30 results on '"Nieves Sopena"'
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2. Efecto de una campaña de concienciación en el diagnóstico e impacto clínico de la inmunodeficiencia primaria
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Lourdes Mateu, Antoni Marin-Muñiz, Irma Casas, Gemma Rocamora, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Aina Teniente-Serra, Noemi Pàrraga, Nieves Sopena, Miguel Sabria, and Esteban Reynaga
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03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,business.industry ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
Resumen Antecedentes y objetivo Las deficiencias predominantemente de anticuerpos constituyen, en la actualidad, el grupo de inmunodeficiencias primarias (IDP) mas prevalente en adultos. Son enfermedades complejas desde el punto de vista clinico, catalogadas como minoritarias y que tienen a menudo un retraso inaceptable en su diagnostico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si un mejor conocimiento de estas entidades podia conllevar un incremento en el numero de diagnosticos, una reduccion en el intervalo al diagnostico y, por ende, una disminucion en la carga de enfermedad al diagnostico. Pacientes y metodos Se diseno un estudio de intervencion casi experimental y Unicentro, que incluyo dos periodos, periodo 1 preintervencion (1986-2008) y periodo 2 postintervencion (2009-2018). Se efectuo un estudio descriptivo comparativo de diversas variables en ambos periodos. Resultados Se incluyeron 116 pacientes [27 (23,3%) en el periodo 1 y 89 (76,7%) en el periodo 2]. La tasa de incidencia aumento de forma significativa (0,204 y 1,236/100.000 habs./ano; P Conclusiones Dadas las complicaciones potencialmente graves de los pacientes con diagnostico tardio de IDP, es necesaria la creacion de unidades multidisciplinarias especializadas, la unificacion de protocolos asistenciales y el diseno de intervenciones para la divulgacion de esta entidad.
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- 2021
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3. Mortalidad a corto y largo plazo de pacientes con indicación quirúrgica no intervenidos en el curso de la endocarditis infecciosa izquierda
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Francisco Gual, Nuria Vallejo Camazón, Elisabeth Berastegui, Lourdes Mateu, Germán Cediel, Lluisa Pedro-Botet, Albert Teis, Raquel Núñez Aragón, Gladys Juncà, Cinta Llibre, Christian Muñoz Guijosa, Jorge López Ayerbe, Ainhoa Vivero, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Nieves Sopena, María Dolores Quesada, and Elena Ferrer
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Gynecology ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,business.industry ,medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Resumen Introduccion y objetivos En endocarditis infecciosa (EI), la decision quirurgica es dificil. Un alto porcentaje de pacientes con indicacion quirurgica no son intervenidos. El objetivo fue evaluar el pronostico a corto y largo plazo de los pacientes con indicacion quirurgica, comparando los que se sometieron a cirugia con los que no lo hicieron. Metodos Se incluyeron 271 pacientes con EI izquierda e indicacion quirurgica tratados en el centro desde 2003 a 2018. Ochenta y tres pacientes (31%) no fueron finalmente operados. El objetivo primario fue la mortalidad a 60 dias y el secundario desde el dia 61 a los 3 anos de seguimiento. Se realizo regresion de Cox multivariable y emparejamiento por puntuacion de propension. Resultados A los 60 dias, 40 (21,3%) pacientes operados y 53 (63,9%) pacientes no intervenidos fallecieron (p Conclusiones Dos tercios de los pacientes con indicacion quirurgica no intervenidos fallecieron antes de 60 dias. Entre los supervivientes, la mortalidad a largo plazo depende mas de factores relacionados con comorbilidad previa que del tratamiento recibido durante el ingreso.
