8 results on '"Flavio, Dell'Acqua"'
Search Results
2. The role of the frontal aslant tract and premotor connections in visually guided hand movements
- Author
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Diego Miotto, Sanja Budisavljevic, Vera Djordjilović, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Umberto Castiello, and Raffaella Motta
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Male ,Grasping ,Hand movements ,Premotor connections ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neural Pathways ,visuomotor processing ,Brain Mapping ,Hand Strength ,Diffusion imaging tractography ,Frontal aslant tract ,Reaching ,Visuomotor processing ,Visually guided ,05 social sciences ,Motor Cortex ,Anatomy ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,White Matter ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Frontal Lobe ,Neurology ,Frontal lobe ,Cortical control ,Female ,Psychology ,Tractography ,Settore M-PSI/01 - Psicologia Generale ,Adult ,Movement ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,grasping ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,050105 experimental psychology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Secondary Motor Areas ,Functional neuroimaging ,Humans ,Middle frontal gyrus ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,premotor connections ,Hand ,reaching ,Psychomotor Performance ,diffusion imaging tractography ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Functional neuroimaging and brain lesion studies demonstrate that secondary motor areas of the frontal lobe play a crucial role in the cortical control of hand movements. However, no study so far has examined frontal white matter connections of the secondary motor network, namely the frontal aslant tract, connecting the supplementary motor complex and the posterior inferior frontal regions, and the U-shaped dorsal and ventral premotor fibers running through the middle frontal gyrus. The aim of the current study is to explore the involvement of the short frontal lobe connections in reaching and reach-to-grasp movements in 32 right-handed healthy subjects by correlating tractography data based on spherical deconvolution approach with kinematical data. We showed that individual differences in the microstructure of the bilateral frontal aslant tract, bilateral ventral and left dorsal premotor tracts were associated with kinematic features of hand actions. Furthermore, bilateral ventral premotor connections were also involved in the closing grip phase necessary for determining efficient and stable grasping of the target object. This work suggests for the first time that hand kinematics and visuomotor processing are associated with the anatomy of the short frontal lobe connections.
- Published
- 2017
3. Emotional detachment in psychopathy: Involvement of dorsal default-mode connections
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Eva Periche Thomas, Sarah Gregory, Arjun Sethi, Michael C. Craig, Declan G. Murphy, Andrew Simmons, Nigel Blackwood, Flavio Dell'Acqua, and Sheilagh Hodgins
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Adult ,Male ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Psychopathy ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Gyrus Cinguli ,Developmental psychology ,White matter ,Neural Pathways ,Fractional anisotropy ,medicine ,Humans ,Cingulum (brain) ,Default mode network ,Brain Mapping ,Psychopathy Checklist ,Brain ,Antisocial Personality Disorder ,Criminals ,Middle Aged ,Amygdala ,Emotional detachment ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Object Attachment ,White Matter ,Temporal Lobe ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Case-Control Studies ,Posterior cingulate ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Criminal psychopathy is defined by emotional detachment [Psychopathy Checklist – Revised (PCL-R) factor 1], and antisocial behaviour (PCL-R factor 2). Previous work has associated antisocial behaviour in psychopathy with abnormalities in a ventral temporo-amygdala-orbitofrontal network. However, little is known of the neural correlates of emotional detachment. Imaging studies have indicated that the ‘default-mode network’ (DMN), and in particular its dorsomedial (medial prefrontal – posterior cingulate) component, contributes to affective and social processing in healthy individuals. Furthermore, recent work suggests that this network may be implicated in psychopathy. However, no research has examined the relationship between psychopathy, emotional detachment, and the white matter underpinning the DMN. We therefore used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography in 13 offenders with psychopathy and 13 non-offenders to investigate the relationship between emotional detachment and the microstructure of white matter connections within the DMN. These included the dorsal cingulum (containing the medial prefrontal – posterior cingulate connections of the DMN), and the ventral cingulum (containing the posterior cingulate – medial temporal connections of the DMN). We found that fractional anisotropy (FA) was reduced in the left dorsal cingulum in the psychopathy group (p = .024). Moreover, within this group, emotional detachment was negatively correlated with FA in this tract portion bilaterally (left: r = −.61, p = .026; right: r = −.62, p = .023). These results suggest the importance of the dorsal DMN in the emotional detachment observed in individuals with psychopathy. We propose a ‘dual-network’ model of white matter abnormalities in the disorder, which incorporates these with previous findings.
- Published
- 2015
4. Connectomic approaches before the connectome
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Marco Catani, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, and David Slater
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Models, Anatomic ,Cognitive science ,Structure (mathematical logic) ,Microscopy ,business.industry ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Models, Neurological ,Brain ,Physiological Concepts ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,Neurology ,Connectome ,Humans ,Intellect ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Psychology ,Function (engineering) ,TRACE (psycholinguistics) ,media_common - Abstract
Connectome is a term with a short history but a long past. Since the origins of neuroscience the concept of a 'map of neural connections' has been a constant inspiring idea for those who believed the brain as the organ of intellect. A myriad of proto-connectome maps have been produced throughout the centuries, each one reflecting the theory and method of investigation that prevailed at the time. Even contemporary definitions of the connectome rest upon the formulation of a neuronal theory that has been proposed over a hundred years ago. So, what is new? In this article we attempt to trace the development of certain anatomical and physiological concepts at the origins of modern definitions of the connectome. We argue that compared to previous attempts current connectomic approaches benefit from a wealth of imaging methods that in part could justify the enthusiasm for finally succeeding in achieving the goal. One of the unique advantages of contemporary approaches is the possibility of using quantitative methods to define measures of connectivity where structure, function and behaviour are integrated and correlated. We also argue that many contemporary maps are inaccurate surrogates of the true anatomy and a comprehensive connectome of the human brain remains a far distant point in the history to come.
