1. Two sources of magnetosheath ions observed by Cluster in the mid-altitude polar cusp
- Author
-
C. P. Escoubet, Andrew Fazakerley, Matthew Taylor, M. W. Dunlop, Arnaud Masson, Frederic Pitout, H. E. Laakso, C. Vallat, H. Rème, J. M. Bosqued, Jean Berchem, Karlheinz Trattner, Iannis Dandouras, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] (IGPP), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center (ATC), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Space Science and Technology Department [Didcot] (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), and University College of London [London] (UCL)
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Mathematics::Number Theory ,Population ,Aerospace Engineering ,Magnetosphere ,Subsolar point ,Astrophysics ,Atmospheric sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Magnetosheath ,0103 physical sciences ,Interplanetary magnetic field ,education ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Physics ,education.field_of_study ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Magnetic reconnection ,Magnetopause ,Geophysics ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Magnetospheric physics ,Physics::Space Physics ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Cusp (anatomy) ,Cusp and boundary layers - Abstract
International audience; Double cusps have been observed on a few occasions by polar orbiting spacecraft and ground-based observatories. The four Cluster spacecraft observed two distinct regions, showing characteristics of a double cusp, during a mid-altitude cusp pass on 7 August 2004. The Wind spacecraft detected a southward turning of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) at the beginning of the cusp crossings and IMF-Bz stayed negative throughout. Cluster 4 observed a high energy step in the ion precipitation around 1 keV on the equatorward side of the cusp and a dense ion population in the cusp centre. Cluster 1, entering the cusp around 1 min later, observed only a partial ion dispersion with a low energy cutoff reaching 100 eV, together with the dense ion population in the cusp centre. About 9 min later, Cluster 3 entered the cusp and observed full ion dispersion from a few keV down to around 50 eV, together with the dense ion population in the centre of the cusp. The ion flow was directed poleward and eastward in the step/dispersion, whereas in the centre of the cusp the flow was directed poleward and westward. In addition the altitude of the source region of ion injection in the step/dispersion was found 50% larger than in the cusp centre. This event could be explained by the onset of dayside reconnection when the IMF turned southward. The step would be the first signature of component reconnection near the subsolar point, and the injection in the centre of the cusp a result of anti-parallel reconnection in the northern dusk side of the cusp. A three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation is used to display the topology of the magnetic field and locate the sources of the ions during the event.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF