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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:14:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-02-15 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Recent environmental and health concerns have been pushing the society for the consumption of natural and sustainable products, as for example, the use of natural colorants as additives to impart color. Talaromyces amestolkiae are natural producers of red colorants at both extracellular and cell-bond state, so are very important for the dye industry. T. amestolkiae cells are constituted by a complex and rigid cell wall structure, which contain a major fraction of the total colorants content. The use of environmentally friendly, biocompatible and high-efficiency cell disruption procedures is thus critical for the recovery of the intracellular colorants. An alternative approach using imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) was applied to recover the intracellular colorants from T. amestolkiae fungi. First, the cell disruption ability of a series 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ILs ([Cnmim]Cl) aqueous solutions was determined, assessing both the effect of increasing cationic alkyl chain length (n = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10) and IL concentration (30% and 45% w/v). [C4mim]Cl showed the highest extraction ability to recover red, orange and yellow colorants. In the second part, the extraction ability of [C4mim]Cl (at 45% w/v in water) was improved, by combining the IL solution chemical treatment with a mechanical (ultrasound-temperature-assisted) cell disrupting method. At this point, the incubation time (at 60 °C and 150 rpm) after sonication, number sonication pulses (5 min ON) and re-extraction effects were screened as parameters for increasing the cell disruption. The mechanical-assisted method allowed an increase of almost 3-fold in the extractive performance of [C4mim]Cl solution, achieving a maximum recovery of 76.07 UA490nm/mL of red colorants. The results demonstrate the potential of [C4mim]Cl solution as chemical cell-disrupting aid in ultrasound-temperature-based methods to improve the recovery of intracellular colorants from complex filamentous fungi cells. Department of Engineering Bioprocesses and Biotechnology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Culture Collection DPUA/UFAM Universidade Federal do Amazonas Univ Coimbra CIEPQPF Department of Chemical Engineering Rua Sílvio Lima, Polo II - Pinhal de Marrocos Department of Engineering Bioprocesses and Biotechnology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) FAPESP: 2014/16424-7 FAPESP: FAPESP 2014/01580-3

The aim was to investigate the influence of D. trifida , C. allouia and D. altissima Amazonian tubers in gut bacteria growth in vitro and in vivo . The best result in vitro was D. trifida fiber that stimulated bacterial growth without significative difference of commercial inulin. Because of the great results, D. trifida and C. allouia were chosen for flours production and in vivo tests. These tubers studied were efficient for producing flours source of carbohydrate, tryptophan and valine and minerals both with different prebiotic effects. D. trifida and C. allouia flours have high carbohydrate content (84% and 81%), lower levels of lipids (0.9% and 0.9%), protein (2.3% and 4.2%), fiber (2.2% and 1.9%), minerals and essential amino acids. The rats gut microbiota were influenced by diet with D. trifida demonstrating an expressive bifidogenic effect and C. allouia influenced Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus population in the animals gut. Industrial relevance The flours of Dioscorea trifida and Calathea allouia are considered a simple technology that guarantees a longer shelf life for those tubers. The modulation effect on gut microbiota of rats is an unpublished evidence that increases value of the product. These results also suggest that the tubers consumption could be stimulated. In this study, we highlight evidences of beneficial health function of these tubers. This scientific study suggests that these tubers flours could be a tool for nutritional therapy. It also incentive the produce of flours to fomenting the productive chain, since the flour tuber technology use can contribute to the local economy.

Edible mushroom species are considered as an adequate source of food in a healthy diet due to high content of protein, fiber, vitamins, and a variety of minerals. The representatives of Pleurotus genus are characterized by distinct gastronomic, nutritional, and medicinal properties among the edible mushrooms commercialized worldwide. In the present study, the growth of mycelial biomass of Pleurotus albidus cultivated in submerged fermentation was evaluated. Saccharose, fructose, and maltose were the three main carbon sources for mycelial biomass formation with corresponding yields of 7.28 g L−1, 7.07 g L−1, and 6.99 g L−1. Inorganic nitrogen sources did not stimulate growth and the optimal yield was significantly higher with yeast extract (7.98 g L−1). The factorial design used to evaluate the influence of saccharose and yeast extract concentration, agitation speed, and initial pH indicated that all variables significantly influenced the production of biomass, especially the concentration of saccharose. The greater amount of saccharose resulted in the production of significantly more biomass. The highest mycelial biomass production (9.81 g L−1) was reached in the medium formulated with 30.0 g L−1 saccharose, 2.5 g L−1 yeast extract, pH 7.0, and a speed of agitation at 180 rpm. Furthermore, P. albidus manifested different aspects of morphology and physiology under the growth conditions employed. Media composition affected mycelial biomass production indicating that the diversification of carbon sources promoted its improvement and can be used as food or supplement.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:29:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-09-15 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Fungi bioproducts have recently become commercially important to the food and pharmaceutical industry. However, different structural forms exhibited by filamentous fungi throughout their life cycles are often a bottleneck for productivity in many industrial processes. In this work, the relationship among mycelium accumulation, morphology, and colorant production was evaluated. Experiments were performed in an incubator shaker and in a stirred-tank bioreactor. First, a series of nitrogen sources and pure vitamins were investigated as additives to the monosodium glutamate-glucose medium in order to improve Talaromyces amestolkiae red colorant production in the incubator shaker. MSG and pH played an important role in generating stress, which affected cell growth and colorants production. The colorant synthesis seems to be is triggered under metabolic stress. Next, the effects of starter culture composition (MSG-glucose and nitrogen complex starter media) and airflow (2.0 and 8.0 Lmin−1) were investigated in the bioreactor. After 120 h of cultivation in the bioreactor, a maximum red colorant production of 9.33 UA500nm, 72.38 % glucose consumption, and 4.53 g L-1 biomass concentration were achieved under complex nitrogen as starter medium at 8 Lmin−1. Growth remained at moderate level, probably affected by the synergistic effect of MSG and pH as stress factors. Moreover, pellets formation favored suitable oxygenation of the culture broth leading to the best consumption of the carbon source. Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Culture Collection DPUA/UFAM Universidade Federal do Amazonas Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP

A new alkaline protease from Nocardiopsis sp., isolated from a soil sample collected from the Northeast of Brazil is reported. The crude extract (CE) was designate as partially purified extract (PPE) after purification with ammonium sulphate (0–20%). Optimal pH and temperature for detection of protease activity were obtaining at pH 10.5 and 8.0, for CE and PPE, respectively, at 50 °C for both extracts. The enzyme was stable at alkaline pH and more than 75% activity was retained even after incubation for 120 min at pH's between 8.0 and 10.5, for both extracts. The use of specific inhibitors, made it possible to show that the enzyme belongs to the group of serine protease. Maximum protease activity was achieved at pH 8.0 (50 U/mg) for CE and at pH 10.0 for PPE (1260 U/mg). The CE was partial purified with Sephadex G-75 obtained 26-purification fold and 34% yield.