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The study objective was to evaluate the outcomes of slide tracheoplasty in infancy and identify predictors of adverse outcomes.We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of infants aged less than 1 year with congenital tracheal stenosis who underwent slide tracheoplasty at a single center from April 2010 to September 2020.Of 120 infants, 71.7% (86/120) had a pulmonary artery sling and 37.5% (45/120) had simultaneous intracardiac repairs. Additionally, 52.5% (63/120) of the patients had anomalous tracheobronchial arborization, and 17.5% (21/120) had diffuse tracheal stenosis. Six airway reoperations (5%) and 6 deaths (5%) occurred, and the mortality decreased annually. Multivariate analysis revealed that a low body weight, cardiovascular anomalies, and normal tracheobronchial arborization predicted a longer intubation duration. Univariate analysis revealed that a low body weight, preoperative invasive ventilation, a long cardiopulmonary bypass time, and granulation tissue were associated with death. After surgery, 26 patients had dysphagia, 24 of whom resumed oral feeding during follow-up. Ninety-two patients underwent chest computed tomography reexamination, and the trachea diameter had increased significantly from 2.32 ± 0.72 mm to 5.46 ± 1.24 mm. Nineteen and 29 patients underwent spirometry before and after surgery, respectively, and showed improvements in ventilation function, with the ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time and ratio of volume to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory volume values significantly improved from 19.80% (interquartile range, 16.90-23.80) and 23.10% (interquartile range, 21.10-25.90) to 26.80% (interquartile range, 21.20-34.40) and 30.20% (interquartile range, 25.00-34.50), respectively (P .05).A tailored individual management strategy of slide tracheoplasty in infancy facilitates favorable clinical outcomes. Close postoperative follow-up and long-term functional evaluations including clinical symptoms and pulmonary function are still needed.

Although lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have many advantages, they cannot satisfy the demands of numerous large energy storage industries owing to their high cost, low security, and low resource richness. Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) with low cost, high safety, and high synergistic efficiency have attracted an increasing amount of attention and are considered a promising choice to replace LIBs. However, the existing cathode materials for ZIBs have many shortcomings, such as poor electron and zinc ion conductivity and complex energy storage mechanisms. Thus, it is crucial to identify a cathode material with a stable structure, substantial limit, and suitability for ZIBs. In this review, several typical cathode materials for ZIBs employed in recent years and their detailed energy storage mechanisms are summarized, and various methods to enhance the electrochemical properties of ZIBs are briefly introduced. Finally, the existing problems and expected development directions of ZIBs are discussed.

Among the various anodes, Li3VO4 is a potential intercalation kind anode used in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) that exhibits safer discharge voltage and higher capacity than graphite, a lower voltage plateau than Li4Ti5O12, and smaller volume difference in the Li+ intercalation/deintercalation process than metals and alloys. However, the comparatively low electronic conductivity, low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and serious capacity decay make the Li3VO4 anode unviable when it comes to practical implementation. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress of Li3VO4 in recent years, mainly including the strategies of developing different synthesis methods to construct unique morphology, through coating, compositing or elemental doping to increase the ICE, electronic conductivity and the cycle constancy. Moreover, the application of Li3VO4 anode materials in other energy storage systems is summarized. Lastly, the development prospect and challenge of Li3VO4 anodes are discussed.

The tensile properties and microstructure of hot extruded GW84 alloy stretching at 200 °C, 250 °C and 300 °C were investigated. The results showed that the alloys had excellent high temperature mechanical properties, when stretching at 250 °C, the ultimate tensile strength of alloy reached peak value, 393 MPa, and the tensile strength stretching at 300 °C reached 354 MPa. During high temperature tensile process, the microstructure markedly changed, which is not recognised in previous researches. Stretching at 200 °C, the precipitate phase was still metastable β′ phase. However, when stretching at 250 °C, the nano β′ precipitate transformed into nano β phase (β′ → β), and the precipitation mechanism is mainly inoculation nucleation of β phase. When stretching at 300 °C, the number of β precipitates increased significantly at triangular grain boundaries, which grew up to sub-micron particles, and precipitation mechanism is mainly growth and coarsening.

