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Wound healing is a complex pathway that is energy dependent. Nonhealing wounds frequently require the use of physical modalities to achieve healing. There is much debate over which treatment modality to use, with varying clinical results in the literature. This review paper describes a common biochemical pathway that helps the clinician understand, at a molecular level, how the transference of energy to a wound can result in positive clinical results. The mechanisms of action for ultraviolet light, electrical stimulation, and ultrasound are reviewed along with a proposed biochemical roadmap. An emphasis on protein biochemistry is supported with an extensive review of the literature.

Macro imaging systems with fields of view of tens of centimeters across are required for the whole body imaging of plants and small animals, but rarely have such systems been able to deliver molecular level information. We present a novel advancement to camera and lamp based macro imaging systems which introduces the capability of steady state anisotropy imaging. Our new fluorescence anisotropy macro imaging (FAMI) system provides the capability of rapidly and easily measuring molecular mobility both in-vitro and in-vivo. We show that the read-out on in-vitro assays can be highly quantitative. We also used FAMI to non-invasively examine the effects of temperature on live plants carrying fluorescent probes. The results indicate that low temperatures increase the internal viscosity of plants, and that the degree of increase is related to the anatomy of the plants. Our finding on plants verifies the results of others which showed that temperature and the water consumption of plant tissue are positively correlated and dependent on the tissue type. We also discuss further applications of FAMI to Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based sensors in assays and live animals.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 373 (2008) 179 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ybbrc Erratum Erratum to ‘‘Genetically encoded probe for fluorescence lifetime imaging of CaMKII activity” [Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 369 (2008) 519–525] Showming Kwok a , Claudia Lee b , Susana A. Sanchez b , Theodore L. Hazlett b , Enrico Gratton b , Yasunori Hayashi a, * a RIKEN-MIT Neuroscience Research Center, The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 46-4243A, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA b Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3120 Natural Sciences II, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2715, USA Due to a printer’s error, Fig. 1A did not reproduce well in the printed issue. For the reader’s convenience, Fig. 1 is provided here. Fluorescence (AU) A Venus/CFP mRFP/GFP 2 - T305D/T306D mRFP/GFP GFP/mRFP Before Ca 2+ + EGTA Wavelength (nm) Ca 2+ EGTA Ca 2+ Ca 2+ EGTA EGTA EGTA n=3 Time (min) D mRFP/GFP n=3 Donor Acceptor n=3 n=6 C Ca 2+ 25 min 10 μm GFP fluorescence (AU) Fluorescence (AU) B 4Br-A23187 n=5 Time (min) Fig. 1. mRFP/GFP-Camui showed a significant dequenching upon stimulation. (A) The emission spectra of the Venus/CFP-Camui, mRFP/GFP-Camui, mRFP/GFP-Camui with T305D/T306D mutations and GFP/mRFP-Camui made with the HEK293T cell lysate expressing each construct before, 3 min after the addition of 1 mM Ca 2+ , and 3 min after the addition of 1.5 mM EGTA, at the donor specific excitation. The expected positions of acceptor peaks are shown by downward arrows. A 10-fold magnification of the mRFP emission peak is shown in the inset for mRFP/GFP-Camui. (B) A plot of donor and acceptor peak intensity over time, normalized by the donor peak intensity before application of Ca 2+ . The response was monitored every 1 min (C). GFP fluorescence image of HEK293T cells expressing mRFP/GFP-Camui. (D) A summary of GFP fluorescence intensity in HEK293T cells. Intensity was normalized to the average intensity prior to stimulation for each cell. The error bars are SEM. DOI of original article: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.070 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: yhayashi@mit.edu (Y. Hayashi). 0006-291X/$ - see front matter O 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.05.109