- Published
- 2013
5. Beyond cortical localization in clinico-anatomical correlation
- Author
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Stephanie J. Forkel, Marco Catani, Andrew Simmons, Declan G. Murphy, Steve C.R. Williams, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, Alberto Bizzi, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Natbrainlab, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of psychiatry-King‘s College London, Department of Neuroimaging, Neuroradiology Unit, Istituto Clinico Humanitas [Milan] (IRCCS Milan), Humanitas University [Milan] (Hunimed)-Humanitas University [Milan] (Hunimed), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Thiebaut De Schotten, Michel
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Cognitive Neuroscience ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Brain mapping ,050105 experimental psychology ,White matter ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neural Pathways ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Brain Mapping ,05 social sciences ,Brain ,Hyperintensity ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Group analysis ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Speech disorder ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Diffusion MRI ,Tractography - Abstract
International audience; Last year was the 150th anniversary of Paul Broca's landmark case report on speech disorder that paved the way for subsequent studies of cortical localization of higher cognitive functions. However, many complex functions rely on the activity of distributed networks rather than single cortical areas. Hence, it is important to understand how brain regions are linked within large-scale networks and to map lesions onto connecting white matter tracts. To facilitate this network approach we provide a synopsis of classical neurological syndromes associated with frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal and limbic lesions. A review of tractography studies in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders is also included. The synopsis is accompanied by a new atlas of the human white matter connections based on diffusion tensor tractography freely downloadable on http://www.natbrainlab.com. Clinicians can use the maps to accurately identify the tract affected by lesions visible on conventional CT or MRI. The atlas will also assist researchers to interpret their group analysis results. We hope that the synopsis and the atlas by allowing a precise localization of white matter lesions and associated symptoms will facilitate future work on the functional correlates of human neural networks as derived from the study of clinical populations. Our goal is to stimulate clinicians to develop a critical approach to clinico-anatomical correlative studies and broaden their view of clinical anatomy beyond the cortical surface in order to encompass the dysfunction related to connecting pathways.
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- 2012
6. Atlasing location, asymmetry and inter-subject variability of white matter tracts in the human brain with MR diffusion tractography
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Marco Catani, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, Declan G. Murphy, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Muriel Walshe, Steven Williams, Matthew Allin, Robin M. Murray, Dominic Ffytche, and Alberto Bizzi
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Male ,Adolescent ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Functional Laterality ,050105 experimental psychology ,Lateralization of brain function ,White matter ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuroimaging ,Fasciculus ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Arcuate fasciculus ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,10. No inequality ,Observer Variation ,Brain Mapping ,biology ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus ,Brain ,Anatomy ,biology.organism_classification ,Frontal Lobe ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Neurology ,Postmortem Changes ,Corticospinal tract ,Anisotropy ,Brain Damage, Chronic ,Female ,Psychology ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,psychological phenomena and processes ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Tractography ,Diffusion MRI - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to create a white matter atlas of the human brain using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography and to describe the constant and variable features of the major pathways. DTI was acquired from 40 healthy right-handed adults and reconstructed tracts mapped within a common reference space (MNI). Group effect maps of each tract defined constant anatomical features while overlap maps were generated to study inter-subject variability and to compare DTI derived anatomy with a histological atlas. Two patients were studied to assess the localizing validity of the atlas. The DTI-derived maps are overall consistent with a previously published histological atlas. A statistically significant leftward asymmetry was found for the volume and number of streamlines of the cortico-spinal tract and the direct connections between Broca's and Wernicke's territories (long segment). A statistically significant rightward asymmetry was found for the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and the fronto-parietal connections (anterior segment) of the arcuate fasciculus. Furthermore, males showed a left lateralization of the fronto-temporal segment of the arcuate fasciculus (long segment), while females had a more bilateral distribution. In two patients with brain lesions, DTI was acquired and tractography used to show that the tracts affected by the lesions were correctly identified by the atlas. This study suggests that DTI-derived maps can be used together with a previous histological atlas to establish the relationship of focal lesions with nearby tracts and improve clinico-anatomical correlation.
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- 2011
7. Poster #M61 AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS IN FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS: A LONGITUDINAL DTI STUDY OF THE ARCUATE FASCICULUS
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Marta DiForti, Anthony S. David, Francisco Marques-Teixeira, Paola Dazzan, Andrew Simmons, Robin M. Murray, Tiago Reis Marques, Aurora Falcone, Heather Taylor, and Flavio Dell'Acqua
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,First episode psychosis ,medicine ,Arcuate fasciculus ,Psychiatry ,Psychology ,Biological Psychiatry - Published
- 2014
8. WHITE MATTER TRACTS AS PREDICTORS OF TREATMENT OUTCOME
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Tiago Reis Marques, P. Dazzan, Heather Taylor, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Andrew Simmons, and Robin M. Murray
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White matter ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Treatment outcome ,medicine ,business ,Biological Psychiatry - Published
- 2010
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