Summary COVID-19 is presenting a colossal challenge to frontline NHS staff. This paper highlights how plastic surgery teams can use their diverse skills and resources in times of crisis. Through effective strategy and leadership we present how we are adapting as a department to serve our plastic surgery patients, other hospital teams and the Trust.

The strategy of “template sacrifice method” was proposed to synthesize well-defined NiSb/CoSb nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanosphere (Ni-Co-Sb/C, ~560 nm) by calcination treatment of the Ni-Co-MOF (metal-organic framework) precursor. Due to the structural controllability of MOF precursor and Ni/Co bimetallic synergy, the fabricated Ni-Co-Sb/C demonstrates a high surface area (88 m2 g−1) and superior ion conductivity, thus an excellent electrochemical performance as has been achieved as lithium ion battery (LIB) anode. A reversible discharge specific capacity as high as 495.1 mAh g−1 has been stably delivered after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A g−1. In addition, the charge transfer impedance of Ni-Co-Sb/C electrode is as low as 67.6 Ω in the 30th cycle at 0.1 A g−1 and the pseudocapacitive contribution is as high as 73.8% at 0.5 mV s−1. The alloying mechanism of Ni-Co-Sb/C has been verified by in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), which enables a high lithium storage capacity. Moreover, the full-cell assembled with LiCoO2 as cathode exhibits a steady discharge specific capacity of 354.0 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 even after 100 cycles. Our work provides an effective method for the application and high-capacity Sb-based material in energy storage fields, and this material is expected as a promising candidate for a novel anode material in LIBs.

This study investigated the morphologic characteristics of congenital heart disease (CHD) combined with anomalous tracheobronchial arborization (ATBA) to provide new considerations for surgically treating congenital tracheal stenosis.A retrospective review of surgical experience with ATBA was conducted of 147 patients. The proportion of patients with ATBA combined with tracheal stenosis was determined. Four ATBA types were identified: type A, tracheal bronchus (n = 58); type B, bronchial trifurcation (n = 46); type C, bridging bronchus (n = 38); and type D, tracheal bronchus combined with bronchial trifurcation (n = 5). The rate of tracheoplasty for each type was determined. We measured the carina/pseudocarina angle and assessed the distribution of CHD, especially pulmonary artery sling.The tracheal diameter of 14 patients (24.1%) with type A and 5 patients (10.9%) with type B was normal. There were 128 patients with tracheal stenosis and complete tracheal rings; of them, 113 patients received tracheoplasty. The tracheoplasty rate was higher for type C than type A (100% vs 62.1%, P.001). The carina/pseudocarina angle was significantly reduced postoperatively (P.001). The repair in 78 patients (60.9%) was combined with a pulmonary artery sling. A pulmonary azygos lobe was found in 10 patients (6.8%) and was resected.ATBA is common in patients with congenital tracheal stenosis and may be associated with abnormal embryonic development. The new classification of ATBA has clinical significance in treating patients with congenital tracheal stenosis. The poor tracheal development cannot be explained merely with vascular compression. Tracheoplasty is currently the optimal option for every type.

The Sensing network attack connection has the characteristics of behavioral variability and complexity. It is not feasible to construct an abnormal intrusion detection model by using behavior mining technology based on traditional clustering. According to the characteristics of Sensing network attack behavior, this paper proposed a Sensing network attack detection algorithm based on improved multi-cluster. Firstly, it used improved spatial clustering algorithm to reduce spatial data feature dimensions and feature computational complexity during attack detection. Secondly, it used improved K-means clustering algorithm to classify spatial datasets. Ant colony optimization algorithm is used to detect whether there is Sinkhole attack in routing and generate alert information of sensor nodes. Finally, it used improved evidence accumulation clustering algorithm to calculate the difference distance between each isolated point and the cluster centroid and it also used matrix clustering algorithm to calculate the detection threshold and determine the attack behavior in the Sensing network. P2P trust model is used to calculate the trust value of each node in the list of suspect nodes, and the node whose trust value is lower than the preset threshold is regarded as the attack node. Through the attack detection experiment based on KDD 99 dataset, the comparison with the detection results of different algorithm s shows that the proposed algorithm has higher detection rate and lower false positive rate.

