (R2 = 0.99). From the thermodynamic studies, ΔH°, ΔS°, ΔG°, and Ea of adsorption process were obtained as 9.665 kJ·mol–1, 40.25 J·mol–1·K–1, –2.326 kJ·mol–1 and 8.677 kJ·mol–1, respectively. The results revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic (ΔH° > 0) and spontaneous (ΔG° < 0). The obtained values of ΔH°, ΔG° and Ea confirmed the physisorption nature of interaction. The calculated Ea and sticking probability (S*) showed the endothermic adsorption process and high probability of sticking to the surface, respectively. This study showed that Fe3 O4 @PMA MNPs are suitable adsorbents for removing chlorpyrifos pesticide from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the use of date stone powder-based plant natural coagulant in the treatment of iron and steel industrial effluent. Coagulation process was conducted using different dosage from date stone powdered (0.2–10 g/L) and different pH values (5–10) using orbital shaker at 200 rpm. The treatment efficiency was evaluated by examine the removal for chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3 –N), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), and nickel (Ni). The maximal removal for COD, TSS, NH3 –N, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, and Ni were 59.4%, 99%, 92.1%, 87.1%, 97.7%, 94.8%, 65.8%, and 80.3%, respectively. Date stone powder has enormous promise as a plant-based natural coagulant for industrial effluent wastewater treatment and might be used to treat effluent from the iron and steel industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• No precipitation of As(III) with Fe(III) in aqueous SO 4 (-II)-rich media is observed. • Mixing Cl(-I) into SO 4 (-II) solution markedly promotes As(III) precipitated removal. • The optimal As(III) removal occurs at SO 4 (-II)/Cl(-I) molar ratio of 1:4 and 25 °C. • Tooeleite and (Cl(-I)-free) ferric arsenite hydroxychloride are the main As sink. • Fe(III)-As(III) precipitate is affected by FeH 2 AsO 3 2+, FeSO 4 + and FeCl2+ complexes. An advanced cost-saving method of removal of high-As(III) from SO 4 (-II)-rich metallurgical wastewater has been developed by diluting the SO 4 (-II) content with As(III)-Cl(-I)-rich metallurgical wastewater and then by the direct precipitation of As(III) with Fe(III) at pH 2.3. As(III) removal at various SO 4 (-II)/Cl(-I) molar ratios and temperatures was investigated. The results showed that 65.2‒98.2% of As(III) immobilization into solids occurred at the SO 4 (-II)/Cl(-I) molar ratios of 1:1‒32 and 15‒60 °C in 3 days, which were far higher than those in aqueous sole SO 4 (-II) or Cl(-I) media at the equimolar SO 4 (-II) or Cl(-I) and the same temperature. SO 4 (-II)/Cl(-I) molar ratio of 1:4 and 25 °C were optimal conditions to reach the As removal maximum. Mixed aqueous SO 4 (-II) and Cl(-I) played a synergetic role in the main tooeleite formation together with (Cl(-I)-free) ferric arsenite hydroxychloride (FAHC) involving the substitution of AsO 3 3− for Cl(-I) for enhanced As fixation. The competitive complexation among FeH 2 AsO 3 2+, FeSO 4 + and FeCl2+ complexes was the main mechanism for the maximum As(III) precipitation at the SO 4 (-II)/Cl(-I) molar ratio of 1:4. Low As(III) immobilization at high temperature with increased Fe(III) hydrolysis was due to the formation of As(III)-bearing ferrihydrite with the relatively high Fe/As molar ratio at acidic pH. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thallium (Tl) has posed serious impacts on human being concerning increasingly serious pollution in aqueous environments. However, little information on removal method than conventional heavy metals have been available. In the present work, zwitterionic N-(3-sulfonato-1-propyl)- N , N -dimethylammonium grafted cellulose fibre (DMAE-PS) has been fabricated. The chemical component, thermal stability and surface properties of as-prepared materials are identified by FT-IR, elemental analysis, TGA, XRD, BET and SEM. DMAE-PS is shown to be very efficient for removing Tl(I) from water samples with a loading capacity of 274.7 mg (Tl(I))·g−1 (DMAE-PS) , representing one of the best performances among bio-mass derived materials. The adsorption is consistent with the Freundlich model following a pseudo-second order (K 2 = 4.36 × 10−4 g·mg−1·min−1, R2 = 0.999) and two-step intra-particle diffusion kinetics. The selectivity towards Tl(I) is also remarkably, 1–2 orders (distribution ratio K Tl/M = 14.85–289.29) of magnitude larger than competing metals (Zn2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+). The SEM, XPS and UV-visible spectrum collectively reveal that -SO 3 −-Tl(I) ionic interaction is probably the main driving force for specific adsorption, which shows a high stability against pH variation. The fabricated DMAE-PS is a sustainable bio-adsorbent with synthetic availability, high removing capacity and strong selectivity, therefore, potentially feasible in treatment of Tl(I) polluted environmental samples. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Adsorbents based on poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate- co -vinyl acetate). • Modified starch used as a biocomponent. • ATR/FT-IR, XPS, SEM/EDX and DSC methods were applied for adsorbents characterizing. • The study shows potential of starch modified adsorbents in removal of Basic Yellow 2. Increasing global degradation of the aquatic environment is forcing the search for new and low-cost adsorbents of reduced toxicity, derived from natural and renewable sources. To meet these expectations, a new approach to adsorbent fabrication was developed. The study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and apply environmentally friendly adsorbents based on poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-co-vinyl acetate) (EGDMA-VA) with unmodified/modified starch (St). The first step proposed a new mechanochemical