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This paper reports a dynamical system with a single nonlinearity. Basic dynamical properties including equilibrium point, phase portrait, frequency spectrum and bifurcation of the new system are investigated theoretically and numerically. A linear feedback scheme is designed based on the Lyapunov theory to stabilize this chaotic system with global exponential convergence. Numerical analyses are implemented to confirm the theoretical scheme.

The exact cause of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) has not been clearly elucidated. Some researchers have recently investigated the relationship between the serum iron level and the incidence of HDP. However, the results are inconsistent, and these data have not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the real association between the serum iron level and the incidence of HDP. We searched for published and ongoing trials in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, the Chinese Biomedical Database, CNKI, and the WANFANG database from January 1990 to May 2015 to identify studies that met our predefined criteria. Finally, 26 studies, including 1 cross-sectional study, 23 case-control studies, and 2 prospective nested case-control studies, including 1349 patients and 1119 control participants, were selected for this meta-analysis. The pooled results show that a high serum iron level increased the incidence of HDP (standard mean deviation [SMD], 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-2.06; P < .0001), especially gestational hypertension (SMD, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.50-5.81; P = .0009) and preeclampsia (SMD, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.76-1.78; P < .0001). No significant difference was seen between the eclampsia groups and the control participants (SMD, 3.34; 95% CI, -0.02 to 6.69; P = .05). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that a high serum iron level is associated with an increased risk of HDP, especially gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.

The present article describes data from systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the efficacy and safety outcomes comparing mini-implants (MIs) and conventional anchorage reinforcement in patients with maximum dentoalveolar protrusion. All relevant RCTs and non-RCTs published up to 2018 were collected from PubMed, Embase and Cochrane database. Thirteen studies assessing the effect of mini-implants were included, of which 4 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 9 observational studies. The efficacy parameters include mesiodistal movements of molars and incisors and vertical movements of molars and incisors. Whereas, the safety parameters were angular and linear measurement of soft tissue change. Subgroup analysis data was provided in terms of patients average age (, Value of the Data • These dataset combines the results of the RCTs and observational (prospective and retrospective) studies assessing the efficacy and safety profile of mini-implants and conventional anchorage reinforcement. • The data contained in the present dataset regarding the treatment outcomes (dental, skeletal and soft tissue changes) among the mini-implants and conventional anchorage devices which had been carried out with multiple study types and at different locations. Hence, these data could be useful to researchers and treating doctors, and benefits in selection of preferred orthodontic anchorage reinforcement in patients with maximum dentoalvelor protrusion. • The dataset generated can provide further insights in future trials assessing effectiveness and safety profile of MIs and conventional anchorage devices for treatment choices. • The method of data collection is through systematic review and meta-analysis. Therefore, the methods described and the data contained in this study can be useful for future trials and meta-analysis.

The reported complexes of [(Me3tacn)M0(CO)3] (Me3tacn = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane; M = W, 1a; Mo, 1b), [(Me3tacn)MII(CO)3I](PF6) (M = W, 2a; Mo, 2b), [(Me3tacn)MVOCl2](PF6) (M = W, 3a; Mo, 3b), and [(Me3tacn)MVIO3]·4H2O (M = W, 4a; Mo, 4b) were synthesized as tungsten and molybdenum precursors according to the works by Wieghardt [20,21,24]. Reaction of 2a with sodium dialkyl dithiocarbamate afforded complexes [(Me3tacn)WII(CO)2(S2CNR2)]I (R = Me, 5a; iPr, 6a). Similar reaction using 2b gave rise to the isolations of complexes [(Me3tacn)MoII(CO)2(S2CNR2)](PF6) (R = Me, 5b; iPr, 6b; nPr, 7). Hydrolysis of 3b in acetonitrile gave a dimeric molybdenum complex [{(Me3tacn)MoVO(OH)}2(μ-O)](PF6)2·2MeCN (8). Treatment of 4b with sodium diisopropyl dithiocarbamate in the presence of HPF6 yielded [(Me3tacn)MoVIO2S] (9), while the similar reaction with S8 powder yielded the oxotetrasulfido complex [(Me3tacn)MoIVO(S4)] (10). All complexes are well characterized by electronic, infrared, and NMR spectroscopies, and the solid-state structures of 1a/b, 2a, 3b, 4a/b, 5a/b, 6a/b, and 7–10 have been also established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical properties of these molybdenum and tungsten complexes were also investigated in the paper.

OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D has anticarcinogenic properties. Vitamin D metabolism-related gene polymorphisms can influence vitamin D levels and its impact on carcinogenesis. This study aimed to explore the independent and combined effects of dietary vitamin D and vitamin D metabolism-related gene polymorphisms on colorectal cancer risk in a Chinese population. METHODS: Incident cases with histologically confirmed colorectal cancer, and sex and age-matched controls were recruited in this ongoing case-control study. Of them, 488 cases and 496 controls were both successfully interviewed and collected blood samples. Vitamin D intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Genotyping was performed for CYP2R1 rs10741657, CYP2R1 rs12794714, CYP24A1 rs6013897, CYP24A1 rs6068816, CYP27B1 rs4646536 and GC rs7041 by using an improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technique. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) after adjusting for various confounders. RESULTS: Higher intake of dietary vitamin D was associated with 47% reduction in colorectal cancer with OR of 0.53 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.82) for the highest quartile (vs. lowest quartile) intake. Compared with persons with CYP24A1 rs6068816 CC genotype, lower risk of colorectal cancer was observed among carriers of TT genotype (OR = 0.57, 95%CI 0.36, 0.89). No significant association was found between CYP2R1 rs10741657, CYP2R1 rs12794714, CYP24A1 rs6013897, CYP27B1 rs4646536, GC rs7041 and colorectal cancer risk. No significant interaction was observed between dietary vitamin D intake and six examined single nucleotide polymorphisms on the risk of colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports a protective effect of high intake of dietary vitamin D on colorectal cancer. CYP24A1 rs6068816 TT genotype was significantly associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer. No interaction was observed between dietary vitamin D intake and six examined single nucleotide polymorphisms in a Chinese population. FUNDING SOURCES: Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No: 2019A1515011931).

Nanoparticles that respond to specific stimulus to achieve controlled release of anticancer drug have been vastly investigated for years. In this study, we focused on the development of low-residue organosilica nanoparticles (OSNPs), which were obtained by introducing biodegradable group into the monomer. DOX was loaded via the hydrophobic interaction between benzene and the drug. The drug release results revealed that the DOX could be fast liberated from the nanoparticles under acidic condition, indicating the high pH-response of the nanoparticles and the fine protection of anticancer drug. And the results of the cell viability showed promising efficiency in cancer therapy. Importantly, supported with the TEM figures and the degradation assessment, the nanoparticles were proved to be disintegrated into low molecular weight residues, rapidly and completely, predicting the possible few remains in vivo.

To increase the efficacy of currently used anti-cancer genotoxins, one of the current efforts is to find agents that can sensitize cancer cells to genotoxins so that the efficacious doses of genotoxins can be lowered to reduce deleterious side-effects. In this study, we reported that a synthetic RasGAP-derived peptide GAP159 could enhance the effect of chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (CDDP) in human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells. Our results showed that GAP159 significantly increased the CDDP-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HCT116 cells. This synergistic effect was associated with the inhibitions of phospho-AKT, phospho-ERK and NF-κB. In mouse colon tumor CT26 animal models, GAP159 combined with CDDP significantly suppressed CT26 tumor growth, and GAP159 alone showed slight inhibitory effect. Our data suggests that co-treatment of GAP159 and chemotherapeutics will become a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancers., Graphical abstract GAP159, a synthetic RasGAP-derived peptide, targets and down-regulates G3BP, enhances cisplatin induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HCT116 cells in vitro and mouse colon tumor CT26 animal models in vivo.

A series of new 1,13-cycloprotoberberine derivatives defined through variations at the 9-position were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicities in human HepG2 (hepatoma), HT1080 (fibrosarcoma) and HCT116 (colon cancer) cells. The preliminary structure−activity relationship (SAR) revealed that the replacement of 9-methoxyl with an ester moiety might significantly enhance the antiproliferative activity in vitro . Notably, compound 7f demonstrated equipotent cytotoxicity activity against breast cancer MCF-7 (parent) and doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/ADrR) cells, indicating a mode of action different from that of DOX. Further mechanism study showed that 7f significantly inhibited activity of DNA topoisomerase I (Top I) and Top II. G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell growth reduction was observed thereafter. Thus, we consider cycloprotoberberine analogues to be a new family of promising antitumor agents with an advantage of inhibiting drug-resistant cancer cells.