In this study, NaV3O8 nanorods are successfully prepared using nonionic surface-active agents Pluronic-F127 as structure-directing agent. The as-prepared NaV3O8 nanorods calcinated at different temperatures are characterized by various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The NaV3O8 calcinated at 400 °C for 20 h shows appropriate sizes and uniform morphologies of the nanorods, 4–7 μm in length and 0.2–0.5 μm in diameter. The NaV3O8 nanorods as cathode materials for Na-ion batteries deliver high discharge capacity reaching up 110.4 mAh g−1 at current density of 120 mA g−1, as well as long lifespan by maintaining capacity of 162.1 mAh g−1 after 500 charge-discharge cycles. Also, a high reversible capacity of 83.9 mAh g−1 can be retained after 500 cycles at high rate of 2 A g−1. The obtained outstanding electrochemical performances are associated with the unique micro-nano structures, which does not only facilitate transport of Na+ ion, but also resist erosion from electrolytes. Overall, the results suggest the promise of NaV3O8 nanorods as cathode materials for high capacity, high power and long lifespan Na-ion batteries. This work may open an innovative route to discover diverse electrode materials with nanostructure for energy storage system.

Mg-11Gd-2Y-0.5Zr(wt.%, the same below) alloy was prepared by vacuum induction furnace. The creep behavior of the alloy at 200–270 °C/110-150 MPa was studied. Constitutive equation of steady state creep rate was constructed. The evolution of precipitated phases in α-Mg matrix and grain boundary before and after creep was analyzed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that Mg-11Gd-2Y-0.5Zr alloy has excellent creep resistance. The steady state creep rate increases with the increase of stress and temperature. The steady state creep rate is only 7.75 × 10 −9 s −1 at 270 °C/130 MPa. The average stress exponent and creep activation energy are 3.62 and 40.3420607 kJ/mol, respectively, at 200–270 °C/110-150 MPa. The creep mechanism is mainly dislocation slip and grain boundary slip. The fine β′ phase in the α-Mg matrix coarsens gradually and becomes elliptical, triangular distribution and interconnection. The β′ at grain boundary evolves into the equilibrium phase β. There is precipitation free zone (PFZ) on the side of grain boundary due to the sliding of grain boundary.

A series of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/polytriphenylamine composites were successfully synthesized by ultrasound dispersion method. LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/polytriphenylamine (5.0 wt%) composite with small and homogeneous particle size exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, which delivered an initial discharge capacity of 223.7 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 84.39% after 100 cycles in the voltage range of 2.5–4.5 V and at a current density of 0.2C. Moreover, an excellent specific discharge capacity of 127.3 mAh g−1 at a current density 5C indicates a superior rate performance of the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/polytriphenylamine (5.0 wt%) composite. The good electrochemical performances of the composite can be attributed to the introduction of polytriphenylamine, which increased electrical conductivity, decreased charge transfer resistance and increased Li+ ion diffusion ability. These noteworthy results demonstrated that LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/polytriphenylamine composites might be potential cathode materials for lithium ion batteries.