method of starch modification using thiourea (T) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (P). Then, the functionalized starch was used to obtain polymeric microspheres. The final step involves their application for the removal of toxic C.I. Basic Yellow 2 (BY2) dye. The pristine materials and adsorbents were characterized by ATR/FT-IR and XPS, DSC, SEM/EDX, porous structure, particle size distribution, tendency to swell, and pH pzc. Adsorption batch studies of BY2 as a function of time (1–60 min), initial dye concentration (1–25 mg/L, pH=8.3), temperature (298–328 K), and competing electrolyte (5–15 g/L Na 2 SO 4) and surfactant (0.1–0.5 g/L CTAB) presence were carried out. The kinetic studies were analyzed using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and intraparticle diffusion models. The equilibrium studies revealed that the Freundlich isotherm model (k F =5.62–6.56 mg1-1/n L1/n) described BY2-adsorbents systems rather than Langmuir, Temkin or Dubinin-Radushkevich. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) pointed to the exothermic nature of adsorption and its spontaneousness. Importantly, the starch-modified microspheres were regenerated, too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• FeS-Mor was successfully synthesized by coprecipitation to remove Cr(VI). • FeS-Mor composites can effectively remove Cr(VI) at pH ∼ 2.0. • The pseudo-second-order fitted well in pure Cr(VI) and co-existence cations. • The removal efficiency and economy exhibit best under the mass ratio of FeS:Mor at the range of 1:1–1:2. In this study, a composite material (FeS-Mor) of nano ferrous sulfide (FeS) and mordenite was prepared by coprecipitation method using mordenite as a stabilizer to prevent the aggregation of FeS to achieve the purpose of efficient removal of chromium from water. Experimental results revealed that the optimum pH for Cr(VI) removal was ∼ 2 with a removal capacity of 199.0 mg/g and efficiency of 99.5 % at 303 K. Common co-existing cations of Na+, Ca2+ and K+ promoted the removal efficiency, while Mg2+ inhibited the removal of Cr(VI). While Common anions of SO 4 2−, CO 3 2−, Cl− and NO 3 − inhibited chromium removal. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted the kinetic removal of Cr(VI) onto FeS-Mor composites best under absent/present co-existing cations, indicating that chemical reduction and complexation dominated the removal process. The thermodynamic results were best described with the Freundlich model and showed an endothermic process of Cr(VI) removal. The FeS-Mor composites with FeS:Mor mass ratio in the range of 1:1–1:2 exhibited the best performance in removal efficiency and reusability. These results reveal that introducing mordenite to develop an efficient FeS-based nanocomposite system can significantly improve the performance of chromium remediation from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• PBAs with different transition metals show distinct Cs+ adsorption mechanisms. • Structural features like particle size and water content strongly impact adsorption. • MnFe and CuFe PBAs enhance Cs+ adsorption through H+ ion exchange at defect sites. • NiFe and ZnFe PBAs exhibit improved Cs+ adsorption under light irradiation. • PBAs effectively remove ¹³⁷Cs, even in challenging environments like seawater. Extensive efforts were made to remove radioactive cesium (137Cs) from the environment, with Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) emerging as highly selective and efficient materials for 137Cs removal. However, limited studies systematically compared Cs+ adsorption across different transition metals in PBA. This study investigates the influence of the choice of transition metal ion (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) on Cs+ adsorption mechanisms and efficiency. PBAs were synthesized and characterized based on their specific surface area, ion exchange capacity, lattice parameter, and defect sites (as indicated by water molecule content). Cs+ adsorption mechanisms varied significantly with transition metals. In CoFe and FeFe PBAs, ion exchange with K + dominated, while CuFe and MnFe PBAs, with more defect sites primarily used ion exchange between H + and Cs+. NiFe and ZnFe exhibited enhanced Cs+ adsorption under light irradiation, likely due to their light-absorbing properties facilitating a reduction reaction. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied to model the adsorption behavior, confirming that each performance of PBA depends on the transition metal used. These findings suggest that PBAs with various transition metals can efficiently remove 137Cs under diverse environmental conditions by using distinct adsorption mechanisms. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transforming waste materials into valuable products plays a crucial role in promoting sustainability and protecting environment. In this study, activated carbon derived from sugarcane bagasse, a lignocellulosic biomass source, was coated with iron and manganese for the adsorption and photodegradation of Acid Black 1 (AB1) dye from aqueous solutions. The effects of various parameters were investigated using Central Composite Design (CCD) and a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) algorithm. The results of the characterization indicated that the iron and manganese particles were uniformly dispersed on the activated carbon. While CCD determined ideal parameters to be an initial concentration of 20.15 mg L−1, a dose of 25 mg/30 mL, a pH of 5, and a time of 40 min, the MLP Algorithm proposed slightly different conditions: an initial concentration of 26.66 mg L−1, dose of 25 mg, pH of 5.0, and a time of 25.05 min. Despite these differences, both methods projected impressive AB1 removal efficiency, 100 % for CCD and 99.02 % for MLP, underscoring the potential effectiveness of these strategies in AB1 mitigation. Concentration emerged as the predominant factor influencing the removal process, as determined by the MLP algorithm. The results showed that the major active species in the degradation of AB1 were e cb − and •O 2 −, while h vb + species also participated to some extent, and triethanolamine (TEOA) had a minor effect on the degradation efficiency. The nanocomposite exhibited a high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , resulting in a large zone of inhibition. The optimized nanocomposite could be used as an effective nanomaterial to remove hazardous contaminants. • Fe&Mn coating on AC enhanced AB1 adsorption and photodegradation. • Fe&Mn-coated AC formed an efficient nanostructure with enhanced properties. • CCD&MLP methods achieve 100 % & 99.02 % AB1 removal, highlighting mitigation potential. • FeMn-AC nanocomposite shows potent antibacterial activity against specific bacteria. • Major AB1 degraders were e cb − and.•O 2 −, while h vb + species and TEOA had lesser roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Microalgae are emerging as sustainable bioremediation platforms for Mo(V) removal. • The removal efficiency was determined at 41 % of 200 mg L−1 initial Mo(V) conc. • The optimal Mo(V) removal rate was 82.78 mg L−1 at pH 3 and 35 °C. • The maximum biomass and lipid yield of C. sorokiniana SU1 were 2.35 and 0.71 gL−1. With growing global pollution concerns, the environmental hazards posed by molybdenum (Ⅴ) discharge >10 ppm, especially from steel and semiconductor industries have escalated environmental risks. Unfortunately, sustainable methods for Mo(V) removal are limited. This study presents an environmentally friendly solution utilizing microalgae for effective Mo(V) treatment. Notably. the generated microalgal biomass serves the dual purpose of addressing molybdenum pollution and contributing to biofuel production, offering economic incentives. Selected microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana SU1 were used for treating Mo(V). The goal is to maximize Mo(V) removal over 18 days, ensuring sufficient biomass and lipid yields. Optimizing pH and temperature, directed by zeta potential analysis, improves Mo(V) removal efficiency. FTIR analysis validates Mo(V) adsorption through the reactive groups on the algal cell wall. Chlorella sorokiniana SU1 is a highly effective agent for Mo(V) removal, achieving an impressive removal rate of 82.78 mgL−1. Additionally, the resultant treatment demonstrates noteworthy microalgal biomass and lipid yields of 2.35 and 0.71 g L−1, respectively. The tactical pH and temperature optimization further augments the molybdenum removal efficiency. This innovative study addresses molybdenum pollution and also gives a sustainable route for biofuel production through generated microalgal biomass, establishing a promising technique for commercial-scale molybdenum bioremediation. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Fe2+ in groundwater serves as a sustained catalyst to drive the removal of NH 4 +-N. • High selectivity of NH 4 +-N conversion to N 2 by PMS- Fe 3 O 4 /Cl– system. • Ammonia removed by Cl• − mediated AOPs even under microtherm conditions. • Reliability assessment of NH 4 +-N in-situ removal by PMS-Fe 3 O 4 /Cl– system. The conventional ammonia in-situ treatment technology fails to achieve complete NH 4 +-N degradation, while the high concentration of native iron in groundwater further complicates its removal process, potentially leading to adverse environmental consequences. This study investigates the introduction of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) into groundwater containing high concentrations Fe2+ (Fe 3 O 4 as a ferrous source), which can act as persistent catalysts, and Cl-, causing the degradation of ammonia through chlorine free radical-based advanced oxidation processes (PMS- Fe 3 O 4 /Cl-), and evaluates the advantages and limitations of employing the PMS- Fe 3 O 4 /Cl- system for ammonia treatment. The rapid reaction between SO 4 •- and Cl- resulted in the formation of Cl• as primary products. Cl• initiates a cascade of subsequent reactions with pH-dependent secondary active products. Under optimal conditions, the ammonia removal efficiency reached 97.44 % using the PMS- Fe 3 O 4 /Cl- system within 120 min of operation, which can be attributed to the selective oxidation of ammonia by chlorine reactive species. And this finding was substantiated by observations from experiments involving free radical quenching and EPR spectra coupled with DMPO. The HCO 3 – and humic acid (HA) in water can significantly affect the removal of ammonia, owing to their capability of quenching SO 4 •- and Cl•. Meanwhile, the levels of generated toxic chlorates in our system remain within acceptable limits. The PMS- Fe 3 O 4 /Cl- system exhibited outstanding transport capacity and stability in simulated columns, demonstrating excellent ammonia oxidation efficiency in natural groundwater, thereby confirming its promising practical potential. All experiments were executed at a temperature of 12 ℃, thereby verifying the remarkable efficacy of the PMS- Fe 3 O 4 /Cl- system in removing ammonia even under microtherm conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel spheroidal functional monomer (CPDs-F) has been provided. • CPD-F create precise imprinted sites and fewer nonimprinted regions. • Spherical monomers overcome limits of chain monomer and enhance MIPs selectivity. • CPDs-F@MIPs can highly selectively extract SDS from environmental samples. Although several methods for enhancing the selectivity of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been reported, their effects on complex substrates remain unsatisfactory. In this study, a customised 1-vinyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid with a vinyl double bond polymerizable unit and an F-atom recognition unit was employed as a precursor carbon source to prepare unique spherical carbonised polymer dots (CPDs-F) through an incomplete carbonisation process using the one-step hydrothermal method. Then used it as a novel functional monomer, sulfadiazine sodium (SDS), as a template to synthesize the SDS-imprinted material CPDs-F@MIP in aqueous media. The results indicated that the obtained CPDs-F@MIP exhibited excellent selectivity for the template, with an imprinting factor of up to 6.39, surpassing that of the MIPs prepared with chain functional monomers 2.12–4.76 times. The selective adsorption of the template molecule, SDS (selectivity coefficient: approximately 2.615–43.149), was not significantly influenced by the coexistence of contaminants with various structural characteristics. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 61.06 mg g−1. After at least twenty applications, the adsorption capability of CPDs-F@MIP did not decrease significantly. Finally, the prepared CPDs-F@MIP were used as solid-phase extraction adsorbents in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography, and the anti-interference ability and selective adsorption performance of CPDs-F@MIP in six actual water samples were investigated. Additionally, an accurate, reliable method for detecting SDS in environmental water was established (limit of detection of 0.2 μg L−1, and the recoveries ranged from 91.79% to 111.32%). Imprinting materials prepared using spherical functional monomers significantly enhance their selective recognition ability in complex media and provide new ideas for the preparation and application of novelty imprinting materials with superior performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Equilibrium of Atenolol sorption onto carbon aerogel was reached after 150 min. • Sorption data showed good fit to pseudo-first-order and Chrastil's models. • q max of 76.66 mg g−1 pronounced large potential of aerogel for Atenolol removal. • Developed surface area and mesoporosity in the sorbent's structure were confirmed. Atenolol (ATL) is a popular medication which is widely used to treat hypertension and angina. It is often found in aqueous environments, posing potential risk to human health and ecological well-being. In this study, carbon aerogel was prepared by supercritical CO 2 drying of resorcinol–formaldehyde resin subsequently carbonized at 600 °C in an inert atmosphere. This porous material was characterized by SEM, BET, FTIR, and XRD and used for the first time for the removal of ATL from aqueous solutions under varying experimental conditions. Carbon aerogel in the form of microbeads exhibited a relatively high specific surface area of 376.02 m2/g and median pore radius of 9.83 nm. The isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Redlich-Peterson and Brouers-Sotolongo were used to interpret the equilibrium data. Although most of the applied models fitted the data well, the calculated values for maximum sorption capacity (q max) showed a huge deviation when compared to experimental value of 76.66 mg/g. The pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, Chrastil's model, and the intraparticle diffusion model were employed for fitting the kinetic data. The rate of the process was rapid with most of the uptake attained in the first 20 min of the contacting. The sorption optimum was achieved at pH pH 9.0 and for sorbent's dosage of 750 mg/L. Reusability study of the spent aerogel conducted in seven cycles evidenced slight decrease of approximately 1 % in removal efficiency across the cycles indicating that the sorbent maintained its high effectiveness and stability throughout its usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work introducing a pioneering catalytic routes and processes facilitating the effective and efficient extraction of U(VI) from nuclear wastewater based on CEC. [Display omitted] • An innovative approach of contact-electro-catalysis (CEC) was proposed for U(VI) extraction. • U(VI) in a wide concentration range of uranium solutions can be completely removed by CEC. • The efficient and selective extraction of U(VI) was realized in actual nuclear wastewater. • The mechanism of U(VI) removal by CEC was revealed. The efficient and eco-friendly extraction of uranium(VI) from nuclear wastewater continues to pose a significant challenge. Herein, an innovative approach of contact-electro-catalysis (CEC) has been employed for the extraction of uranium from aqueous solutions. Commercial polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was utilized as a trigger catalyst to generate e-, · O 2 − and H 2 O 2 under ultrasonic stimulation. These then react with uranyl ions to yield (UO 2)O 2 ⋅2H 2 O precipitates, facilitating efficient and selective extraction of uranium. In the absence of sacrificial agents, without the requirement of material preparation, and ambient atmosphere conditions, the removal rate of U(VI) at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mg/L under ultrasonic action (40 kHz, 180 W) exceeded 95 %. Additionally, it showed significant selectivity in the presence of coexisting ions. Furthermore, PTFE exhibits remarkable reusability in the process of uranium removal by CEC owing to its outstanding physicochemical stability. Notably, 82.6 % of U(VI) in actual low-concentration uranium-containing wastewater was extracted through CEC, confirming this method holds a promising application prospect. Our findings offer a convenient and eco-friendly strategy for effective and efficient extraction of uranium from nuclear wastewater based on the CEC, demonstrating powerful potential for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic contaminants commonly found in drainage water from waste management facilities. Within the European Union, these facilities either treat the water locally or transfer it to wastewater treatment