1. Affecting RNA biology genome-wide by binding small molecules and chemically induced proximity
- Author
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Jessica L. Childs-Disney, Lucas S. Ryan, Jared T. Baisden, and Matthew D. Disney
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Chemical biology ,Druggability ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Ligands ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Genome ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,Small Molecule Libraries ,Transcriptome ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,03 medical and health sciences ,Animals ,Humans ,Base Sequence ,RNA ,Translation (biology) ,Genomics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Pyrimidines ,030104 developmental biology ,Drug Design ,Models, Animal ,RNA splicing ,Proteome ,Azo Compounds ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
The ENCODE and genome-wide association projects have shown that much of the genome is transcribed into RNA and much less is translated into protein. These and other functional studies suggest that the druggable transcriptome is much larger than the druggable proteome. This review highlights approaches to define druggable RNA targets and structure-activity relationships across genomic RNA. Binding compounds can be identified and optimized into structure-specific ligands by using sequence-based design with various modes of action, for example, inhibiting translation or directing pre-mRNA splicing outcomes. In addition, strategies to direct protein activity against an RNA of interest via chemically induced proximity is a burgeoning area that has been validated both in cells and in preclinical animal models, and we describe that it may allow rapid access to new avenues to affect RNA biology. These approaches and the unique modes of action suggest that more RNAs are potentially amenable to targeting than proteins.
- Published
- 2021