Soil harbors remarkably stabilise bacterial communities at the phylum level. However, no two soils have exactly the same structure of bacterial phyla. The structure of microbial community is strongly influenced by the type of land-use through changes in soil attributes. Using high-throughput pyrosequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques, soil microbial community structures were investigated along a land-use gradient of 100- and 27-year farmlands, a 33-year Pinus forest, a 28-year poplar forest, and a 21-year shrubland, as well as a native desert from which all cultivated systems were converted. The results revealed that the dominant phylotypes in the native soil comprised primarily of Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, accounting for > 71.4% of the total bacterial 16S rRNA sequence reads. Changes in land-use led to a significant; decrease in these dominant phylotypes down to 33.4%. In contrast, the phylotypes with low abundance, such as Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospira, and Gammaproteobacteria, increased sharply from 4.5%-5.9% in the native soil to 20.9%-30.2% of the total 16S rRNA gene sequences in the cultivated soils except for the soil from the shrubland. These contrasting changes in the major taxa appear to be correlated with the changes in soil attributes. For instance, bacterial and archaeal amoA genes were found to be 960- and 3800-fold more abundant in the soil from the 100-year farmland than the native soil. The changes in numerically less dominant nitrifying phylotypes are consistent with soil inorganic nitrogen dynamics. Quantification of the 16S rRNA genes demonstrated that bacteria and archaea were about two to three orders of magnitude more abundant in the cultivated soil than in the native soil. Hence, land-use type affects the soil bacterial community structure, which has profound consequences on ecosystem function.

Background Radical cystectomy (RC) with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is the standard treatment for muscle-invasive and high-risk non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BCa). Large series with long-term oncologic data after laparoscopic RC (LRC) are rare. Objective To report oncologic outcomes of LRC for 171 cases with a median 3-yr follow-up. Design, setting, and participants From December 2002 to June 2009, 171 consecutive patients with BCa who underwent LRC with orthotopic ileal neobladder (OIN) at our institution were enrolled in this retrospective study. Intervention All patients underwent LRC OIN. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to patients with non–organ-confined disease or positive lymph nodes. Measurements The demographic, perioperative, complication, pathologic, and survival data were collected and analysed. Results and limitations Most tumours were transitional cell carcinoma (TCC; 160, 93.6%). Tumours were organ confined in 113 patients (pT1–T2; 66.1%) and non–organ confined in 58 patients (pT3–T4a; 33.9%). There was involvement of the lymph nodes in 38 patients (22.2%). Surgical margins were all tumour free. The mean number of removed lymph nodes was 16 (5–46). Follow-up ranged from 3 to 83 mo, and 54 (31.6%) patients completed 5-yr follow-up. Two patients (1.2%) had local recurrence and distant metastasis, 9 patients (5.3%) had local recurrence alone, and 23 patients (13.5%) had distant metastasis. One patient (0.6%) had port-site seeding. One hundred twenty-four patients (72.5%) were alive with no evidence of recurrence; 28 patients (16.4%) died, 20 from metastasis and 8 from tumour-unrelated causes. The estimated 5-yr overall survival, cancer-specific survival, and recurrence-free survival rates were 73.7%, 81.3%, and 72.6%, respectively. The relatively low percentage of patients reaching 5-yr follow-up is a limitation of this retrospective study. Conclusions Surgical technique of LRC with OIN can achieve the established oncologic criteria of open surgery, and our oncologic outcome is encouraging. Long-term follow-up is needed for further confirmation.

Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) are capable of multi-lineage differentiation. Co-culture of stem cells with mature cells or tissues can drive their differentiation toward required lineages. We investigated whether direct cell-to-cell contact between hASCs and human UCs, or soluble signaling molecules, could induce the differentiation of hASCs into urothelium-like cells in vitro. hASCs were isolated from human subcutaneous adipose tissue and amplified in vitro. After labeled by green fluorescent protein, hASCs were cultured with human UCs in direct co-culture, indirect co-culture and conditioned culture, respectively. Two weeks later, expressions of specific urothelial differentiation markers were analyzed by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. We found that hASCs in direct co-culture expressed urothelial-specific genes uroplakin Ib, uroplakin II and cytokeratin 18. However, uroplakin III gene was not detected during the experimental period. Additionally, uroplakin Ib and cytokeratin 18 were observed in differentiated hASCs by immunofluorescence. Notably, none of these markers were detected in hASCs cultured in indirect co-culture and conditioned culture. These findings suggest that direct cell-to-cell contact between hASCs and human UCs can induce the differentiation of hASCs along urothelial lineage.

A theoretical method for studying the inter-relation between electronic and molecular structure has been proposed based on the complete energy matrices for a d(3) configuration ion in a tetragonal ligand-field. By means of this method, the local structure for Cr(3+) ion doped in oxides TiO(2) (anatase) and MgO has been determined. The calculated results indicate that the local structure of the (CrO(6))(9-) cluster in TiO(2):Cr(3+) and MgO:Cr(3+) systems exists as a compressed distortion relative to the regular octahedron. Meanwhile, the dependence of the EPR zero-field splitting parameter D on the local structure parameter Delta R (Delta R = R(1)-R(2)) has been revealed. In addition, the relation between the EPR g-factors (g(II),g(perpendicular to),Delta g) and the orbit reduction factor k has been discussed for the two systems, suggesting that the orbit reduction factor k is very important to understand the EPR g-factors. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

article i nfo Introduction: A number of RCTs have examined the role of soy isoflavones on bone mineral density (BMD) and yielded inconsistent results. This meta-analyses aims to assess the overall effect of soy isoflavones on BMD. Methods:We searched forall articles published inEnglish fromJanuary 1990 toMarch, 2008. We included RCTs of soy isoflavone supplementation in women of at least one year duration. The main outcomes were BMD changes from baseline at the lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck. Results:We identified 10 eligible RCTs containing 896 women.A mean dose of 87 mg soyisoflavonesforat least one year did not significantlyaffect BMD changes. The mean (95%CI) differences in BMD changes (in mg/cm 2 / year) were 4.1 (−1.6, 9.8) (0.4%) at the lumbar spine, −1.5 (−7.2, 4.3) (−0.3%) at the femoral neck under random-effects model, and 2.5 (−0.5, 5.4) (0.2%) at the total hip by fix-effects model, respectively. Similar results were obtained in subgroup analyses by isoflavone sources (soy protein vs. isoflavone extract), ethnic differences (Asian vs. Western). Larger dose (≥80 mg/d), but not lower dose (b80 mg/d), of isoflavone intervention tended to have a weak beneficial effect on spine BMD (p=0.08 vs. p=0.94). Conclusions: Soy isoflavone supplementation is unlikely to have significant favorable on BMD at the lumbar spine and hip in women.

A theoretical method for studying the local properties about Ni(2+) ion in a trigonal ligand-field has been proposed by diagonalizing the complete energy matrix and considering the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters D and g. For nickel-doped ZnSiF(6) center dot 6H(2)O and ZnSiF(6) center dot 6D(2)O systems, the local lattice distortion and local angular thermal expansion coefficient have been investigated at various temperatures. The calculated results indicate that the local structure around octahedral Ni(2+) centre has a compression distortion in the two systems. Moreover, the temperature dependence of the local angular thermal expansion coefficient has also been analysed. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