Because of sodium abundance, sodium ion batteries attract a lot of attention for advanced energy storage applications. As the main member of cathodes, NASICON-type structured Na3V2(PO4)3 contributes excellent ion shuttling rate and structure stability. However, the low electrical conductivity (

ZnSe is regarded as a promising anode material for reversible Li-ion batteries because of its high theoretical capacity. Herein, we report a facile chemical precipitation method to controllably synthesize ZIF-8 nanocubes and then select them as sacrificial templates to prepare ZnSe nanoparticles embedded N-doped carbon nanocubes. The as-obtained ZnSe/carbon nanocomposite at 600 °C demonstrates a high initial discharge capacity of 1170.8 mAh g−1 with the initial columbic efficiency of 68.8% at the current density of 0.1 A g−1 in the voltage range of 0.01–3 V. In addition, it displays a reversible capacity of 1166.6 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at the current density of 0.5 A g−1, indicating the excellent cyclic stability for the designed composites. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be ascribed to its high specific surface area (493.45 m2 g−1) and unique mesoporous structure, which provides efficient Li+ transport channels and additional storage sites. Furthermore, the existence of faradaic pseudocapacitance in ZnSe/carbon nanocomposites also affords additional capacity and contributes to the increased capacity with respect to charge/discharge cycle number.

To preliminarily investigate the feasibility of bioabsorption tracheal stenting for the therapeutic application of congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS).Experimental research.Shanghai Children Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center.Five kinds of magnesium alloys with different compositions were studied in this paper, a patented Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy series namely JDBM (JiaoDa BioMg) and four Mg-Ca-Zn alloys. The cytotoxicity of alloys was evaluated by the MTS ([3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay in rabbit tracheal epithelial cells. Specific magnesium alloys had been immersed in the cell culture medium for 24 h. The tracheal stents that were made of magnesium alloy were implanted into the trachea of New Zealand rabbits and the ablation of the stent was monitored by fiber bronchoscopy. The routine blood examination was conducted prior to and following the stent placement. The rabbits were euthanized following 2-3 months of stenting. HE staining of the main organs was conducted and the induction of apoptosis of the tracheal tissues was monitored.The cytotoxicity of the JDBM magnesium alloy was mild and lower than the remaining 4 alloys. The stents were placed successfully in five animals. The tracheal stents were successfully placed and gradually biodegradated as monitored by fiber bronchoscopy; no significant systemic inflammatory response was noted. No significant differences in the liver and/or kidney function prior to and following stent placement were noted. HE staining indicated the absence of pathological changes in the trachea, liver, heart and/or kidney tissues. The apoptotic assay indicated that the apoptosis ratio of the tracheal tissues was comparable between rabbits with and without tracheal stenting.The results suggested the feasibility of bioabsorption stents made of biodegradable magnesium alloys using in patients with tracheal stenosis, especially in infants.

Meibomian gland carcinoma (MGC) is a malignant eyelid tumor with a high malignancy degree and poor prognosis. However, the lack of suitable cell and animal models has limited the study of MGC pathogenesis. In the present study, we established and identified one human MGC cell and one meibomian gland (MG) cell model by fresh surgical resection tissue block primary culture and differentially expressed gene assays. The outgrowth of MGC and MG cells was periodically observed after primary culture, and the first passage of MGC cells proceeded on the 14th day, whereas that for MG cells after three weeks. Cell ultrastructures were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Immunofluorescence staining showed that MGC and MG cells were both positive for cytokeratin (CK) and androgen receptor (AR). Orange granules were observed in the cytoplasm of MGC and MG cells using Oil red O staining, but they were stronger for MG cells than for MGC. CCK-8 detection demonstrated that the proliferation ability of MGC cells was stronger than that of MG cells. Moreover, during RNA sequence analyses, 3023 differential expressed genes were detected between MGC and MG cells. These genes were involved in biological processes such as cell division and positive regulation of cell migration; the signaling pathways mainly covered cell cycle and DNA replication. Further, the tumorigenic potential of MGC cells was examined by inoculating them subcutaneously into the right abdomen of three severely immunodeficient NOD -SCID mice. Transplanted tumors formed on day 11 after inoculation. The xenograft mouse tissues retained the same histological characteristics as the human MGC original tumor and MGC primary cells. Altogether, these results showed that the MGC and MG models were successfully cultured and established, and differentially expressed genes were successfully detected. We provided a useful model and molecular basis for studying the biological characteristics and pathogenesis of human MGC.

