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182 results on '"Koppitz A"'

2. Crystallization behavior of BaO–CaO–SiO2–B2O3 glass sealant and adjusting its thermal properties for oxygen transport membrane joining application

Author

Li, Xinfang, primary, Yazhenskikh, Elena, additional, Groß-Barsnick, Sonja M., additional, Baumann, Stefan, additional, Behr, Patrick, additional, Deibert, Wendelin, additional, Koppitz, Thomas, additional, Müller, Michael, additional, Meulenberg, Wilhelm A., additional, and Natour, Ghaleb, additional

Published
2023
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4. Discovery and optimization of pyridyl-cycloalkyl-carboxylic acids as inhibitors of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 for the treatment of endometriosis

Author

Thomas M. Zollner, Antonius Ter Laak, Daryl S. Walter, Jens Nagel, Anne-Marie Coelho, Horst Irlbacher, Michaele Peters, Andrea Rotgeri, Marcus Koppitz, Andreas Steinmeyer, and Nico Bräuer

Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, Carboxylic Acids, Endometriosis, Pain, Pharmaceutical Science, Prostaglandin, Inflammation, Pharmacology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Mice, Structure-Activity Relationship, chemistry.chemical_compound, Downregulation and upregulation, In vivo, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Humans, Enzyme Inhibitors, Prostaglandin E2, Molecular Biology, Prostaglandin-E Synthases, chemistry.chemical_classification, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Structure, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, In vitro, Rats, 0104 chemical sciences, Molecular Docking Simulation, Disease Models, Animal, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Enzyme, chemistry, Molecular Medicine, Female, medicine.symptom, Prostaglandin E, medicine.drug
Abstract

Here we report on novel and potent pyridyl-cycloalkyl-carboxylic acid inhibitors of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (PTGES). PTGES produces, as part of the prostaglandin pathway, prostaglandin E2 which is a well-known driver for pain and inflammation. This fact together with the observed upregulation of PTGES during inflammation suggests that blockade of the enzyme might provide a beneficial treatment option for inflammation related conditions such as endometriosis. Compound 5a, a close analogue of the screening hit, potently inhibited PTGES in vitro, displayed excellent PK properties in vitro and in vivo and demonstrated efficacy in a CFA-induced pain model in mice and in a rat dyspareunia endometriosis model and was therefore selected for further studies.

Published
2019

5. Main design features of the Rh-based first mirror developed for the ITER CXRS core diagnostics

Author

Krasikov, Yu., primary, Assmann, J., additional, Behr, W., additional, Fischer, M., additional, Ivashov, I., additional, Kotov, V., additional, Koppitz, T., additional, Krimmer, A., additional, Leichtle, D., additional, Litnovsky, A., additional, Marchuk, O., additional, Mertens, Ph., additional, Mlynczak, K., additional, Park, JH., additional, Rasinski, M., additional, and Schrader, M., additional

Published
2021
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7. Main design features of the Rh-based first mirror developed for the ITER CXRS core diagnostics

Author

M. Fischer, Yu. Krasikov, Dieter Leichtle, Th. Koppitz, Wilfried Behr, Marcin Rasinski, Jh. Park, Krzysztof Mlynczak, A. Krimmer, Andrey Litnovsky, Vladislav Kotov, Ilia Ivashov, J. Assmann, Michael Schrader, Ph. Mertens, and O. Marchuk

Subjects
Materials science, Core charge, Spectrometer, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Plasma, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Core (optical fiber), Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Coating, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, engineering, ddc:530, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, business, Spectroscopy, Beam (structure), Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

The ITER core charge exchange recombination spectroscopy, which contains five in-port optical mirrors, is intended to transfer the visible light emitted by interaction of the plasma with the diagnostic neutral beam to the corresponding spectrometers. The first mirror (M1) is a key and the most vulnerable component of the diagnostics. In order to provide the required mirror lifetime, maintainability and structural integrity, M1 is composed of special materials, i.e. it is made of a thin 1 mm single-crystal rhodium (ScRh) plate diffusion bonded to a specially matched tungsten-copper substrate. A rhodium nanocrystalline coating (NcRh) can be an option. The paper presents the evolution of the M1 design developed for the optical layout of 2018. M1 is adjustable and cleanable with about 100÷500 procedures of 60 MHz plasma discharge. The mirror design is supported by multifield thermal, electromagnetic and structural analyses and uses experimental data of R&Ds made by Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany. The study confirms the working capacity of the developed mirror solution.

Published
2021

9. Discovery and optimization of pyridyl-cycloalkyl-carboxylic acids as inhibitors of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 for the treatment of endometriosis

Author

Koppitz, Marcus, primary, Bräuer, Nico, additional, Ter Laak, Antonius, additional, Irlbacher, Horst, additional, Rotgeri, Andrea, additional, Coelho, Anne-Marie, additional, Walter, Daryl, additional, Steinmeyer, Andreas, additional, Zollner, Thomas M., additional, Peters, Michaele, additional, and Nagel, Jens, additional

Published
2019
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10. Effect of punching shear on load–deformation behavior of flat slabs

Author

Thomas Keller, Robert Koppitz, and Albin Kenel

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Modulus, Strength reduction, Flexural rigidity, Structural engineering, Shear (geology), Flexural strength, Punching shear, Slab, Composite material, Reinforcement, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

Punching shear resistance usually constitutes the decisive design criterion for reinforced concrete flat slabs supported by columns. Modeling approaches based on Kinnunen and Nylander's rotation-symmetric sector model, such as the Quadrilinear Sector Model (QSM), allow the prediction of the slab's load rotation behavior. To take into account an orthogonal reinforcement layout, the steel Young's Modulus is usually reduced. A mechanically better justified flexural stiffness reduction factor is derived here which depends on the longitudinal reinforcement and modular ratio. The QSM also neglects shear deformations, which may reduce the flexural capacity. A Modified Sector Model (MSM) is derived which considers the influence of shear on the flexural behavior. A strength reduction factor for the shear crack-crossing longitudinal reinforcement is introduced which depends on the mechanical longitudinal reinforcement ratio. The factor takes into account that the longitudinal reinforcement also has to transmit forces resulting from shear. The MSM can also be applied to predict the load rotation responses and punching shear resistances of flat slabs strengthened with prestressed carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) straps. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

11. Proposal for a modified non-active brazing alloy for joining CFC composites to copper

Author

Milena Salvo, Gerald Pintsuk, Stefano Rizzo, Thomas Koppitz, Monica Ferraris, Sergio Perero, and Valentina Casalegno

Subjects
Carbon–carbon composites (CCCs), Joints/joining, Wettability, Ceramic/metal interface, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Composite number, Alloy, Metallurgy, chemistry.chemical_element, engineering.material, Microstructure, Copper, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Coating, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Ceramics and Composites, Galvanic cell, engineering, Brazing, Composite material, Embrittlement
Abstract

A novel method based on the modification of a commercial brazing alloy was evaluated and used for joining CFC (carbon fiber reinforced carbon composite) to pure copper. This paper deals with the development of a flat and curved joint concept providing a versatile and cheap joining technology, i.e. a single step brazing process by using an innovative brazing alloy deriving from a commercial one. The brazing of CFC to Cu was performed by using a commercial non-active braze. RF-magnetron sputtering and galvanic processes have been used to modify the commercial non-active braze by coating it with Cr, an active element. The aim is to increase its wettability on CFC, instead of using an active braze, having potential embrittlement issues. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to evaluate the microstructure and composition of the CFC/Cu joints. In order to evaluate the mechanical strength of the joint, a lap test in compression has been performed.

Published
2014

12. Thermal fatigue characterization of CFC divertor modules using a one step brazing process

Author

Valentina Casalegno, Gerald Pintsuk, Milena Salvo, Monica Ferraris, and Thomas Koppitz

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Divertor, Delamination, Heat sink, Flux (metallurgy), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, visual_art, Thermal, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Brazing, General Materials Science, Tile, Composite material, Plasma-facing material
Abstract

From the European side, three directional carbon fiber composites (CFCs) are foreseen to be used as plasma facing material for the strike point region of the initial ITER divertor installed for the non-tritium operational phase. For such divertor components two designs, the flat tile and the monoblock concept, are feasible, comprising a joint of the CFC with a Cu/Cu-alloy heat sink. This paper deals with the qualification of a reliable and cheap joining technology for such components, i.e. the simultaneous joining of the CuCrZr heat sink to a compliant Cu layer for the accommodation of thermal stresses and of the Cu layer and the CFC using a non-active Cu–Ge brazing material. For this purpose flat tile and monoblock mock-ups were manufactured, microstructurally analyzed, and subsequently exposed to cyclic high heat flux tests in the electron beam facility JUDITH. Applying hundreds of cycles at up to 20 MW/m 2 the tested mock-ups underwent partial damaging, which was characterized in post-mortem microstructural investigations to analyze occurring degradation mechanisms, e.g. partial delamination at the CFC/Cu-interface.

Published
2012

13. Concerted quantum effects of electronic and nuclear fluxes in molecules

Author

Ingo Barth, Falko Marquardt, G. K. Paramonov, Hiroshi Ikeda, Jörn Manz, Anatole Kenfack, Michael Koppitz, and Hans-Christian Hege

Subjects
Physics, Flux (metallurgy), Amplitude, Quantum dynamics, Attosecond, Quantum mechanics, General Physics and Astronomy, Molecule, Time domain, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Dispersion (water waves), Quantum
Abstract

Common myth suggests synchronicity and unidirectionality of nuclear and electronic fluxes. Accurate quantum dynamics simulations of the vibrating model system, aligned H2+, confirm this rule, but with exceptional opposite behaviours during short periods in the attosecond time domain. The ratio of electronic versus nuclear fluxes increases systematically, from small to large amplitude nuclear motions. Visualization of the electronic and nuclear densities and flux densities reveals that this is due to broader dispersion of electronic wavepackets compared to nuclear ones. The accurate results validate an efficient general method for quantum calculations of the fluxes in terms of densities, not flux densities.

Published
2009

14. Mechanical and thermo-physical characterization of three-directional carbon fiber composites for W-7X and ITER

Author

Stefan Wikman, D. Pitzer, J. Compan, T. Koppitz, J. Linke, M. Rödig, A.T. Peacock, and Gerald Pintsuk

Subjects
Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Divertor, Fusion power, Microstructure, Thermal conductivity, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Chemical vapor infiltration, Ultimate tensile strength, General Materials Science, Composite material, Material properties, Civil and Structural Engineering, Tensile testing
Abstract

Carbon fiber composites (CFCs) are the first choice as plasma facing materials for the strike points of divertor targets for future nuclear fusion devices like WENDELSTEIN 7-X and ITER. For the application in these facilities several potential European 3D-CFCs were compared and qualified: (1) four material batches of NB31 produced by Snecma Propulsion Solide (SNECMA); (2) NB41, SNECMA, the upgraded version of NB31; (3) N31, SNECMA, which is densified by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) instead of a final liquid pitch infiltration characteristic for NB31; (4) a new developmental 3D-CFC produced by DUNLOP. The characterization of the composites is comprised of thermo-physical measurements and tensile tests. The results are correlated to density and microstructure and summarized as follows: (1) NB41 provides the highest thermal conductivity in the ex-pitch direction of ∼375 W/(m K) at room temperature; (2) all material grades are, due to their heterogeneity, characterized by a relatively large scatter of mechanical properties; (3) the different densification process for N31 in comparison to NB31 has no influence on the material properties; (4) NB41 provides in all three directions a comparably high tensile strength with an average in the ex-pitch direction of ∼220 MPa; (5) the 3D-CFC from DUNLOP is comparable to NB41 but yet does not meet the specifications in the needling direction.

