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Introduction The aims of this study were to determine the crude age-and sex-adjusted prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus (DM), type 1 DM (DM1) and type 2 DM (DM2), and to compare the relationship with cardiovascular risk factors, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease and metabolic diseases among populations with and without DM. Methods SIMETAP-DM is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in a primary care setting, with a random population-based sample of 10,579 adults. Response rate: 66%. The diagnoses of DM, DM1 and DM2 were based on clinical and biochemical criteria and/or the checking of these diagnoses in medical records. The crude and age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates (standardised with the Spanish population) were calculated. Results The crude prevalence rates of DM1, DM2 and DM were 0.87% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.67–1.13), 14.7% (95% CI: 13.9–15.6) and 15.6% (95% CI: 14.7–16.5), respectively. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates of DM1, DM2 and DM were 1.0% (1.3% for men and 0.7% for women), 11.5% (13.6% for men and 9.7% for women) and 12.5% (14.9% for men and 10.5% for women), respectively. The prevalence of DM in the population ≥70 years was double (30.3% [95% CI: 28.0–32.7]) that of the population between 40 and 69 years old (15.3% [95% CI: 14.1–16.5%]). Hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, increased weight-to-height ratio, albuminuria, coronary heart disease, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia were associated with DM. Conclusions In a Spanish primary care setting, the age-adjusted prevalences of DM1, DM2 and DM in the adult population were 1.0, 11.5 and 12.5%, respectively. A third of the population over 70 years old suffered from DM.

Resumen Introduccion Los objetivos del estudio fueron determinar las tasas de prevalencia brutas y ajustadas por edad y sexo de diabetes mellitus (DM), DM tipo 1 (DM1) y DM tipo 2 (DM2), y comparar la asociacion de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, enfermedades cardiovasculares, enfermedad renal cronica y enfermedades metabolicas entre las poblaciones con y sin DM. Metodos SIMETAP-DM es un estudio observacional transversal realizado en atencion primaria, con una muestra aleatoria de base poblacional de 10.579 adultos. Tasa de respuesta: 66%. Los diagnosticos de DM, DM1 y DM2 se basaron en criterios clinicos y bioquimicos y/o en la comprobacion de estos diagnosticos en las historias clinicas. Se determinaron las prevalencias brutas y ajustadas por edad y sexo (estandarizadas con la poblacion espanola). Resultados Las prevalencias brutas de DM1, DM2 y DM fueron del 0,87% (intervalo de confianza al 95% [IC 95%]: 0,67-1,13), el 14,7% (IC 95%: 13,9-15,6) y el 15,6% (IC 95%: 14,7-16,5), respectivamente. Las prevalencias ajustadas por edad y sexo de DM1, DM2 y DM fueron del 1,0% (1,3% para hombres y 0,7% para mujeres), el 11,5% (13,6% para hombres y 9,7% para mujeres) y el 12,5% (14,9% para hombres y 10,5% para mujeres), respectivamente. La prevalencia de DM en la poblacion ≥ 70 anos era el doble (30,3% [IC 95%: 28,0-32,7]) que en la poblacion entre 40 y 69 anos (15,3% [IC 95%: 14,1-16,5%]). La hipertension arterial, la enfermedad arterial periferica, el indice cintura-talla aumentado, la albuminuria, la enfermedad coronaria, la dislipidemia aterogenica y la hipercolesterolemia se asociaban con la DM. Conclusiones En el ambito de la atencion primaria espanola, las prevalencias ajustadas por edad de DM1, DM2 y DM en la poblacion adulta fueron del 1,0, el 11,5 y el 12,5%, respectivamente. Un tercio de la poblacion mayor de 70 anos padecia DM.

Objective Knowing the profile of cardiovascular morbidity, degree of control and lifestyles in type 2 diabetes. Method Randomised multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 in primary care with 129 diabetics. It included sociodemographic variables, microvascular and macrovascular complications, organic damage, comorbidity and lifestyles of smoking, exercise and adherence to Mediterranean diet. Metabolic control was assessed with the latest annual glycosylated haemoglobin. Results 57% were men and 43% women. Metabolic control was acceptable (HbAc1%, 7.15%) without differences by town. 74.4% had cardiovascular comorbidity and the 99.2% risk factors. 23% were smokers and 41% sedentary with a 56% adherence to Mediterranean diet. Conclusions The cardiometabolic profile of diabetes includes retinopathy, peripheral arterial disease, comorbidity of hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors. Individual or group health education in self-care and healthy lifestyles can improve metabolic control.

Resumen Objetivo Conocer el perfil de morbilidad cardiovascular, grado de control y estilos de vida en diabetes tipo 2. Metodo Estudio transversal multicentrico aleatorizado realizado en 2015 en atencion primaria con 129 diabeticos. Incluyo variables sociodemograficas, complicaciones micro- y macrovasculares, dano organico, comorbilidad y estilos de vida de tabaquismo, ejercicio y adherencia a dieta mediterranea. El control metabolico se valoro con la ultima hemoglobina glucosilada anual. Resultados El 57,4% eran hombres y el 42,6% mujeres. El control metabolico fue aceptable (HbAc1%, 7,15%) sin diferencias por municipio. El 74,4% tenia comorbilidad cardiovascular y el 99,2% factores de riesgo. El 23,3% era fumador y el 41,1% sedentario, con una adherencia a dieta mediterranea del 56%. Conclusiones El perfil cardiometabolico de diabetes incluye retinopatias, enfermedad arterial periferica, comorbilidad de HTA y multiples factores de riesgo cardiovascular. La educacion para la salud individual o grupal en autocuidados y estilos saludables puede mejorar el control metabolico.