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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:30:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-06-01 Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) is a tool widely used in ecology to determine environmental conditions and the potential distribution of species. In this article we assess the potential distribution, tolerance limits and similarity niche of macroalgae epiphytes and hosts from the Cuba marine shelf. Using different methods (BIOCLIM, Gower, Maxent and SVM) we have modelled the niche for each species. The final prediction map of distribution was made using the ensemble prediction technique. The similarity of ENMs was quantified by Schoener D and Hellinger I distance. The predictive power of all models was reasonable, since the values of the area under the curve (AUC) were greater than 0.9. The host macroalgae most closely related to the spatial distribution pattern of potential abundance of epiphytic macroalgae are Stypopodium zonale (Kendall correlation, r2 = 0.886) and Digenea simplex (Kendall correlation, r2 = 0.777). Environmental variables that contributed mostly (30 %) to the ecological niche models were: the average maximum salinity per year (35.5−36 PSU); the average minimum flow velocity per year (0.2 m·s−1) and the average minimum light at ground level per year (10−60 E·m−2·yr−1). The results show that epiphytic macroalgae and their most common hosts are generalist species (niche width 0.8) with high overlap in their niche (Schoener D > 0.7; Hellinger I distance = I > 0.6). Departamento de Biología y Geografía Universidad de Oriente Patricio Lumumba s/n Santiago de Cuba Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Biociências Laboratório de Análise e Síntese em Biodiversidade Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. 24-A, 1515, Bela Vista Centro de Investigaciones Marinas Universidad de La Habana, Calle 16, No. 114, e/ 1ra y 3ra, Miramar Pennine Water Group University of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin Street Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR) Universidad de Cádiz (Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Biociências Laboratório de Análise e Síntese em Biodiversidade Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. 24-A, 1515, Bela Vista

The taxonomic composition and diversity of host and epiphytic macroalgal species are important elements in the structure and diversity of marine ecosystems. In this paper, the current state of knowledge and diversity of epiphytic macroalgae and their hosts in Cuba are determined. A systematic review of the scientific literature published from 1900 to 2018 was carried out. The current status of knowledge, main trends, composition, species richness and diversity in the different habitats and areas of the shelf were determined according to the records. We identified 37 publications dealing with the composition and diversity of epiphytism in macroalgae. The studies are grouped into two periods: the first one begins in 1955 addressing only the taxonomy; and the second one begins after 1989 focused on ecology. The flora of Cuban epiphytic macroalgae and hosts is 131 and 130 species, respectively. Habitats with greater structural complexity possess a greater richness of epiphytes, taxonomic structure and alpha diversity. The distribution patterns of epiphytic richness are influenced by both the sampling bias and the limited approach to epiphytism in phycological studies. The average taxonomic distinction ( Δ + ) expected for the habitats and zones of the Cuban shelf is 82, with 95% confidence limits between 77.21 and 100. Differences in species richness are the component that contributes most significantly to increasing the beta diversity of the epiphytic macroalgae due to the high environmental heterogeneity.

The aim of this study was to carry out a taxonomic survey of red marine benthic algae that occur in the littoral zone of central-southern Cuba. The samplings were performed in the period 2010–2012at 12 stations predominantly in reef environments. A total of 81 taxa were recorded and distributed in 9 orders and 24 families. Ceramiales was the most represented order with 38 taxa, followed by Corallinales with nine taxa. Hypoglossum caloglossoides represents a new record for Cuban benthic marine algae. Forty-nine species of macroalgae are new additions to the flora of reef environments from the central-southern region of Cuba. Sixty species of the region are provided in Figures (2–61). Dichotomaria obtusata was the most common species found. Some species such as Ceramium fujianum, Gloiocladia iyoensis, Griffithsia schousboei var. anastomosans and Dasya ocellata have been found in Cuba only in the central-southern region. Calcified crustose and articulated coralline algae were found to be common in the coral reef locations, while filamentous turfs and fleshy or frondose macroalgae were commonly found in the stations of shallow or intertidal waters. The floristic composition of red marine benthic algae indicates the central-southern coast of Cuban archipelago as a site of elevated species richness and that its coral reef environments are in a status of good health due to prevalence of calcareous coralline macroalgae.

Resumen Introduccion Habitualmente son los miembros de la familia los que asumen los cuidados del paciente con ictus. Los objetivos de este estudio son conocer la sobrecarga del cuidador informal del paciente tras un ictus, y analizar la relacion entre esta sobrecarga y la situacion funcional del paciente. Pacientes y metodo Se incluyeron todos los pacientes ingresados para tratamiento rehabilitador tras un ictus, y dados de alta hospitalaria de julio de 2007 a febrero de 2008. La sobrecarga del cuidador se valoro mediante la Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit, y la situacion funcional del paciente mediante el valor de la Medida de Independencia Funcional (FIM) recogido al alta hospitalaria. Resultados El tiempo medio transcurrido al realizar las encuestas fue de 15 meses (DT 2,07). De los 114 cuidadores que participaron en el estudio, el 78% fueron mujeres. Su edad media fue de 61 anos. El conyuge fue el familiar mas implicado como cuidador (69,2%), seguido de los hijos (20,1%). Se recibio el cuestionario de Zarit de 69 cuidadores, que obtuvo una puntuacion media de 33,62 (DE 17,23). No se hallo correlacion entre el valor FIM y el Zarit (p=0,83). Conclusiones La mayoria de los pacientes con ictus viven en su domicilio, atendidos por un familiar. El cuidador principal habitualmente es una mujer, que experimenta una elevada sobrecarga por los cuidados que presta. El grado de discapacidad del paciente no determina por si solo la sobrecarga experimentada por su cuidador.