Published
2009

15. Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Author

Moss, Davina J Hensman, primary, Pardiñas, Antonio F, additional, Langbehn, Douglas, additional, Lo, Kitty, additional, Leavitt, Blair R, additional, Roos, Raymund, additional, Durr, Alexandra, additional, Mead, Simon, additional, Holmans, Peter, additional, Jones, Lesley, additional, Tabrizi, Sarah J, additional, Coleman, A, additional, Santos, R Dar, additional, Decolongon, J, additional, Sturrock, A, additional, Bardinet, E, additional, Ret, C Jauff, additional, Justo, D, additional, Lehericy, S, additional, Marelli, C, additional, Nigaud, K, additional, Valabrègue, R, additional, van den Bogaard, SJA, additional, Dumas, E M, additional, van der Grond, J, additional, t'Hart, EP, additional, Jurgens, C, additional, Witjes-Ane, M-N, additional, Arran, N, additional, Callaghan, J, additional, Stopford, C, additional, Frost, C, additional, Jones, R, additional, Hobbs, N, additional, Lahiri, N, additional, Ordidge, R, additional, Owen, G, additional, Pepple, T, additional, Read, J, additional, Say, M, additional, Wild, E, additional, Patel, A, additional, Fox, N C, additional, Gibbard, C, additional, Malone, I, additional, Crawford, H, additional, Whitehead, D, additional, Keenan, S, additional, Cash, D M, additional, Berna, C, additional, Bechtel, N, additional, Bohlen, S, additional, Man, A Hoff, additional, Kraus, P, additional, Axelson, E, additional, Wang, C, additional, Acharya, T, additional, Lee, S, additional, Monaco, W, additional, Campbell, C, additional, Queller, S, additional, Whitlock, K, additional, Campbell, M, additional, Frajman, E, additional, Milchman, C, additional, O'Regan, A, additional, Labuschagne, I, additional, Stout, J, additional, Landwehrmeyer, B, additional, Craufurd, D, additional, Scahill, R, additional, Hicks, S, additional, Kennard, C, additional, Johnson, H, additional, Tobin, A, additional, Rosas, HD, additional, Reilmann, R, additional, Borowsky, B, additional, Pourchot, C, additional, Andrews, S C, additional, Bachoud-Lévi, Anne-Catherine, additional, Bentivoglio, Anna Rita, additional, Biunno, Ida, additional, Bonelli, Raphael, additional, Burgunder, Jean-Marc, additional, Dunnett, Stephen, additional, Ferreira, Joaquim, additional, Handley, Olivia, additional, Heiberg, Arvid, additional, Illmann, Torsten, additional, Landwehrmeyer, G. Bernhard, additional, Levey, Jamie, additional, Ramos-Arroyo, Maria A., additional, Nielsen, Jørgen, additional, Koivisto, Susana Pro, additional, Päivärinta, Markku, additional, Roos, Raymund A.C., additional, Sebastián, A Rojo, additional, Tabrizi, Sarah, additional, Vandenberghe, Wim, additional, Verellen-Dumoulin, Christine, additional, Uhrova, Tereza, additional, Wahlström, Jan, additional, Zaremba, Jacek, additional, Baake, Verena, additional, Barth, Katrin, additional, Garde, Monica Bascuñana, additional, Betz, Sabrina, additional, Bos, Reineke, additional, Callaghan, Jenny, additional, Come, Adrien, additional, Guedes, Leonor Correia, additional, Ecker, Daniel, additional, Finisterra, Ana Maria, additional, Fullam, Ruth, additional, Gilling, Mette, additional, Gustafsson, Lena, additional, Handley, Olivia J, additional, Hvalstedt, Carina, additional, Held, Christine, additional, Koppers, Kerstin, additional, Lamanna, Claudia, additional, Laurà, Matilde, additional, Descals, Asunción Martínez, additional, Martinez-Horta, Saül, additional, Mestre, Tiago, additional, Minster, Sara, additional, Monza, Daniela, additional, Mütze, Lisanne, additional, Oehmen, Martin, additional, Orth, Michael, additional, Padieu, Hélène, additional, Paterski, Laurent, additional, Peppa, Nadia, additional, Di Renzo, Martina, additional, Rialland, Amandine, additional, Røren, Niini, additional, Šašinková, Pavla, additional, Timewell, Erika, additional, Townhill, Jenny, additional, Cubillo, Patricia Trigo, additional, da Silva, Wildson Vieira, additional, van Walsem, Marleen R, additional, Whalstedt, Carina, additional, Witjes-Ané, Marie-Noelle, additional, Witkowski, Grzegorz, additional, Wright, Abigail, additional, Zielonka, Daniel, additional, Zielonka, Eugeniusz, additional, Zinzi, Paola, additional, Bonelli, Raphael M., additional, Lilek, Sabine, additional, Hecht, Karen, additional, Herranhof, Brigitte, additional, Holl, Anna, additional, Kapfhammer, Hans-Peter, additional, Koppitz, Michael, additional, Magnet, Markus, additional, Müller, Nicole, additional, Otti, Daniela, additional, Painold, Annamaria, additional, Reisinger, Karin, additional, Scheibl, Monika, additional, Schöggl, Helmut, additional, Ullah, Jasmin, additional, Braunwarth, Eva-Maria, additional, Brugger, Florian, additional, Buratti, Lisa, additional, Hametner, Eva-Maria, additional, Hepperger, Caroline, additional, Holas, Christiane, additional, Hotter, Anna, additional, Hussl, Anna, additional, Müller, Christoph, additional, Poewe, Werner, additional, Seppi, Klaus, additional, Sprenger, Fabienne, additional, Wenning, Gregor, additional, Boogaerts, Andrea, additional, Calmeyn, Godelinde, additional, Delvaux, Isabelle, additional, Liessens, Dirk, additional, Somers, Nele, additional, Dupuit, Michel, additional, Minet, Cécile, additional, van Paemel, Dominique, additional, Ribaï, Pascale, additional, van Reijen, Dimphna, additional, Klempír, Jirí, additional, Majerová, Veronika, additional, Roth, Jan, additional, Stárková, Irena, additional, Hjermind, Lena E., additional, Jacobsen, Oda, additional, Nielsen, Jørgen E., additional, Larsen, Ida Unmack, additional, Vinther-Jensen, Tua, additional, Hiivola, Heli, additional, Hyppönen, Hannele, additional, Martikainen, Kirsti, additional, Tuuha, Katri, additional, Allain, Philippe, additional, Bonneau, Dominique, additional, Bost, Marie, additional, Gohier, Bénédicte, additional, Guérid, Marie-Anne, additional, Olivier, Audrey, additional, Prundean, Adriana, additional, Scherer-Gagou, Clarisse, additional, Verny, Christophe, additional, Babiloni, Blandine, additional, Debruxelles, Sabrina, additional, Duché, Charlotte, additional, Goizet, Cyril, additional, Jameau, Laetitia, additional, Lafoucrière, Danielle, additional, Spampinato, Umberto, additional, Barthélémy, Rekha, additional, De Bruycker, Christelle, additional, Carette, Maryline Cabaret Anne-Sophie, additional, Defebvre, Eric Decorte Luc, additional, Delliaux, Marie, additional, Delval, Arnaud, additional, Destee, Alain, additional, Dujardin, Kathy, additional, Lemaire, Marie-Hélène, additional, Manouvrier, Sylvie, additional, Peter, Mireille, additional, Plomhouse, Lucie, additional, Sablonnière, Bernard, additional, Simonin, Clémence, additional, Thibault-Tanchou, Stéphanie, additional, Vuillaume, Isabelle, additional, Bellonet, Marcellin, additional, Berrissoul, Hassan, additional, Blin, Stéphanie, additional, Courtin, Françoise, additional, Duru, Cécile, additional, Fasquel, Véronique, additional, Godefroy, Olivier, additional, Krystkowiak, Pierre, additional, Mantaux, Béatrice, additional, Roussel, Martine, additional, Wannepain, Sandrine, additional, Azulay, Jean-Philippe, additional, Delfini, Marie, additional, Eusebio, Alexandre, additional, Fluchere, Frédérique, additional, Mundler, Laura, additional, Anheim, Mathieu, additional, Julié, Celine, additional, Boukbiza, Ouhaid