For a d(8) configuration ion, the 45 x 45 complete energy matrix, which contains the electron-electron repulsion interaction, the ligand-field interaction, the spin-orbit coupling interaction as well as the Zeeman interaction, has been established. By diagonalizing the complete energy matrix, the local lattice structure, EPR parameters (D, g(parallel to), g(perpendicular to)) and optical absorption spectra for Ni2+ ions doped in LiNbO3 and Al2O3 have been investigated. The local structure distortion parameters Delta R, Delta theta(1) and Delta theta(2) are determined for LiNbO3:Ni2+ and Al2O3:Ni2+ systems, simultaneously. These results show that local structure of (NiO6)(10-) cluster exhibits an elongation distortion in both LiNbO3:Ni2+ and Al2O3:Ni2+ systems, in spite of the different reasons of the elongation in both systems. In addition, we have found that the orbit reduction effect is very important to understand the anisotropic g-factors for Ni2+ ions doped in LiNbO3 and Al2O3 crystals. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Objective To investigate association of psychosocial factors with anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients. Methods Three hundred and four type 2 diabetes patients were inquired with a structured questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics, psychological stress, coping styles, social support, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the association of these psychosocial factors with anxiety and depressive symptoms after controlling for potential confounding factors of sex, age, educational level, etc. Results After adjusting for the potential confounding factors, multiple stepwise regression analysis found that anxiety symptoms were significantly positively associated with “worrying about to be harmed by the disease”, “social/family crisis caused by the disease”, “worrying about declining in body/physical function”, “declined economic condition caused by the disease” and “negative coping styles”; and depression symptoms were significantly positively associated with “worrying about to be harmed by the disease”, “worrying about declining in body/physical function”, “social/family crisis caused by the disease”, “declined economic condition”, “negative coping styles”, but negatively with “active coping styles” and “subjective social support”. Conclusion Our findings show that perceived stress from disease, coping styles, social support are the independent determinants of anxiety and depressive symptoms among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Using the method of algebraic dynamics, we investigate the h omega(4) non-autonomous quantum system, which is formed by a single molecule within a harmonic potential driven by laser radiation field and obtain the exact solutions of the system. Based on the exact solutions, in particular on the features of the diabatic energy levels, then we proceed to studying the geometric phase of the system. From the above results, we may determine the vibration frequency of the molecule by measuring the changes in the properties of geometric phase. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Objective. To identify modifiable family and school environmental factors associated with Chinese adolescent smoking behaviors including never-smoking, experimental smoking, regular smoking, and attempting to quit. Methods. A cross-sectional survey using self-reported questionnaires was conducted in Huangpu, Guangzhou in December of 2004. A total of 3957 pupils agreed to complete the questionnaires. The prevalence odds ratio (risk) of experimental smoking was compared to never-smoking, adjusting for gender and age in unconditional logistic regression analysis. The risk of regular smoking was compared to experimental smoking, and the risk of attempting quitting was analyzed in regular smokers. Results. The cigarette smoking of peers, mothers, fathers, brothers, and supervising teachers, passive smoking, and seeing someone smoking on campus increased the risk of experimental smoking vs. nonsmoking, while no-smoking signs, perceived anti-tobacco atmosphere in school, and being taught smoking-related health knowledge decreased the risk. The factors associated with regular smoking compared to experimental smoking included the smoking of peers, brothers, fathers and supervising teachers, teacher's tolerance, and passive smoking. Being taught smoking-related knowledge, perceived anti-tobacco atmosphere and no-smoking signs in school were positively associated with regular smoker's attempt to quit, while supervising teacher's smoking, parents' and teachers' tolerance could delay it. Conclusions. These modifiable family and school environmental factors as well as their interaction with gender and age should be highly considered in adolescent smoking prevention in China.

Local lattice structure distortion study of octahedral Fe3+ center in garnets Ca3M2Ge3O12 (M = At, Ga, Sc, In, Lu) has been performed systematically based on the diagonalization of the complete energy matrices of the electron-electron repulsion, the spin-orbit coupling and the trigonal ligand-field interaction for a d(5) configuration ion in a trigonal ligand field. From the EPR calculation, the local structure distortion parameters Delta R and Delta 0 are determined, respectively. These results illuminate a microscopic origin of various ligand field parameters used empirically for the interpretation of electron paramagnetic resonance experiments. It is found that the theoretical results of the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra for Fe3+ center in garnets Ca3M2Ge3O12 (M = Al, Ga, Sc, In, Lu) are in good agreement with the experimental findings. Although the local lattice structures around the M3+ (NI At, Ga, Sc, In, Lu) ions are obviously different, the local lattice structures around the dopants are rather similar. Moreover, it is noted that the empirical impurity-ligand distance R approximate to R-H + 1/2 (r(i) - r(h)) is not suitable for Fe3+ in garnets Ca3M2Ge3O12 (M = Al, Ga, Sc, In, Lu). (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.