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Essential oils are characterized by their potency as anti-pathogens and anti-oxidants. However, there is a limitation in the application due to uncontrollable release. Therefore, this approach is focused on designing mesoporous composite for temperature-controlled release of essential oils. Mesoporous composite namely zeolitic imidazole frameworks@microcrystalline cellulose (ZIF@MCC), was successfully synthesized by the immediate growth of ZIF based on Zn and Co separately within MCC matrix. The estimated masses of ZIF within MCC were 263.4 – 296.3 g/kg. Orthorhombic dodecahedron crystalline ZIFs in micro size was massively covered MCC fibrils. Release of thyme and cumin as two essential oils, from mesoporous ZIF@MCC composites was investigated at different temperatures. After 5 days, the release of essential oils were significantly slowed down to be 49.3 – 119.7 mg/g (18.5 – 44.9 %) for ZIF@MCC composites compared to 248.0 – 265.7 mg/g (93.0 – 99.6 %) for MCC. Elevation of temperature was accompanied by slight faster release attributing to the ease liberation of essential oils by heating. Releasing mechanism of essential oils is mainly supposed due to combination between physical in principle as a solute diffusion and chemical processing’s in small relevant.

The chemical compositions of macroalgae are protein; cholesterol, fatty acid, and lignin which mostly construct from hydroxyl and amine groups. The lignin as a key structure in the tissues of macroalgae was modified using the sulfation pathway. A novel environmental friendly adsorbent Cu-BTC@Algal was synthesized by incorporated Cu-BTC nanoparticles onto sulphated-Macroalgae biomass under solvothermal conditions and characterized by XRD, FTIR, and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms. The removal rate of Cu-BTC@Algal was quite greater than that of Cu-BTC, showing that the adsorption performance of porous Cu-BTC can be improved through the modification of algal. Further study revealed that Cu-BTC@Algal exhibited a fast adsorption rate and selective adsorption ability towards the cationic dyes in aqueous solution. The removal rate was up to 97% for cationic dyes methylene blue (MB) and 68% for methyl orange (MO) at intervals 10 min. The influences including initial concentration, and contact time of MB/MO adsorption onto modified algal biomass, Cu-BTC and Cu-BTC@Algal were investigated in detail. The kinetic study indicated that the adsorption of MB/MO onto Cu-BTC@Algal followed the pseudo second-order model. The isotherm obtained from experimental data fitted the Langmuir model, yielding maximum adsorption capacity of 42, 73 and 162 mg g−1 for algal, Cu-BTC and Cu-BTC@Algal, respectively.

Nitazoxanide is an antimicrobial compound that was originally developed as an antiprotozoal drug. Recently nitazoxanide has been identified as broad-spectrum antiviral agent and redirected for the remediation of some respiratory tract viral infections. In this study, the spectrofluorimetric technique has been applied to determine Nitazoxanide (NTX) in tablets or its metabolite, tizoxanide (TZD), in human urine samples. The developed methodology is based on oxidizing NTX (non-fluorescence) into a highly fluorescent product by sodium hypochlorite. The fluorescence emission intensity was measured at 436.5 nm after fluorescence excitation at 362.5 nm. After optimizing all conditions, the analytical procedures and bio-analytical steps were evaluated and validated using ICH and FDA criteria, respectively. The method linearity, LOQ, and LOD values of NTX were 1.0-5.0 µg/mL, 0.434, and 0.143 µg/mL, respectively. The other novelty side of the presented work is the application of cobalt ferrite (CoFe

Owing to their persistent nature, pharmaceutical products (PPs) are emerging as potent water pollutants. Here, experimental and data-driven modeling, specifically multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networking and gene expression programming (GEP), was employed to predict the removal of the most common antihypertensive and antibiotic drugs, namely propranolol and trimethoprim, from reclaimed water (RW) through a managed aquifer recharge system (MARS). The characteristics of RW and soil used as the column medium, including operating time (days); pH; dissolved organic carbon; electrical conductivity; and concentration of nitrogen dioxide, nitrate, sulfate, ferrous, chloride, and manganese, were included as the input parameters and removal of the selected PPs as the model output. A dataset was created through an experimental study conducted over a year of continuous operation of MARS to predict the removal of the selected PPs. MLP and GEP models were developed for one of the selected PPs and tested for the other to determine model reliability. The developed models were assessed using statistical performance matrices. The experimental results showed over 80% propranolol and trimethoprim removal from RW through MARS. The proposed GEP predictive models for propranolol and trimethoprim removal showed higher accuracy (R2 = 0.91 and 0.87, respectively) than the MLP models (R2 = 0.827 and 0.756, respectively). Therefore, the proposed GEP models provide better predictions and mathematical relationships for future studies. Thus, data-driven machine learning models can predict the removal of specific PPs from RW through MARS and minimize the experimental workload.

In this work, the effects of magnetic fields on the refractive index profiles and induced birefringence of polystyrene/MgFe2O4 nanoparticles (15 nm) solutions and thin films were investigated. Both the refractive index and the induced birefringence profiles of the solutions and thin films were investigated as a function of the applied magnetic field strength using the digital two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometric method. Image processing algorithm, based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, was applied to extract the optical phase differences of the recorded micro-interferograms for all samples under investigation. Then the refractive index and birefringence profiles are calculated. A good correlation between the applied magnetic field and the change of refractive index (Δn) was obtained (R2 ~ 0.94). This could be useful for electric energy storage sensors based on the magneto-optical properties of polystyrene/MgFe2O4 solutions and thin films.

The present study describes the detailed investigations of the solubilization of thiophene derivatives i.e. 5-(2-(benzyloxy) phenyl) thiophene-2-sulfonamide (BPTS) and 5-bromothiophene-2-sulfonamide (BTS) by micellar solution of anionic surfactant, Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The interaction of SDS in the solution containing aforementioned compounds was investigated by electrical conductivity and UV–vis spectroscopy. The data of electrical conductivity was used to calculate thermodynamic parameters like free energy (ΔGm), enthalpy (ΔHm) and entropy (ΔSm) of micellization of SDS in the presence of thiophenes, whereas UV–vis spectroscopy was used to calculate the extent of solubilization in term of partition coefficient (Kx), free energy of partition (ΔGp), binding constant (Kb) and free energy of binding (ΔGb). The experimental results from thermodynamic parameters reveal that the solubilization of said thiophene derivatives was spontaneous, in addition to enthalpy and entropy driven. The large molecular size, aromatic nature with extensive delocalization and less charge density of BPTS was found to have a negative impact on solubilization of this compound, which was observed from poor binding capacity and inadequate partitioning displayed by this compound.

To investigate the nature of 3d-4f exchange interactions in III-Nitride semiconductors, Ti-Ce co-doped AlN were studied using first principles calculations. The calculations were performed using supercell approach with varying dopant concentration and different inter-dopant separation. The configuration with dopant located as nearest neighbor distance and diluted concentration of 3.125% was found most stable. The results exhibited prominent evidence of 3d-4f-5d strong hybridization suggesting 3d-4f direct exchange interactions which may play valuable role to exploit the system as high Curie temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors for use in spintronics. Moreover, metal to metal charge transfer was also observed in the materials which may be exploited for their use in electrochemical applications. The 4f-5d and 3d-5d hybridizations were observed that predicts excellent luminescence phenomena in the materials. The presence of impurity related deep intermediate bands suggest applications of the materials in opto-electronic and spintronics devices.