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- 2020
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4. Short- and long-term mortality in patients with left-sided infective endocarditis not undergoing surgery despite indication
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Lourdes Mateu, Nuria Vallejo Camazón, Cinta Llibre, Gladys Juncà, Jorge López Ayerbe, Germán Cediel, Ainhoa Vivero, Raquel Núñez Aragón, María Dolores Quesada, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Albert Teis, Nieves Sopena, Elena Ferrer, Francisco Gual, Elisabeth Berastegui, Lluisa Pedro-Botet, and Christian Muñoz Guijosa
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medicine.medical_specialty ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Clinical endpoint ,Humans ,Hospital Mortality ,Survivors ,Retrospective Studies ,Endocarditis ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Endocarditis, Bacterial ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Hospitalization ,Heart failure ,Infective endocarditis ,Propensity score matching ,Etiology ,business ,Atrioventricular block - Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES In infective endocarditis (IE), decisions on surgical interventions are challenging and a high percentage of patients with surgical indication do not undergo these procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term prognosis of patients with surgical indication, comparing those who underwent surgery with those who did not. METHODS We included 271 patients with left-sided IE treated at our institution from 2003 to 2018 and with an indication for surgery. There were 83 (31%) surgery-indicated not undergoing surgery patients with left-sided infective endocarditis (SINUS-LSIE). The primary outcome was all-cause death by day 60 and the secondary outcome was all-cause death from day 61 to 3 years of follow-up. Multivariable Cox regression and propensity score matching were used for the analysis. RESULTS At the 60-day follow-up, 40 (21.3%) surgically-treated patients and 53 (63.9%) SINUS-LSIE patients died (P
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- 2020
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5. Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección por Clostridioides difficile
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Gema Fernández-Rivas, Lourdes Mateu, and Nieves Sopena
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03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,business.industry ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
Resumen Clostridioides difficile es el principal responsable de la diarrea asociada con la atencion sanitaria en adultos. La incidencia de la infeccion por C. difficile (ICD) ha aumentado en los ultimos anos. El riesgo de recidivas de la ICD es del 15-25% en un primer episodio, y este riesgo se incrementa en los posteriores episodios. Las tecnicas de referencia para el diagnostico microbiologico de la ICD son el cultivo toxigenico y el ensayo de citotoxicidad. Son tecnicas laboriosas y lentas, por lo que han sido sustituidas en la practica clinica por la aplicacion de un algoritmo de varios pasos que incluye la deteccion de glutamato deshidrogenasa (GDH), toxinas y tecnicas moleculares. El tratamiento de eleccion de la ICD es la vancomicina. En los ultimos anos han aparecido nuevos farmacos y nuevas estrategias especialmente utiles en el tratamiento de las recidivas de la ICD.
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- 2020
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6. Encuesta de las medidas de control de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina en los hospitales que participan en el programa VINCat
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Núria Freixas-Sala, Anna Hornero-Lopez, Josefa Pérez-Jové, Nieves Sopena-Galindo, Enric Limon-Cáceres, Francesc Gudiol-Munté, and Feliu Bella-Cueto
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030106 microbiology ,030212 general & internal medicine - Abstract
Resumen Introduccion VINCat es un programa de vigilancia de la infeccion nosocomial en los hospitales de Cataluna. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el cumplimiento de las medidas de control de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (SARM) en dichos centros. Metodos De enero a marzo de 2013 se realizo una encuesta por correo sobre las caracteristicas de los hospitales y la aplicacion de las medidas de control de SARM. Resultados Respondieron 53 hospitales (> 500 camas: 7; 200-500 camas: 14; Conclusiones Este estudio informa sobre la implementacion de medidas preventivas de SARM en hospitales del programa VINCat. Aunque la mayoria de los hospitales disponen de un protocolo especifico, el cumplimento de las medidas es mejorable, especialmente la deteccion activa en pacientes de riesgo, la adherencia a la higiene de manos, la limpieza mas frecuente de la habitacion y la optimizacion del uso de antibioticos.