This paper presents an in-process inspection approach for quality control of non-diffuse curved surfaces based upon an evolution of conventional photometric stereo. An inverse reflectance model is proposed to reveal the non-linear reflectance behaviour of general non-diffuse surfaces from images based on a neural network. The model can directly be used to drive a high accurate photometric stereo which only requires a single RGB image with a pre-captured collocated image. This allows the technique to realize in-process inspection of moving surfaces with micro-second level capturing rate. Experimental study confirms the excellent texture recovery and defect detection capabilities in mass production.

In this work, NaNb0.018V2.982O8 (NVO-0.018Nb) composite was served as the cathode of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) to deliver a superior Na-storage capacity of 187 mA h g−1 at the current density of 1 C and voltage range of 1.5–4.0 V, and favorable energy density (419.3 Wh kg−1). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements displayed decreased charge transfer resistance in the NVO-0.018Nb composite. The detailed kinetic analysis revealed enhanced surface-controlled behaviors, leading to improved sodium-storage capability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses demonstrated that NVO-0.018Nb composite exhibited unique structure with significantly enhanced structural stability during fast cycling. In sum, the proposed method looks promising for the design of future advanced electrode materials of SIBs.

Conjugated carbonyl compounds with high theoretical capacity, low cost, structural flexibility and abundant resources are potential cathodes in metal-ion batteries (lithium-LIBs, sodium-SIBs, kalium-KIBs). Regrettably, their inherent drawbacks of high solubility and low electrical conductivity limit their further application. Herein, different mass ratios of reduced graphene oxide wrapped poly (1,5-anthraquinonyl sulfide) (PAQS/rGO) composites were prepared through a calcination-treatment process aiming at decreasing the dissolution and enhancing the conductivity. XRD, FTIR and Raman analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of PAQS. XRD analysis also confirmed the conversion of GO to rGO. Four-probe test results showed that the conductivity of composites increased as the rGO ratio increased. SEM images showed that PAQS/rGO composites presented microsphere morphologies. Profiting from the enhanced conductivity and limited dissolution in electrolyte, the PAQS2 (the mass ratios of PAQS and rGO is 10:2) composite exhibited outstanding performance both in half- and full-batteries. In LIBs/SIBs, PAQS2 exhibited reservable discharge capacities of 121 and 115 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 after 200 and 400 cycles, respectively. In PTPAn/PAQS2 all-organic Li/Na-ion batteries, reservable charge/discharge capacities of 42.1/39 and 42.1/40.4 mAh g−1 were retained at 50 mA g−1 after 200 cycles, respectively. Ex-situ FT-IR analysis further performed the redox reaction of carbonyl groups during charging and discharging.

The development of lithium-ion batteries is hindered by the lack of appropriate low-cost cathode materials with high performance. Here, the preparation of Cu-coated Li3V2(PO4)3/C (x% Cu-LVPC) composites is reported via a chemical precipitation and self-reduction method. With an optimized Cu coating content of 2.0 wt%, the 2.0% Cu-LVPC composite displays the best electrochemical properties. The initial discharge capacity of 2.0% Cu-LVPC is 175 mA h g−1 at 0.15 C (30 mA g−1) in the voltage range from 3.0 to 4.8 V and the capacity retention is 86.3% after 50 cycles, whereas pristine LVPC has an initial capacity of 163 mA h g−1 and retains 82.2% of the capacity after 50 cycles. Moreover, the rate capacity of 2.0% Cu-LVPC is also increased under different current densities and 2.0% Cu-LVPC exhibits excellent long-term cycling performance of 89 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 10 C. The enhanced electrochemical properties are attributed to the uniform coating of the metal conductor Cu on the LVPC surface, which is conducive to electron transfer and extraction/insertion of Li+ ions.