Lagha, additional, Longato, Nadine, additional, Rudolf, Gabrielle, additional, Tranchant, Christine, additional, Zimmermann, Marie-Agathe, additional, Kosinski, Christoph Michael, additional, Milkereit, Eva, additional, Probst, Daniela, additional, Reetz, Kathrin, additional, Sass, Christian, additional, Schiefer, Johannes, additional, Schlangen, Christiane, additional, Werner, Cornelius J., additional, Gelderblom, Harald, additional, Priller, Josef, additional, Prüß, Harald, additional, Spruth, Eike Jakob, additional, Ellrichmann, Gisa, additional, Herrmann, Lennard, additional, Hoffmann, Rainer, additional, Kaminski, Barbara, additional, Kotz, Peter, additional, Prehn, Christian, additional, Saft, Carsten, additional, Lange, Herwig, additional, Maiwald, Robert, additional, Löhle, Matthias, additional, Maass, Antonia, additional, Schmidt, Simone, additional, Bosredon, Cecile, additional, Storch, Alexander, additional, Wolz, Annett, additional, Wolz, Martin, additional, Capetian, Philipp, additional, Lambeck, Johann, additional, Zucker, Birgit, additional, Boelmans, Kai, additional, Ganos, Christos, additional, Heinicke, Walburgis, additional, Hidding, Ute, additional, Lewerenz, Jan, additional, Münchau, Alexander, additional, Schmalfeld, Jenny, additional, Stubbe, Lars, additional, Zittel, Simone, additional, Diercks, Gabriele, additional, Dressler, Dirk, additional, Gorzolla, Heike, additional, Schrader, Christoph, additional, Tacik, Pawel, additional, Ribbat, Michael, additional, Longinus, Bernhard, additional, Bürk, Katrin, additional, Möller, Jens Carsten, additional, Rissling, Ida, additional, Mühlau, Mark, additional, Peinemann, Alexander, additional, Städtler, Michael, additional, Weindl, Adolf, additional, Winkelmann, Juliane, additional, Ziegler, Cornelia, additional, Bechtel, Natalie, additional, Beckmann, Heike, additional, Bohlen, Stefan, additional, Hölzner, Eva, additional, Reilmann, Ralf, additional, Rohm, Stefanie, additional, Rumpf, Silke, additional, Schepers, Sigrun, additional, Weber, Natalia, additional, Dose, Matthias, additional, Leythäuser, Gabriele, additional, Marquard, Ralf, additional, Raab, Tina, additional, Wiedemann, Alexandra, additional, Buck, Andrea, additional, Connemann, Julia, additional, Geitner, Carolin, additional, Kesse, Andrea, additional, Landwehrmeyer, Bernhard, additional, Lang, Christina, additional, Lezius, Franziska, additional, Nepper, Solveig, additional, Niess, Anke, additional, Schneider, Ariane, additional, Schwenk, Daniela, additional, Süßmuth, Sigurd, additional, Trautmann, Sonja, additional, Weydt, Patrick, additional, Cormio, Claudia, additional, Sciruicchio, Vittorio, additional, Serpino, Claudia, additional, de Tommaso, Marina, additional, Capellari, Sabina, additional, Cortelli, Pietro, additional, Galassi, Roberto, additional, Rizzo, Giovanni, additional, Poda, Roberto, additional, Scaglione, Cesa, additional, Bertini, Elisabetta, additional, Ghelli, Elena, additional, Ginestroni, Andrea, additional, Massaro, Francesca, additional, Mechi, Claudia, additional, Paganini, Marco, additional, Piacentini, Silvia, additional, Pradella, Silvia, additional, Romoli, Anna Maria, additional, Sorbi, Sandro, additional, Abbruzzese, Giovanni, additional, di Poggio, Monica Bandettini, additional, Ferrandes, Giovanna, additional, Mandich, Paola, additional, Marchese, Roberta, additional, Albanese, Alberto, additional, Di Bella, Daniela, additional, Castaldo, Anna, additional, Di Donato, Stefano, additional, Gellera, Cinzia, additional, Genitrini, Silvia, additional, Mariotti, Caterina, additional, Nanetti, Lorenzo, additional, Paridi, Dominga, additional, Soliveri, Paola, additional, Tomasello, Chiara, additional, De Michele, Giuseppe, additional, Di Maio, Luigi, additional, Massarelli, Marco, additional, Peluso, Silvio, additional, Roca, Alessandro, additional, Russo, Cinzia Valeria, additional, Salvatore, Elena, additional, Sorrentino, Pierpaolo, additional, Amico, Enrico, additional, Favellato, Mariagrazia, additional, Griguoli, Annamaria, additional, Mazzante, Irene, additional, Petrollini, Martina, additional, Squitieri, Ferdinando, additional, D'Alessio, Barbara, additional, Esposito, Chiara, additional, Bentivoglio, Rita, additional, Frontali, Marina, additional, Guidubaldi, Arianna, additional, Ialongo, Tamara, additional, Jacopini, Gioia, additional, Piano, Carla, additional, Romano, Silvia, additional, Soleti, Francesco, additional, Spadaro, Maria, additional, van Hout, Monique S.E., additional, Verhoeven, Marloes E., additional, van Vugt, Jeroen P.P., additional, de Weert, A. Marit, additional, Bolwijn, J.J.W., additional, Dekker, M., additional, Kremer, B., additional, Leenders, K.L., additional, van Oostrom, J.C.H., additional, van den Bogaard, Simon J.A., additional, Dumas, Eve M., additional, 't Hart, Ellen P., additional, Kremer, Berry, additional, Verstappen, C.C.P., additional, Aaserud, Olaf, additional, C, Jan Frich, additional, Wehus, Ragnhild, additional, Bjørgo, Kathrine, additional, Fannemel, Madeleine, additional, Gørvell, Per F., additional, Lorentzen, Eirin, additional, Retterstøl, Lars, additional, Stokke, Bodil, additional, Bjørnevoll, Inga, additional, Sando, Sigrid Botne, additional, Dziadkiewicz, Artur, additional, Nowak, Malgorzata, additional, Robowski, Piotr, additional, Sitek, Emilia, additional, Slawek, Jaroslaw, additional, Soltan, Witold, additional, Szinwelski, Michal, additional, Blaszcyk, Magdalena, additional, Boczarska-Jedynak, Magdalena, additional, Ciach-Wysocka, Ewelina, additional, Gorzkowska, Agnieszka, additional, Jasinska-Myga, Barbara, additional, Klodowska-Duda, Gabriela, additional, Opala, Gregorz, additional, Stompel, Daniel, additional, Banaszkiewicz, Krzysztof, additional, Bocwinska, Dorota, additional, Bojakowska-Jaremek, Kamila, additional, Dec, Malgorzata, additional, Krawczyk, Malgorzata, additional, Rudzinska, Monika, additional, Szczygiel, Elzbieta, additional, Szczudlik, Andrzej, additional, Wasielewska, Anna, additional, Wójcik, Magdalena, additional, Bryl, Anna, additional, Ciesielska, Anna, additional, Klimberg, Aneta, additional, Marcinkowski, Jerzy, additional, Samara, Husam, additional, Sempolowicz, Justyna, additional, Gogol, Anna, additional, Janik, Piotr, additional, Kwiecinski, Hubert, additional, Jamrozik, Zygmunt, additional, Antczak, Jakub, additional, Jachinska, Katarzyna, additional, Krysa, Wioletta, additional, Rakowicz, Maryla, additional, Richter, Przemyslaw, additional, Rola, Rafal, additional, Ryglewicz, Danuta, additional, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, Halina, additional, Stepniak, Iwona, additional, Sulek, Anna, additional, Zdzienicka, Elzbieta, additional, Zieora-Jakutowicz, Karolina, additional, Ferreira, Joaquim J, additional, Coelho, Miguel, additional, Mendes, Tiago, additional, Valadas, Anabela, additional, Andrade, Carlos, additional, Gago, Miguel, additional, Garrett, Carolina, additional, Guerra, Maria Rosália, additional, Herrera, Carmen Durán, additional, Garcia, Patrocinio Moreno, additional, Barbera, Miquel Aguilar, additional, Guia, Dolors Badenes, additional, Hernanz, Laura Casas, additional, Catena, Judit López, additional, Ferrer, Pilar Quiléz, additional, Sebastián, Ana Rojo, additional, Carruesco, Gemma