plants to reduce harmful emissions. However, PFAS are a broad class of compounds with varying physicochemical properties, leading to different removal efficiencies for adsorbents. Activated carbon and ion exchange resins are effective but costly, and they can become saturated with other contaminants. Therefore, this study aims to explore inexpensive, abundant alternatives for reducing PFAS concentrations in the environment. In Sweden, bark is a by-product of forestry activities, primarily used as fuel in heat and power plants. This study evaluates the ability of pine and spruce bark to remove PFAS from contaminated drainage water. Initial laboratory experiments employed liquid-to-solid ratios of 10 and 20 to assess the performance of both materials. Results indicated that pine bark exhibited better removal efficiencies, particularly when a layered column with pine bark followed by spruce bark was utilized. The overall removal efficiencies for short-chain PFAS (perfluorinated carbons: PFCA C 3 –C 6 and PFSA C 4 –C 5) and long-chain PFAS (PFCA > C7 and PFSA > C6) were below 20%, except for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), which showed reductions of 40%–80%. The pH of the treated water decreased from 7 to 4 (pine bark) and 5 (spruce bark) after treatment. In a larger-scale trial, a combination of 50% pine bark and 50% spruce bark was tested, achieving similar reductions for PFOS. Although the removal efficiencies were insufficient for exclusive treatment, these materials may be useful in specific applications targeting long-chain PFAS or in conjunction with other treatment methods. [Display omitted] • Pine and spruce bark were able to retain some PFAS in small- and large-scale applications. • The best results were achieved when the sorbent composition was 50% pine and 50% spruce. • PFOS was the most retained PFAS with bark. • Retention of ultra-short-chain PFAS was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzylalkyldimethylammonium (BACs), dialkyldimethylammonium (DDACs), and alkyltrimethylammonium compounds (ATMACs) are quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) widely used in industrial and consumer products. Nevertheless, little is known about their fates in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). We detected 7 BACs, 6 DDACs, 6 ATMACs, and 8 hydroxy- and carboxyl- metabolites of BACs (BACm) in wastewater collected from a WWTP in New York State. The median concentrations of ∑All (sum concentration of all 27 analytes) in influent and final effluent were 31900 and 545 ng/L, respectively, which corresponded to a removal efficiency of 98 %. C14-BAC, C10-DDAC, C18-DDAC, and C16-ATMAC were the major compounds found in influent (collectively accounting for 62 % of ∑All), suggestive of their prevalent usage in consumer products. BACm were detected for the first time in wastewater (median: 1720 ng/L in influent), and they comprised 8–11 % of ∑All in wastewater, which highlighted the importance of monitoring QAC metabolites in wastewater. The mass loadings of QACs into the WWTP were in the range of 1480–10700 mg/d/1000 inhabitants, whereas the corresponding emission rates were in the range of 119–7720 mg/d/1000 inhabitants. QACs present in final effluents may exert low to moderate risks on aquatic organisms, which warrants more attention. [Display omitted] • Quaternary ammonium compounds were ubiquitous in wastewater from the USA. • Carboxyl- metabolites of benzalkonium were found in wastewater for the first time. • QACs were efficiently removed following secondary treatment. • QACs in wastewater effluents exert low to moderate risks on aquatic organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a highly toxic aldehyde, acrolein is widely found in diet and environment, and can be produced endogenously, posing a serious threat to human health. Herein, we designed a novel fluorescent nanoplatform integrating carbon dots‑manganese dioxide (CDs-MnO 2) and glutathione (GSH) for all-in-one sensing and removal of acrolein. By converting Mn4+ to free Mn2+, GSH inhibited the inner filter effect (IFE) of MnO 2 nanosheets, and the Michael addition of acrolein with GSH inhibited the GSH-induced Mn4+ conversion, forming an "off-on-off" fluorescence response of CDs. The developed fluorescent nanoplatform exhibited high sensitivity (LOD was 0.067 μM) and selectivity for the simultaneous detection and removal of acrolein. The combination of CDs-MnO 2 hydrogels with smartphones realized the point-of-care detection of acrolein, yielding satisfactory results (recovery rates varied between 97.01–104.65%, and RSD ranged from 1.42 to 4.16%). Moreover, the capability of the nanoplatform was investigated for on-site evaluating acrolein scavengers' efficacy, demonstrating excellent potential for practical application. [Display omitted] • A novel fluorescent nanoplatform for acrolein detection based on CDs-MnO 2. • Used for all-in-one sensing and removal of acrolein. • Exhibits highly sensitivity and selectivity towards acrolein. • Combined with smartphones for on-site detection of acrolein in food and environment. • Successfully employed for imaging and detection of acrolein in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Pd-SA-Fe 3 O 4 exhibits good superparamagnetism with a particle size of less than 100 nm. • Pd-SA-Fe 3 O 4 shows good catalytic activity for removing organic pollutants through reduction. • Pd-SA-Fe 3 O 4 is recyclable and maintains significant catalytic activity after 5 cycles. Palladium is a metal catalyst with excellent performance, but its application is severely restricted due to low atomic utilization and weak recovery capacity. To address these issues, we prepared a palladium nanocatalyst through a universal nanocatalysts preparation strategy. It has a particle size of less than 100 nm, possesses good superparamagnetism, and its saturation