LiV 3 O 8 /poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (LVO/PEDOT) composites were synthesized via an in-situ oxidative polymerization process. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, galvanostatic discharge/charge tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques are used to characterize the as-prepared samples. The results demonstrated that the electrochemical performances of LVO/PEDOT composites have greatly improved in comparison with bare LVO. The discharge capacities of 20 wt% LVO/PEDOT composite are 270, 265, 252, 240, and 229 mAh g − 1 and ˃95% capacity retention is maintained after the charge-discharge 50 cycles at the current densities of 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 mA g − 1 , respectively. A high reversible capacity of 176 mAh g − 1 (only 58 mAh g − 1 for the bare LVO) can be maintained after 50 cycles at a very high current rate of 2000 mA g − 1 . Electrochemical impedance spectra results implied that the 20 wt% LVO/PEDOT composite revealed a decreased charge transfer resistance and increased Li + ions diffusion ability. This noteworthy improvement is ascribed to the combination of PEDOT, which can act just as a defending layer to inhibit the LVO from direct contact with electrolyte and buffer volume change, and act just as a conductive network to improve the electronic conductivity, thus cycling stability and rate capability are improved.

LiV 3 O 8 /10 wt% poly(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) composite was prepared by a in situ chemical oxidative polymerization process and applied as cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Due to the introduction of poly(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) and electrochemical synergistic effect, the composite demonstrated better rate capabilities and cycling performances compared to the bare LiV 3 O 8 sample.

The β′ phase rapid transformation of peak-aging hot extruded GW84 alloy after short secondary aging at 250 °C and 300 °C were studied in this paper. The results show that strengthening phase, β′ phase (Mg7(Gd,Y,Sm)) changed obviously, which is not recognised in previous studies. The strengthening phase is metastable β′ at first aging 200 °C × 96 h. After secondary aging at 250 °C for 7 min, some β′ precipitates transform into nano β (Mg5(Gd,Y,Sm)) particles, which exist at grain boundary, but there are still some β′ precipitates remaining at grain boundary. After secondary aging for 300 °C × 7 min, β′ precipitates completely transform into β particles, which grow up to sub-micron particles at grain boundary.

Mg-8Gd-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy and Mg-8Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy were prepared by casting method in this paper. The microstructures of the two alloys after hot compression at 350–500 °C and strain rate of 0.002–1 s−1 were studied, and the critical strain of dynamic recrystallization was calculated. It is found that the critical strain of dynamic recrystallization decrease because of Sm addition. Therefore, the Mg-8Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr alloy recrystallizes easily. Due to the addition of Sm, more dynamic precipitates (β) are produced in Mg-8Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr alloy during hot compression. The β phase increases the dynamic recrystallization nucleation rate and refines the dynamic recrystallized grains. The dynamic recrystallization mechanism of Mg-8Gd-3Sm-0.5Zr alloy are continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) and particle stimulated nucleation (PSN).

In this study, Ag2V4O11 was employed as an additive to boost the electrochemical performance of Li4Ti5O12. A series of Li4Ti5O12/Ag2V4O11 composites with different Ag2V4O11 mass ratios of 3 wt.%, 5 wt.% and 8 wt.% were prepared using liquid-phase dispersion method to yield compounds abbreviated as Li4Ti5O12/Ag2V4O11 (3 wt.%), Li4Ti5O12/Ag2V4O11 (5 wt.%) and Li4Ti5O12/Ag2V4O11 (8 wt.%), respectively. Among them, Li4Ti5O12/Ag2V4O11 (5 wt.%) composite displayed a considerable initial discharge specific capacity of 252.4 mAh g−1 at 30 mA g − 1 which still maintained at 152.0 mAh g−1 over 500 cycles. At 1200 mA g−1, a capacity of 69.0 mAh g−1 was retained over 5,000 cycles. The electrode kinetic studies revealed that the introduction of Ag2V4O11 phase boosted the transport rate of lithium ion and the electronic conductivity of Li4Ti5O12. In-situ XRD tests related that Ag2V4O11 was decomposed to in situ produce metallic Ag on Li4Ti5O12 after cycle. In a word, Li4Ti5O12/Ag2V4O11 (5 wt.%) composite was a promising as the electrode material in lithium-ion batteries. The data also provided a fire-new method to enhance the electrochemical property of Li4Ti5O12.