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Hierarchical 1-D CdS nanorods adorned with MoS2-SnS2 nanocomposites were developed by a simple solvothermal method at nano-regime. In the present work, we noticed a tremendous enhancement in H2 evolution by loading MoS2-SnS2 nanostructures on 1D-CdS nanorods under the solar light irradiation. Notably, for the CdS/MoS2-SnS2 (6 wt%) nanocomposites, the hydrogen production rate reached to 185.36 mmol. h−1. g−1., this is much higher than that of pristine CdS (2.5 mmol. h−1. g−1) and 6 wt% of MoS2 loaded CdS nanorods (123 mmol. h−1. g−1). The efficient photocatalytic performance in MoS2-SnS2 loaded CdS nanorods could be due to high light harvesting capability, bifurcation of electron-hole pairs, trapping sites, active catalytic zones, migration of charge carriers towards the surface of a semiconductor, and suitable energy levels. We strongly believe that the current design plan on the synthesis of MoS2-SnS2 loaded CdS nanorods and its efficiency for catalytic performance towards hydrogen evolution is an inherent alternative route for sustainable energy production.

Understanding healthcare-seeking patterns for respiratory illness can help improve estimations of disease burden and inform public health interventions to control acute respiratory disease in Indonesia. The objectives of this study were to describe healthcare-seeking behaviors for respiratory illnesses in one rural and one urban community in Western Java, and to explore the factors that affect care seeking. From February 8, 2012 to March 1, 2012, a survey was conducted in 2520 households in the East Jakarta and Bogor districts to identify reported recent respiratory illnesses, as well as all hospitalizations from the previous 12-month period. We found that 4% (10% of those less than 5years) of people had respiratory disease resulting in a visit to a healthcare provider in the past 2weeks; these episodes were most commonly treated at government (33%) or private (44%) clinics. Forty-five people (0.4% of those surveyed) had respiratory hospitalizations in the past year, and just over half of these (24/45, 53%) occurred at a public hospital. Public health programs targeting respiratory disease in this region should account for care at private hospitals and clinics, as well as illnesses that are treated at home, in order to capture the true burden of illness in these communities.

The development of novel highly efficient semiconductor metal oxide catalysts for enhanced photocatalytic dye degradation had of great significance. Herein, we report the synthesis of novel and highly efficient CuO/BiOI nanocomposite (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 wt % of CuO) semiconductor photocatalysts by a facile hydrothermal method. High crystallinity of tetragonal structure had observed from XRD studies. From SEM and TEM studies flower like morphology had observed up to 30% of CuO in CuO/BiOI nanocomposite and for 40% of CuO nanoflower like morphology slightly diminishes. EDAX and XPS spectra depict the presence of Bi, O, I, Cu only no other impurities had observed. Stretching and bending vibrational modes had observed from FTIR analysis. Bandgap decreases gradually upto 30% of CuO in CuO/BiOI nanocomposite and slightly increases for 40% of CuO in CuO/BiOI nanocomposite. Decrease in peak intensity due to charge carriers were observed from Photoluminescence studies Photocatalytic activity had estimated by the degradation of methyl orange (MO) solution under visible light irradiation. The flower-like morphology of 30% CuO in CuO/BiOI nanocomposite showed the high absorption ability to facilitate the generation of charge carriers as well as active oxygen species.

Photocatalytic H2 generation through water splitting using heterogeneous semiconductor nanostructures under the beneath of sunlight is a significant route for alternation of renewable energy. In this perception we fabricated novel hierarchical CdS/MoS2-CoSe2 nanostructures via facile solvothermal route combined with ultra-sonication technique. Optical studies explored that synthesized nanostructures are most reliable host lattices for harvesting of visible light owing to their optimum energy band gap. The MoS2-CoSe2 encumbered on CdS nanorods component provided immense of hydrogen evolution (191.5 mmolg−1 h−1) with outstanding stability. It is noteworthy that the observed H2 evolution rate is much higher in synthesized structures as compared to numerous reported CdS based nanohybrids. The robust H2 evolution rate and outstanding stability may be owing to fast charge carriers separation and migration between CdS and MoS2-CoSe2, creation of huge surface area and broad light harvesting nature. It is evident from PL, optical, photocurrent and impedance results. From the obtained results we believe that the proposed design strategy is preferable path way to develop new type of photocatalysts with robust H2 evolution rate.