strength is 71.48 emu/g. It demonstrates outstanding catalytic properties in the reduction and decolorization of organic fuels, and the achieving conversion rates are 92 %, 99 %, and 97 % for methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange, respectively. Additionally, it can catalyze the hydrogenation dehalogenation of p-chlorophenol, with a 100 % conversion rate and selectivity. The nanocatalyst shows outstanding recyclability in the test of recyclability. Therefore, our results show that the palladium nanocatalysts have attractive characteristics of simple preparation, excellent catalytic activity and reusability. This work lays the foundation for the preparation of palladium nanocatalysts and their potential applications in areas like environmental pollution treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Nanoplastics as an emerging environmental pollutant. • The qualitative and quantitative methods of Nanoplastics are discussed. • Current technologies to remove Nanoplastics from water environments were classified and compared. • Filtration combined coagulation processes results in removal efficiency above 99 %. • Challenges and perspectives are summarized. Nanoplastics (NPs) with a size of less than 1 µm have received worldwide attention as an emerging environmental pollutant. Because they are easier for organisms to absorb, they pose higher ecological and health risks than microplastics. Natural water is a significant source of nanoplastics in the environment, and it is important for both human and ecosystem health. The analysis of nanoplastics in waters is still lacking reliable and harmonized methods. Most of the studies successfully identified and removed standard reference nanoplastics from environmental samples, but they were unable to quantify nanoplastics from real field samples. Here, we reviewed studies that measured and removed nanoplastics in environmental waters, such as seawater, rivers, drinking water, wastewater, snow, and so on. Pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (py-GC–MS) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy were two common methods for analyzing nanoplastics in real samples. Mass spectrometry methods are time-consuming and cannot analyze the full nanorange due to particle size restrictions. This approach for measuring nanoplastic mass concentration may involve mistakes and require larger sample quantities. Various strategies for removing nanoplastics, including centrifugation, coagulation, filtration, flocculation, and adsorption, were reviewed. The effectiveness of nanoplastic removal is influenced by parameters such as source, size, type, and purification process. The removal efficiency for nanoplastics is 99 % when combined with filtration and coagulation processes. This study provides basic information for future research on the analysis and removal of nanoplastics from water and wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introductions of transboundary animal diseases (TADs) into free-ranging wildlife can be difficult to control and devastating for domestic livestock trade. Combating a new TAD introduction in wildlife with an emergency response requires quickly limiting spread of the disease by intensely removing wild animals within a contiguous area. In the case of African swine fever virus (ASFv) in wild pigs (Sus scrofa), which has been spreading in many regions of the world, there is little information on the time- and cost-efficiency of methods for intensively and consistently culling wild pigs and recovering carcasses in an emergency response scenario. We compared the efficiencies of aerial operations, trapping, experimental toxic baiting, and ground shooting in northcentral Texas, USA during two months in 2023. Culling and recovering carcasses of wild pigs averaged a rate of 0.15 wild pigs/person hour and cost an average of $233.04/wild pig ($USD 2023) across all four methods. Aerial operations required the greatest initial investment but subsequently was the most time- and cost-efficient, costing an average of $7266 to reduce the population by a standard measure of 10 %, including recovering carcasses. Aerial operations required a ground crew of ∼7 people/helicopter to recover carcasses. Costs for reducing the population of wild pigs using trapping were similar, although took 13.5 times longer to accomplish. In cases where carcass recovery and disposal are needed (e.g., response to ASFv), a benefit of trapping was immediate carcass recovery. Toxic baiting was less efficient because both culling and carcass recovery required substantial time. We culled very few wild pigs with ground shooting in this landscape. Our results provide insight on the efficiencies of each removal method. Strategically combining removal methods may increase overall efficiency. Overall, our findings inform the preparation of resources, personnel needs, and deployment readiness for TAD responses involving wild pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ce-BTC synthesized by solvothermal, microwave and cold precipitation techniques. • Ce-BTC produced with straw-sheaf like, spherical and orthorhombic structure. • Ce-BTC (m) with straw-sheaf like, exhibited the highest adsorption capacity. • Onto Ce-BTC (m), maximum capacity was 171.6 mg/g for sulfamethazine and 132.9 mg/g for sulfanilamide. • After 5 recycles, removal efficiency lowered by 15 % for sulfamethazine and 26 % for sulfanilamide. Discharging of "sulfa drugs" as a type of antibiotics in the wastewater, causes dangerous pollution impact for the aquatic system. Subsequently, the treatment of wastewater from "sulfa drugs" is interestingly required. Herein, removal of "sulfamethazine" and "sulfanilamide" as "sulfa drugs" from aqueous media was investigated by Ce-MOF with different morphologies. Ce-benzene tri-carboxylic acid "Ce-BTC" was synthesized by solvo-thermal, microwave