Tome, additional, Bas, Jordi, additional, Busquets, Núria, additional, Calopa, Matilde, additional, Robert, Misericordia Floriach, additional, Viladrich, Celia Mareca, additional, Idiago, Jesús Miguel Ruiz, additional, Riballo, Antonio Villa, additional, Cubo, Esther, additional, Polo, Cecilia Gil, additional, Mariscal, Natividad, additional, Rivadeneyra, Perez Jessica, additional, Barrero, Francisco, additional, Morales, Blas, additional, Fenollar, María, additional, García, Rocío García-Ramos, additional, Ortega, Paloma, additional, Villanueva, Clara, additional, Alegre, Javier, additional, Bascuñana, Mónica, additional, Caldentey, Juan Garcia, additional, Ventura, Marta Fatás, additional, Ribas, Guillermo García, additional, de Yébenes, Justo García, additional, Moreno, José Luis López-Sendón, additional, Frech, Fernando Alonso, additional, Ruíz, Pedro J García, additional, Martínez-Descals, Asunción, additional, Guerrero, Rosa, additional, Artiga, María José Saiz, additional, Sánchez, Vicenta, additional, Perea, María Fuensanta Noguera, additional, Fortuna, Lorenza, additional, Manzanares, Salvadora, additional, Reinante, Gema, additional, Torres, María Martirio Antequera, additional, Moreau, Laura Vivancos, additional, González González, Sonia, additional, Guisasola, Luis Menéndez, additional, Salvador, Carlos, additional, Martín, Esther Suaréz San, additional, Ramirez, Inés Legarda, additional, Gorospe, Aranzazú, additional, Lopera, Mónica Rodriguez, additional, Arques, Penelope Navas, additional, Rodríguez, María José Torres, additional, Pastor, Barbara Vives, additional, Gaston, Itziar, additional, Martinez-Jaurrieta, Maria Dolores, additional, Moreno, Jose Manuel Garcia, additional, Lucena, Carolina Mendez, additional, Damas, Fatima, additional, Cortegana, Hermoso Eva Pacheco, additional, Peña, José Chacón, additional, Redondo, Luis, additional, Carrillo, Fátima, additional, Teresa Cáceres, María, additional, Mir, Pablo, additional, Suarez, María José Lama, additional, Vargas-González, Laura, additional, Bosca, Maria E., additional, Brugada, Francisco Castera, additional, Burguera, Juan Andres, additional, Campos, Anabel, additional, Vilaplana, Garcia Carmen Peiró, additional, Berglund, Peter, additional, Constantinescu, Radu, additional, Fredlund, Gunnel, additional, Høsterey-Ugander, Ulrika, additional, Linnsand, Petra, additional, Neleborn-Lingefjärd, Liselotte, additional, Wentzel, Magnus, additional, Loutfi, Ghada, additional, Olofsson, Carina, additional, Stattin, Eva-Lena, additional, Westman, Laila, additional, Wikström, Birgitta, additional, Stebler, Yanik, additional, Kaelin, Alain, additional, Romero, Irene, additional, Schüpbach, Michael, additional, Weber Zaugg, Sabine, additional, Hauer, Maria, additional, Gonzenbach, Roman, additional, Jung, Hans H., additional, Mihaylova, Violeta, additional, Petersen, Jens, additional, Jack, Roisin, additional, Matheson, Kirsty, additional, Miedzybrodzka, Zosia, additional, Rae, Daniela, additional, Simpson, Sheila A, additional, Summers, Fiona, additional, Ure, Alexandra, additional, Vaughan, Vivien, additional, Akhtar, Shahbana, additional, Crooks, Jenny, additional, Curtis, Adrienne, additional, de Souza, Jenny, additional, Piedad, John, additional, Rickards, Hugh, additional, Wright, Jan, additional, Coulthard, Elizabeth, additional, Gethin, Louise, additional, Hayward, Beverley, additional, Sieradzan, Kasia, additional, Armstrong, Matthew, additional, Barker, Roger A., additional, O'Keefe, Deidre, additional, Di Pietro, Anna, additional, Fisher, Kate, additional, Goodman, Anna, additional, Hill, Susan, additional, Kershaw, Ann, additional, Mason, Sarah, additional, Paterson, Nicole, additional, Raymond, Lucy, additional, Swain, Rachel, additional, Guzman, Natalie Valle, additional, Busse, Monica, additional, Butcher, Cynthia, additional, Clenaghan, Catherine, additional, Hunt, Sarah, additional, Jones, Una, additional, Khalil, Hanan, additional, Owen, Michael, additional, Price, Kathleen, additional, Rosser, Anne, additional, Edwards, Maureen, additional, Ho, Carrie, additional, Hughes, Teresa, additional, McGill, Marie, additional, Pearson, Pauline, additional, Porteous, Mary, additional, Smith, Paul, additional, Brockie, Peter, additional, Foster, Jillian, additional, Johns, Nicola, additional, McKenzie, Sue, additional, Rothery, Jean, additional, Thomas, Gareth, additional, Yates, Shona, additional, Burrows, Liz, additional, Chu, Carol, additional, Fletcher, Amy, additional, Gallantrae, Deena, additional, Hamer, Stephanie, additional, Harding, Alison, additional, Klöppel, Stefan, additional, Kraus, Alison, additional, Laver, Fiona, additional, Lewis, Monica, additional, Longthorpe, Mandy, additional, Markova, Ivana, additional, Raman, Ashok, additional, Robertson, Nicola, additional, Silva, Mark, additional, Thomson, Aileen, additional, Wild, Sue, additional, Yardumian, Pam, additional, Evans, Carole, additional, Gallentrae, Deena, additional, Hobson, Emma, additional, Jamieson, Stuart, additional, Musgrave, Hannah, additional, Rowett, Liz, additional, Toscano, Jean, additional, Bourne, Colin, additional, Clapton, Jackie, additional, Clayton, Carole, additional, Dipple, Heather, additional, Freire-Patino, Dawn, additional, Grant, Janet, additional, Gross, Diana, additional, Hallam, Caroline, additional, Middleton, Julia, additional, Murch, Ann, additional, Thompson, Catherine, additional, Alusi, Sundus, additional, Davies, Rhys, additional, Foy, Kevin, additional, Gerrans, Emily, additional, Pate, Louise, additional, Andrews, Thomasin, additional, Dougherty, Andrew, additional, Golding, Charlotte, additional, Kavalier, Fred, additional, Laing, Hana, additional, Lashwood, Alison, additional, Robertson, Dene, additional, Ruddy, Deborah, additional, Santhouse, Alastair, additional, Whaite, Anna, additional, Bruno, Stefania, additional, Doherty, Karen, additional, Haider, Salman, additional, Hensman, Davina, additional, Lahiri, Nayana, additional, Novak, Marianne, additional, Patel, Aakta, additional, Rosser, Elisabeth, additional, Taylor, Rachel, additional, Warner, Thomas, additional, Wild, Edward, additional, Arran, Natalie, additional, Bek, Judith, additional, Craufurd, David, additional, Hare, Marianne, additional, Howard, Liz, additional, Huson, Susan, additional, Johnson, Liz, additional, Jones, Mary, additional, Murphy, Helen, additional, Oughton, Emma, additional, Partington-Jones, Lucy, additional, Rogers, Dawn, additional, Sollom, Andrea, additional, Snowden, Julie, additional, Stopford, Cheryl, additional, Thompson, Jennifer, additional, Trender-Gerhard, Iris, additional, Verstraelen, Nichola, additional, Westmoreland, Leann, additional, Armstrong, Richard, additional, Dixon, Kathryn, additional, Nemeth, Andrea H, additional, Siuda, Gill, additional, Valentine, Ruth, additional, Harrison, David, additional, Hughes, Max, additional, Parkinson, Andrew, additional, Soltysiak, Beverley, additional, Bandmann, Oliver, additional, Bradbury, Alyson, additional, Gill, Paul, additional, Fairtlough, Helen, additional, Fillingham, Kay, additional, Foustanos, Isabella, additional, Kazoka, Mbombe, additional, O'Donovan, Kirsty, additional, Taylor, Cat, additional, Tidswell, Katherine, additional, Quarrell, Oliver, additional, Lau, Puay Ngoh, additional, Pica, Emmanul, additional, and Tan, Louis, additional

