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Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered one of the important sources of aquatic/terrestrial microplastic (MP) pollution. Therefore, the abundance and properties of MPs in the wastewater and sludge of an urban WWTP in Bursa Turkey were investigated. The amount, properties, and removal of MPs were evaluated. The results showed that the average abundance of MPs was 135.3 ± 28.0 n/L in the influent and 8.5 ± 4.7 n/L in the effluent, with a 93.7% removal rate, MP was removed and transferred to the sludge. The daily MP amount released in the aquatic environment is calculated as 525 million MPs, and the annual amount is 1.9 × 10

Regeneration studies of wastewater effluent from an organized industrial district (OID) for possible reuse in textile industry as process water was investigated. Advanced treatment methods including Fenton process, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) coagulation and ion exchange were applied on OID effluent. In Fenton process removal efficiencies for suspended solids (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), SAC(436) (spectral absorption coefficient), SAC(525) and SAC(620) were determined 61%, 36%, 35%, 49% and 67%, respectively. After Fenton process, wastewater samples were coagulated with PAC. Optimum removal efficiencies for SS, COD, Fe ion, SAC(436), SAC(525) and SAC(620) were determined 83%, 18%, 93%, 32%, 36% and 58%, respectively. Ion exchange experiments were conducted on chemically coagulated wastewater samples to improve the quality of wastewater. Optimum dosage of resins was determined. The experiments revealed that 1:1 resin ratio (20 mL H-type resin:20 mL OH-type resin) gave the best removal rates for the parameters considered in this study. Study results indicated that quality of the wastewater was suitable for the process water characteristics of textile industry and unit wastewater treatment cost was determined as 2.54 is an element of/m(3).

Treatment studies on the effluents originating from an organized industrial district (OID) wastewater treatment plant were investigated. Wastewater samples were taken from an OID where most of industries consist of textile producers having mainly dying and finishing processes. Chemical precipitation and ion exchange methods were applied to the samples in the lab conditions. Optimum removal efficiencies were determined based on the applications of different chemical species and pH. Ca(OH) 2 at pH 11 has provided the maximum removal efficiency in chemical precipitation experiments. In the experiments, removal efficiencies for TSS, COD, Fe, SAC 436 (spectral absorption coefficient), SAC 525 and SAC 620 were 96%, 27%, 94%, 75%, 88% and 90%, respectively. After chemical precipitation, ion exchange experiments were conducted to improve the quality of wastewater. Optimum dosage and resin type were determined. The experiments revealed that resin I gave the best removal rates for the parameters considered in this study. Study results indicated that the quality of the treated wastewater reached the suggested process water limits of the textile industry.