and cold precipitation techniques to produce "Ce-BTC" (s) with straw-sheaf like structure, "Ce-BTC" (m) with spherical shaped particles and "Ce-BTC" (p) with orthorhombic structure, respectively. The effect of "Ce-BTC" morphology on the adsorption of "sulfamethazine" and "sulfanilamide" was kinetically and isothermally studied. The adsorption capacity for sulfamethazine was quite higher than that of sulfanilamide and "Ce-BTC" (m) with the spherical shape exhibited the highest adsorption capacity. The measured maximum capacity onto "Ce-BTC" (m) was 171.6 mg/g for sulfamethazine and 132.9 mg/g for sulphanilamide. The maximum capacity of "sulfamethazine" and "sulfanilamide" onto "Ce-BTC" (m) was quite higher than that onto "Ce-BTC" (s) by factor of 1.6 and 1.8, respectively. The prepared "Ce-BTC" (s) showed substantially good recyclability, while the removal efficiency is lowered by 15 % and 26 % for sulfamethazine and sulphanilamide, respectively, after 5 consecutive cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detecting As3+ in urban and industrial wastewater is of paramount importance for maintaining public health. Density functional theory can be utilized to investigate the potential applications of BC 2 N nanosheets in sensing and removing As3+ ions. The findings of the current study confirm that the adsorption of As3+ ions onto the BC 2 N nanosheet significantly reduces the band gap, thereby rendering the nanosheet an exceptional sensing platform for As3+ ions. The BC 2 N nanosheet exhibits the potential to function as both an electronic and φ-type sensor for the detection of toxic As3+ ions. Moreover, this study examines the impact of As3+ ion adsorption on the electronic transport characteristics of the BC 2 N nanosheet through current-voltage and transmission analyses, utilizing a bias voltage ranging from 0 to 2 V. The results of this study provide theoretical evidence supporting the use of pristine BC 2 N nanosheets as a viable substrate for efficient sensing and removal of toxic As3+ ions in practical water treatment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advanced oxidation process (AOPs) is currently the main technique for the removal and treatment of antibiotics in environmental water. Based on the thought of structural design, bismuth vanadate (BiVO 4)-loaded graphitized carbon nitride nanosheet (g-C 3 N 4 -NS) composites have been synthesized using a simple in-situ embedding method. The insertion of BiVO 4 crystals between the lamellar g-C 3 N 4 would significantly increase the specific surface area (51.03 m2 g−1) of the composites as a way expose more active sites and enhance the utilization. Besides, narrower band gap, wider light absorption range, and superior charge separation ability, which could enhance the overall photocatalytic degradation performance of the materials. The removal efficiency of cefixime by the g-C 3 N 4 -NS/BiVO 4 (8:2)/PS (CNB-8/PS) system could reach 96 % after 30 min under simulated sunlight irradiation. In addition, after five cycles of degradation experiments, the removal rate only decreased by 9.5 %, indicating that the materials had good stability, reusability, and environmental utilization value. The catalytic mechanism of the degradation system analyzed, that •O 2 − had the greatest effect on the removal of cefixime. This work provides data support for further development of structurally modified g-C 3 N 4 -based photocatalysts to degrade antibiotics in water. • Bismuth vanadate (BiVO 4)-loaded graphitized carbon nitride nanosheet (g-C 3 N 4 -NS) composites have been synthesized. • The insertion of BiVO 4 between the lamellar g-C 3 N 4 would significantly increase the specific surface area. • The catalytic mechanism of the degradation system was analyzed in detail. • 96% of cefixime could be removed within 30 min under the sunlight and persulfate addition. • The proposed method provided a new, effective and low-cost method for the degradation of antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mercury contamination poses human health as well as ecosystem at significant risks. This study introduces a novel approach for the selective detection with removal of Hg2+ ions from aqueous media by developing a dual functional adsorbent that combines calcium alginate microbeads (FMCAB) with capped cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs). CdS QDs immobilized on calcium alginate microbeads in magnetite facilitated efficient separation from the adsorption system under an external magnetic field. The fluorescence properties of CdS QDs remain largely unaffected before and after adsorption of Hg2+ ions on FMCAB, enabling selective monitoring of these ions. The adsorbent demonstrated a high adsorption capacity of around 160 μg/g and exhibited a quick and effective process. FMCAB evidenced selectivity over the other metal ions with limits of detection 12.9 μM. The results from this research pave the way for novel applications of FMCAB for heavy metal ions sensing probes and its removal. [Display omitted] • Dual-functional adsorbent combines calcium alginate microbeads with CdS QDs. • Magnetite facilitates efficient separation under an external magnetic field. • CdS QD fluorescence unaffected by Hg2+ ion adsorption. • High Hg2+ ion adsorption capacity of approximately 160 μg/g. • Selective detection with a limit of 12.9 μM for Hg2+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technetium (99Tc), a radioactive toxic nuclide produced via nuclear fission in reactors, primarily exists in the form of stable oxidized pertechnetate (99TcO 4 -) in natural aqueous environments, which poses a great threat to environmental safety and human health due to its long half-life and high mobility. Therefore, it is significant to develop functional materials that are efficient and capable of selectively removing 99Tc. Here, a novel anion