Published
2017
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16. Automated medicinal chemistry

Author

Marcus Koppitz and Knut Eis

Subjects
Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Pharmaceutical technology, Computer science, Drug discovery, Drug Design, Drug Discovery, Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques, Automatic processing, Medicinal chemistry, Bottleneck
Abstract

With the advent of high throughput technologies in biological screening in the 1980s, providing sufficient numbers of small molecules for screening became a bottleneck in the drug discovery process. Combinatorial chemistry was the first attempt by chemists to address this issue. However, since its first applications, combinatorial chemistry has evolved rapidly into diverse fields. This review will focus on the evolution and the current status of what we refer to today as automated medicinal chemistry.

Published
2006

17. The precision tracker of the OPERA detector

Author

J. Ebert, V. Saveliev, J. Sewing, W. Schmidt-Parzefall, R. Zimmermann, B. Koppitz, Caren Hagner, and Yu. Zaitsev

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Argon, Comparator, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Amplifier, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Signal, Optics, chemistry, Muon spectrometer, business, Instrumentation, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract

The Precision Tracker of the muon spectrometer of the OPERA detector consists of ∼ 10000 aluminum drift tubes of 8 m length. They have an outer diameter of 38 mm and a wall thickness of 0.85 mm. The challenge of the detector design originates from the 8 m length of the drift tubes, a detector length, which has not been used before. Tight mechanical tolerances for positioning and alignment of the signal wires are required in order to make a significant measurement of the sign of the muon charge. The detector is manufactured in modules, which are 50 cm wide, each consisting of four adjacent drift tube planes. This guarantees high efficiency and complete rejection of the left–right ambiguity. The details of the novel mechanical design are described in this paper. For safety reasons, the drift tubes are operated with an Argon / CO 2 gas mixture. The gas volume of the drift tubes is entirely sealed with O-rings, in order to avoid ageing problems. The total gas volume amounts to about 80 m 3 . The front end electronics of the drift tubes consist of a bootstrap amplifier followed by a commercial ultrafast comparator. Thus only digital LVDS signals are transmitted over large distances. We report on the development and performance of the first two prototype modules of the precision tracker including test measurements of the resolution and efficiency obtained.

Published
2005

18. Interaction of metallic SOFC interconnect materials with glass–ceramic sealant in various atmospheres

Author

Norbert H. Menzler, Sonja M. Gross, Doris Sebold, Mohsine Zahid, and Thomas Koppitz

Subjects
Materials science, Glass-ceramic, Hydrogen, Silicon, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Metallurgy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, chemistry.chemical_element, Partial pressure, Corrosion, law.invention, chemistry, Aluminium, law, Solid oxide fuel cell, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Internal oxidation
Abstract

The interaction of the metallic parts of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and the glass–ceramic sealant was characterized under various atmospheric conditions by a quick and simple test method. The metallic material used was a high-chromium steel specially developed for SOFC applications (two different compositions) designated Crofer22APU 1st and JS-3 while the glass–ceramic composed of BaO–CaO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 (BCAS, known as glass A) was also designed for SOFC use. Air, humidified air and humidified hydrogen were used as atmospheres. The tests were carried out at an SOFC operating temperature of 800 °C for times varying from 1 to 500 h. The results show that air or humidified air does not lead to enhance negative interaction effects, neither in the metallic nor in the glass–ceramic material. In contrast interaction under humidified hydrogen causes internal oxidation in the steel. However, the corrosion intensity is much higher in the steel material where some special minor constituents were added, especially aluminium and silicon, than in the Al- and Si-free steel material. Thus the final purity of the metallic material is of crucial importance for long-term use in SOFCs. Additionally, the presence of either humid hydrogen or humid hydrogen and a low oxygen partial pressure in the surrounding atmosphere has a detrimental effect on the interaction behaviour of the glass–ceramic and metallic parts of the SOFC. The test method presented here can act as a first fast and simple screening test to characterize the interaction of the metallic and glass–ceramic parts of an SOFC.

Published
2005

19. Behaviour of various glass–ceramic sealants with ferritic steels under simulated SOFC stack conditions

Author

Norbert H. Menzler, Mohsine Zahid, Willem J. Quadakkers, V. A. C. Haanappel, Th. Koppitz, Vladimir Shemet, and Sonja M. Gross

Subjects
Materials science, Glass-ceramic, Hydrogen, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Scanning electron microscope, Sealant, Metallurgy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, chemistry.chemical_element, Microstructure, Corrosion, law.invention, chemistry, law, Solid oxide fuel cell, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Internal oxidation
Abstract

The suitability of various combinations of glass–ceramic sealants with high-chromium ferritic steels under conditions simulating SOFC stacks has been evaluated, i.e. three glass–ceramic sealants and seven types of ferritic steels. The test method used is based on test samples consisting of two metallic sheets, joined together with a glass–ceramic sealant. The outer side of the specimens was exposed to air for 400 h at 800 °C, whereas the inner side was exposed to hydrogen saturated with 3 vol.% water vapour. In particular, attention is paid to the influence of small amounts of additives to both the glass–ceramic sealant and the steel on the electrical and chemical behaviour of the specimens. Under experimental conditions simulating SOFC stacks, it appeared that excessive internal Cr oxidation of the ferritic steels, sometimes accompanied by external Fe-oxide formation, only occurred in the case of glass–ceramics containing minor amounts of PbO. This internal oxidation finally resulted in a volume change of the ferritic steel, which was manifested in bulging of the steel. As a consequence, the glass–ceramic was pushed away from the steel surface and crack formation at the glass–ceramic–steel interface occurred. The rate of corrosion attack strongly depended on the detailed steel composition. Increasing Si content apparently increased the rate of the corrosion attack, and thus possibly decreasing the time for the occurrence of short-circuiting.

Published
2005

20. Improved cavitation resistance of structural materials in pulsed liquid metal targets by surface hardening

Author

Y. Ikeda, G. Müller, A. Weisenburger, M. Futakawa, Thomas Koppitz, and P. Jung

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Liquid metal, Structural material, Materials science, business.industry, Thermal treatment, Laser, law.invention, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Cavitation, General Materials Science, Spallation, Irradiation, Composite material, business, Nitriding
Abstract

Cavitation damage of structural materials due to pressure waves is expected to be one of the major life-time limiting factors in high power liquid metal spallation targets under pulsed operation. Two methods are developed for the European Spallation Source (ESS) to mitigate this damage: Introduction of gas bubbles to suppress the pressure pulse, and surface hardening of structural materials to reduce their vulnerability. Surface hardening of four 8–13% Cr martensitic steels was performed by thermal treatment with pulsed or scanned electron- and laser beams as well as by nitriding in a r.f. plasma. Parametric dependences of these processes were investigated and partially optimised. Thermal treatment with electrons reached HV-hardness values up to about 600, laser treatment up to 710, and nitriding above 1200. After mechanical and metallographical characterisation, specimens of 12% Cr steel were tested in liquid mercury under pulsed proton irradiation, and under mechanical pulse-loading. Surface damage was analysed by optical, confocal laser, and scanning-electron microscopy, showing in all tests much better resistance of the hardened material compared to standard condition. Application of these techniques to a spallation target is outlined.

Published
2005

21. Halogenation of Ru(COD)(8-quinolinolate)2 and Ru(COD)(5-formyl-8-quinolinolate)2

Author

Christian Slugovc, Andreas Koppitz, Alexander Pogantsch, and Franz Stelzer

Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry, Absorbance, Absorption spectroscopy, Chemistry, Yellow colour, Materials Chemistry, Halogenation, Electrophilic halogenation, chemistry.chemical_element, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Photochemistry, Luminescence, Ruthenium
Abstract

An improved synthesis of Ru(COD)(8-quinolinolate) 2 (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and the synthesis of Ru(COD)(5-formyl-8-quinolinolate) 2 is reported. Electrophilic halogenation of these complexes with N -halosuccinimides proceeded smoothly resulting in 5,7-dihalogenation of the quinolinolate ligands in Ru(COD)(8-quinolinolate) 2 and in 7-halogenation of Ru(COD)(5-formyl-8-quinolinolate) 2 . All compounds exhibit strong absorbance in the visible up to 500 nm, resulting in an intensively yellow colour. With all complexes no luminescence was observed.

Published
2005

22. Solid-phase synthesis of substituted 3-amino-3′-carboxy-tetrahydrocarbazoles

Author

Anneke van Lingen, Marcus Koppitz, and Gabriele Reinhardt

Subjects
Indole test, chemistry.chemical_classification, Carboxylic acid, Organic Chemistry, Sulfonic acid, Ring (chemistry), Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Solid-phase synthesis, chemistry, Drug Discovery, Moiety, Organic chemistry, Derivatization, Alkyl
Abstract

Two related solid-phase synthesis routes have been developed allowing the synthesis of 3-amino-3′-carboxy substituted tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives. Diversity can be introduced at the amino and carboxy functionalities and at the nitrogen and the aromatic ring of the tetrahydrocarbazole moiety. Both routes rely on Fmoc-protected 1-amino-4-oxocyclohexanone carboxylic acid as central core element. Derivatization of the carboxy function is achieved with amines, derivatization of the amino functionality is possible by reaction with alkyl halides, isocyanates, activated alcohols, sulfonic acid chlorides or carboxylic acids. The tetrahydrocarbazole scaffold is generated by Fischer indole cyclization with phenyl hydrazine derivatives, thereby introducing diversity in the aromatic moiety. N-Alkylation at the indole nitrogen with alkyl halides delivers N-substituted derivatives.

Published
2005

23. Analysis of genetic diversity among selected populations of Phragmites australis world-wide

Author

Heike Koppitz

Subjects
Phragmites, Genetic diversity, stomatognathic system, Genetic similarity, immune system diseases, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Botany, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, Biology, PCR-fingerprinting, World wide, RAPD
Abstract

Genetic diversity among reed (Phragmites australis) populations from 70 sites in Europe and from 12 sites in other continents was determined using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Based on results from about 1000 reed samples screened with different primers, both polyclonal reed stands, where different clones co-exist either next to each other or intermingle, and monoclonal reed stands were found. Generally a higher diversity of clones was detected from sites on or near shore than in the water. Cluster analysis of genetic similarity coefficients from 30 to 80% demonstrated a high degree of genetic diversity among reed stands world-wide. Lower genetic diversity was detected among samples from any location, with coefficients ranging from 70 to 100%. In general, the genetic distances of investigated reed samples within Europe increase with increasing geographic distances. The reed samples from the other continents formed a separate major cluster in the phenogram.

Published
1999

25. Manufacturing and testing of actively cooled test limiters for TEXTOR made of the brazed joint SEPCARB-N11/TZM

Author

H. Bolt, Hubertus Nickel, J.H. You, W. Hohenauer, R. Lison, Jochen Linke, and Th. Koppitz

Subjects
Materials science, Tokamak, Ion beam, Mechanical Engineering, Nuclear engineering, Heat sink, Volumetric flow rate, law.invention, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Heat transfer, Water cooling, Limiter, Brazing, General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

To investigate the erosion and redepositon phenomena of fusion-related materials under stationary conditions, actively cooled test limiters were developed for TEXTOR (Tokamak Experiment for Technology Orientated Research). They allow experiments under stationary conditions within the plasma pulse length of 10 s. Heat loads of typically 10 MW m−2 are removed by pressurised water: volume flow is 10 m3 h−1, pressure 15 bar and the minimum coefficient of heat transfer is about 75 000 W m−2 K. Prototype limiters were built as brazed composites of a C/C material (SEPCARB-N11) and a TZM substrate. The samples were successfully tested in screening tests in the ion beam facility MARION (Material Research Ion Beam Test Facility) with hydrogen beams. Maximum heat loads of up to 22 MW m−2 were applied without any failure of the cooling system. Steady state of the surface temperature was measured within 5 s. An advanced brazing technique enabled the joining of hemispherically shaped C/C shells to a TZM heat sink without failure. An optimised test limiter was tested in TEXTOR. Analytical and numerical models describing the effects of the heat load distribution, spatial temperatures and stresses were experimentally verified.

Published
1998

26. Quantitative assessment of interaction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor (CD87) by use of a solid-phase uPA-ligand binding assay

Author

Henner Graeff, Marcus Koppitz, Horst Kessler, Viktor Magdolen, J. Hammelburger, Michael Schmitt, Peter Rettenberger, Olaf Wilhelm, Ulrich H. Weidle, J. Bognacki, Sabine Creutzburg, and Lothar Goretzki

Subjects
Urokinase receptor, Cell culture, law, Biotinylation, Ligand binding assay, Recombinant DNA, Biology, Receptor, Plasminogen activator, Molecular biology, Kringle domain, law.invention
Abstract

Summary Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a serine protease which has been implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes, e.g. tissue remodelling, embryogenesis, fibrinolysis, and tumour spread. uPA protease binds to a specific high-affinity receptor (uPAR; CD87) on normal and tumour cells. This binding is mediated by the growth factor domain of uPA and thus independent of its proteolytic activity. An ELISA-type, solid-phase microtitre plate assay is presented, designed for the quantitation of such uPA molecules capable of binding to the receptor uPAR. This solid-phase uPA-ligand binding assay makes use of the specific, high-affinity interaction of uPA with uPAR. This assay format is different from the common uPA-ELISA which measures uPA antigen but not uPAR-reactivity. Recombinant soluble uPAR (CHO-uPAR), attached to the well of a microtitre plate, serves as the capture molecule for uPA. uPA-containing samples are added to allow binding of uPA to immobilized uPAR. Receptor-bound uPA is then detected by reaction of uPA with biotinylated monoclonal antibody no. 377 (American Diagnostica, Greenwich, CT, USA) directed to the kringle domain of uPA followed by avidin-peroxidase. The solid-phase uPA-ligand binding assay detects various forms of uPA: pro-uPA, HMW-uPA, ATF, GFD but does not react with the low molecular weight form of uPA (LMW-uPA) lacking the uPAR-reactive domain. uPA molecules in which the uPAR-binding domain has been impaired by proteolysis and uPA/uPAR complexes are also excluded from detection. The high sensitivity of the solid-phase uPA-ligand binding assay (lower limit 2 pM = 0.1 ng uPA/ml) allowed to measure reactive uPA (and fractions thereof) in the supernatants of cultured ovarian cancer cells, in extracts of ovarian and breast cancer tissues, in placenta tissue extracts and in malignant ascites. The solid-phase uPA-ligand binding assay was also used to screen the receptor binding reactivity of recombinant human uPA-polypeptides synthesized by yeast cells and that of synthetic uPA-peptides. The uPAR-blocking capability of uPA-peptides uPA14-32, uPA14-32/H29A, and uPA14-32/N32A, determined by the solid-phase uPA-ligand binding assay, was confirmed by flow cytofluorometric analysis employing fluorescent pro-uPA (FITC-pro-uPA) and the uPAR-rich promyeloid cell line U937.