exchange resin DMHA-CPD was successfully synthesized by functionalizing chloromethylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene (Cl-PS-DVB) microspheres with N,N-dimethylhexylamine (DMHA), a trialkylamine with unequal alkyl chains. The adsorption performance of DMHA-CPD for ReO 4 - (a non-radioactive surrogate for 99TcO 4 -) was evaluated. Static adsorption experiments demonstrated that the resin exhibited high removal efficiency for ReO 4 - over a wide pH range (1.0 ∼ 11.0) and a superior adsorption capacity of 489 mg g−1. Outstandingly, DMHA-CPD performed exceptional selectivity even in the presence of excess competing anions and could remove 98 % of ReO 4 - in the simulated Hanford LAW melter recycle stream. Furthermore, the adsorption process of DMHA-CPD was characterized by endothermic reaction. Additionally, following seven loading-washing-eluting cycles, DMHA-CPD still maintained robust removal performance, with a removal rate of up to 98 %. The adsorption mechanism of DMHA-CPD was elucidated utilizing various characterization methods and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Notably, the facile accessibility of raw materials for DMHA-CPD synthesis, coupled with its straightforward and cost-effective production, as well as its potential for large-scale application, position it as a promising candidate for the practical treatment of 99TcO 4 - in environmental nuclear wastewater. [Display omitted] • A resin DMHA-CPD was successfully synthesized for the removal of ReO 4 - (99TcO 4 -). • A trialkylamine containing unequal alkyl chains as the functionalization reagent. • The DMHA-CPD exhibited high adsorption that could reach 489 mg g−1. • The DMHA-CPD exhibited excellent selectivity for ReO 4 - (99TcO 4 -). • Multiple characterizations and DFT jointly explore the adsorption mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clenbuterol (CLB) is a bronchodilator for treating respiratory disorders. However, the irrational use of CLB in animal feeding can cause serious risks to human health. The development of selective and efficient adsorbent for CLB removal is of great significance. Herein, we report a convenient covalent grafting approach for the fabrication of molecularly imprinted covalent organic framework (COF) for selective adsorption and removal of CLB from environmental water and milk samples. By integrating the merits of both molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and COFs, the molecularly imprinted COFs named BatBt-MIPs (2,5-bis(allyloxy)terephthalohydrazide, Bat; 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde, Bt) presented the alluring traits of large surface area, tailored-made binding sites, uniform pore structure, and good selectivity for CLB. The adsorption equilibrium for CLB on BatBt-MIPs was quickly reached within 20 min and followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. BatBt-MIPs showed a CLB adsorption capacity of 15.45 mg/g, which is about 3.7 times higher than that of non-imprinted COFs (BatBt-NIPs). Compared with BatBt-NIPs, BatBt-MIPs present improved adsorption selectivity for template CLB. Selective removal of CLB from complex environmental water and milk samples on BatBt-MIPs was also realized. This work provided a new covalent grafting approach to construct novel molecularly imprinted COFs and highlighted the great potential of COF-MIPs in contaminants elimination. [Display omitted] • Novel molecularly imprinted BatBt-MIPs was prepared via covalent graft strategy. • BatBt-MIPs exhibited good selectivity for the clenbuterol adsorption and removal. • BatBt-MIPs could effectively remove clenbuterol from water and milk sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A pyrene-based polymeric fluorophore (P1) was developed to detect PCB congeners. • P1 showed high sensitivity and selectivity towards PCB 77 and 126 by turn-on fluorescence. • A polymeric organogel was synthesized for the removal of PCB 77 and 126. • The reusable organogel demonstrated practical applicability in the removal of PCB congeners. Highly toxic hydrophobic polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) pollutants are resistant to degradation, and limited methods are available for their elimination, leading to their long-term persistence in ecosystems, which can harm humans and the environment. Therefore, early detection, removal, and continuous monitoring of PCBs are crucial. In this study, a novel fluorescent polymeric probe (P1) to detect PCB congeners (77, 118, and 126) in water was developed. P1 was synthesized by incorporating N,N' -dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and pyren-1-ylmethyl methacrylate (PyMMA) to form p(DMAA- co -PyMMA). P1 demonstrated high sensitivity toward the most toxic coplanar PCB congeners, 77 and 126, via a fluorescence turn-on mechanism. This sensitivity was attributed to hydrophobic and π–π interactions between the PCBs and PyMMA units of P1. The detection limits for PCB congeners 77 and 126 were determined to be 0.028 and 0.039 mM, respectively. However, PCB 118, a mixed planar congener, exhibited less detection sensitivity than PCB 77 and 126. A porous three-dimensional polymeric organogel (OG) comprising butyl acrylate, PyMMA, and a cross-linker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was synthesized for practical application. The OG selectively removed PCBs compared to other competing pollutants due to the high hydrophobicity of the PCBs, achieving removal rates of 63 % for PCB 77 and 55 % for PCB 126. The large surface area of the OG facilitated enhanced hydrophobic and π-π interactions between the PCBs and pyrene units. This work emphasizes the efficacy of P1 in detecting PCBs and the potential of using OG in eliminating PCBs, offering a viable method for monitoring and remedying PCB-contaminated environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]