Published
1997

27. Nitric oxide-related biomarkers for depression-induced cardiovascular risk

Author

M. Koppitz, Gerhard Reicht, Maria Baranyi, Andreas Meinitzer, Omid Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai, Hans-Bernd Rothenhäusler, Christoph Robier, Peter Hlade, Simon Theokas, and Andreas Baranyi

Subjects
Pharmacology, business.industry, Nitric oxide, Psychiatry and Mental health, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neurology, chemistry, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Neurology (clinical), business, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses)
Published
2016

28. Cross-linking treatment for increasing lectin binding capacity of a vesicular affinity sorbent consisting of higher plant cell walls

Author

Heike Koppitz, Rudolf Ehwald, and Holger Woehlecke

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Sorbent, Chromatography, food.ingredient, Pectin, Chemistry, Depolymerization, Mineral acid, Plant Science, General Medicine, Horticulture, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, Affinity chromatography, Acetone, medicine, Swelling, medicine.symptom, Sodium carbonate, Molecular Biology
Abstract

The vesicular packing material (VP) prepared from cell walls of a suspension culture of Chenopodium album was modified to increase its binding capacity for galactose-specific lectins. Partial depolymerization of pectin was accompanied by an increase in lectin binding capacity (LBC) per g dry sorbent irrespective of whether this process was caused by a treatment at high pH (2% sodium carbonate, pH ca 11) and moderate temperature (25–40°) or by a heat treatment (100°) at pH 7 or 8. Therefore, depolymerization, not de-esterification of pectin, seems to be essential for the increase of the LBC. Because of its high LBC, the VP material treated for 2 hr with 2% sodium carbonate at 35° (VP2 35 ) was selected for further modification. If this material was dried from an alcohol and the obtained shrunken particles were incubated for some hours at room temperature in acetone or another hydrophilic organic medium containing a mineral acid, the swelling of the particles at subsequent equilibration with water was irreversibly reduced due to cross-linking of the folded walls, probably by the formation of ester bonds. An optimized cross-linking treatment of VP2 35 with acetone containing 2% HCl caused an increase of the LBC per bed volume of the packed material, which resulted both from the decrease of the bed volume and additional increase of the LBC per g dry material. This treatment largely improves the properties of the VP2 35 as an affinity sorbent for galactose-specific lectins.

Published
1994

30. Affinity sorbent for galactose specific lectins consisting of deproteinized plant cell wall ghosts

Author

Kerstin Luck, P. Ziska, H. Koppitz, and Rudolf Ehwald

Subjects
food.ingredient, biology, Pectin, Ricinus, food and beverages, Lectin, Plant Science, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Cell wall, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ricin, food, chemistry, Affinity chromatography, Biochemistry, Galactose, Genetics, Viscum album, biology.protein, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

Purified plant cell wall ghosts with high pectin content were investigated for affinity sorption of the galactose specific plant lectins from Ricinus communis L., Glycine max (L.) Merr. and Vviscum album L. The experiments were carried out with the previously described material Permselect prepared from suspension cultured cells of Chenopodium album L. which has been originally developed for permeation chromatography, and a similar material obtained from parenchyma of cabbagehead (Brassica oleracea L.). After a pretreatment with 2% Na2CO3 at room temperature, both cell wall materials showed strongly increased capacity for affinity binding of galactose specific lectins from the crude extracts. Ricin (RCA2) is the Ricinus lectin preferently bound to pretreated Permselect. Results are discussed with respect to cell wall composition and porosity as well as practical application of Permselect for purification of galactose specific lectins.

Published
1992

37. Akt and p53 are potential mediators of reduced mammary tumor growth by Chloroquine and the mTOR inhibitor RAD001

Author

Loehberg, Christian R., primary, Strissel, Pamela L., additional, Dittrich, Ralf, additional, Strick, Reiner, additional, Dittmer, Juergen, additional, Dittmer, Angela, additional, Fabry, Ben, additional, Kalender, Willi A., additional, Koch, Thorsten, additional, Wachter, David L., additional, Groh, Nicole, additional, Polier, Astrid, additional, Brandt, Ina, additional, Lotz, Laura, additional, Hoffmann, Inge, additional, Koppitz, Florentine, additional, Oeser, Sonja, additional, Mueller, Andreas, additional, Fasching, Peter A., additional, Lux, Michael P., additional, Beckmann, Matthias W., additional, and Schrauder, Michael G., additional

Published
2012
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40. The design and performance of the ZEUS micro vertex detector

Author

Polini, A., primary, Brock, I., additional, Goers, S., additional, Kappes, A., additional, Katz, U.F., additional, Hilger, E., additional, Rautenberg, J., additional, Weber, A., additional, Mastroberardino, A., additional, Tassi, E., additional, Adler, V., additional, Bauerdick, L.A.T., additional, Bloch, I., additional, Haas, T., additional, Klein, U., additional, Koetz, U., additional, Kramberger, G., additional, Lobodzinska, E., additional, Mankel, R., additional, Ng, J., additional, Notz, D., additional, Petrucci, M.C., additional, Surrow, B., additional, Watt, G., additional, Youngman, C., additional, Zeuner, W., additional, Coldewey, C., additional, Heller, R., additional, Gallo, E., additional, Carli, T., additional, Chiochia, V., additional, Dannheim, D., additional, Fretwurst, E., additional, Garfagnini, A., additional, Klanner, R., additional, Koppitz, B., additional, Martens, J., additional, Milite, M., additional, Tokushuku, K., additional, Redondo, I., additional, Boterenbrood, H., additional, Koffeman, E., additional, Kooijman, P., additional, Maddox, E., additional, Tiecke, H., additional, Vazquez, M., additional, Velthuis, J., additional, Wiggers, L., additional, Devenish, R.C.E., additional, Dawson, M., additional, Ferrando, J., additional, Grzelak, G., additional, Korcsak-Gorzo, K., additional, Matsushita, T., additional, Oliver, K., additional, Shield, P., additional, Walczak, R., additional, Bertolin, A., additional, Borsato, E., additional, Carlin, R., additional, Dal Corso, F., additional, Longhin, A., additional, Turcato, M., additional, Fusayasu, T., additional, Hori, R., additional, Kohno, T., additional, Shimizu, S., additional, Larsen, H.E., additional, Sacchi, R., additional, Staiano, A., additional, Arneodo, M., additional, Ruspa, M., additional, Butterworth, J., additional, Gwenlan, C., additional, Fraser, J., additional, Hayes, D., additional, Hayes, M., additional, Lane, J., additional, Nicholass, D., additional, Nixon, G., additional, Postranecky, M., additional, Sutton, M., additional, and Warren, M., additional

Published
2007
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44. The precision tracker of the OPERA detector

Author

Zimmermann, R., primary, Ebert, J., additional, Hagner, C., additional, Koppitz, B., additional, Saveliev, V., additional, Schmidt-Parzefall, W., additional, Sewing, J., additional, and Zaitsev, Y., additional

Published
2005
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