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- 2016
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7. Fe de errores: Encuesta de las medidas de control de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina en los hospitales que participan en el programa VINCat [Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2016;34(7):409–414]
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Nieves Sopena-Galindo, Francesc Gudiol-Munté, Núria Freixas-Sala, Josefa Pérez-Jové, Feliu Bella-Cueto, en representación del programa VINCat, Enric Limón Cáceres, and Anna Hornero-Lopez
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Microbiology (medical) ,Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease_cause - Published
- 2019
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8. Comparative molecular and antibody typing during the investigation of an outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease
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Marian Garcia-Nuñez, Sara Quero, Stella Catini, Maria Lluisa Pedro-Botet, Lourdes Mateu, Miguel Sabria, and Nieves Sopena
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Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Legionella ,Virulence ,Legionella pneumophila ,Disease Outbreaks ,Microbiology ,Medical microbiology ,Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Typing ,biology ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,Outbreak ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Bacterial Typing Techniques ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Infectious Diseases ,Spain ,Legionnaires' disease ,Legionnaires' Disease - Abstract
An outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease with 113 confirmed cases was reported in the town of Mataro, Spain, in August 2002. In this study, we compared three different typing methods and characterized the clinical isolates by comparing them with other clinical isolates with the same ST from our own database to further characterize the outbreak. In the outbreak, a total of 16 clinical (nine patients) and 32 environmental (from four environmental sources) Legionella pneumophila isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field electrophoresis (PFGE), sequence-based typing (SBT), and monoclonal antibody typing (MAb). We compared the MAb and SBT profiles of the outbreak clinical isolates and other unrelated clinical isolates showing the same ST profile. We obtained seven different PFGE and SBT profiles and six MAb patterns from the outbreak isolates. PFGE and SBT showed 100 % concordance during the outbreak. SBT proved to be highly discriminatory, particularly with the addition of the new neuA gene. One PFGE, SBT (ST-37), and Philadelphia profile was observed among the clinical isolates. Using PFGE, this ST37 Philadelphia profile was closely related to other unrelated clinical isolates. These findings suggest that the ST37 Philadelphia profile could be a virulence marker in our area. The combination of the three methodologies was useful to further characterize and obtain additional information on a very explosive outbreak. Despite the minor discrimination of PFGE versus SBT, the two genetic methods are recommended in outbreak investigations. Further studies are currently underway in this area to obtain more definitive conclusions.
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- 2013
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9. Surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in acute care hospitals. Results of the VINCat Program (2008–2010)
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N. Freixas, Lourdes Matas, E Limón, Nieves Sopena, Feliu Bella, Benito Almirante, and Miquel Pujol
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bacteremia ,medicine.disease_cause ,Risk Factors ,Acute care ,medicine ,Humans ,Infection control ,Prospective Studies ,Intensive care medicine ,Cross Infection ,Hospitals, Public ,MRSA colonization ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Length of Stay ,Staphylococcal Infections ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,medicine.disease ,Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Hospital Bed Capacity ,Spain ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Population Surveillance ,Emergency medicine ,Methicillin Resistance ,MRSA bacteremia ,business - Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common cause of healthcare-related infection. Surveillance and prevention of MRSA is a priority in infection control programs. The aim of this study was to describe rates and trends of MRSA colonization or infection in 40 hospitals participating in the VINCat Program from 2008 to 2010. The study included all patients treated in acute care areas of participating hospitals. Hospitals were stratified into 3 groups based on size. The following annual indicators were reported: Methicillin-resistance rate, incidence density of new cases of MRSA and incidence density of MRSA bacteremia. Between 2008 and 2010, the yearly mean rate of resistance to methicillin remained stable for the study period (24%–25%), while the mean incidence of new cases of MRSA decreased from 0.65 to 0.54 cases per 1000 patient-days (p=NS) and the mean incidence of MRSA bacteremia decreased from 0.06 to 0.05 cases per 1,000 patient-days (p=NS). The implementation of a MRSA surveillance system in hospitals that participated in the VINCat Program provides information on the situation of each institution and facilitated interhospital comparisons in order to establish appropriate preventive measures.
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- 2012
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10. Neumonía nosocomial en el enfermo no intubado
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Miquel Sabrià and Nieves Sopena
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Microbiology (medical) ,business.industry ,Medicine ,business ,Hospital-acquired pneumonia ,medicine.disease ,Humanities - Abstract
La neumonia nosocomial es una de las primeras causas de infeccion nosocomial. Aunque su incidencia es mas elevada en los enfermos intubados, alrededor de la mitad de los casos se produce en las areas de hospitalizacion convencional. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios en este ambito, por lo que la mayoria de los datos procede de series hospitalarias que incluyen a enfermos sometidos a ventilacion mecanica. Las diferencias epidemiologicas entre los enfermos intubados y los ingresados fuera de las unidades de cuidados intensivos sugieren que la etiologia y la actitud terapeutica no son totalmente equiparables en ambos grupos. En el siguiente articulo se revisa la epidemiologia, el diagnostico, el tratamiento y la prevencion de la neumonia nosocomial en las areas de hospitalizacion general.
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- 2005
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11. Fluoroquinolones vs Macrolides in the Treatment of Legionnaires Disease
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V. Baños, Nieves Sopena, Joaquín Gómez, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Blanca Vilaseca, Jorge Roig, and Miquel Sabrià
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Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Fever ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Erythromycin ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Levofloxacin ,Clarithromycin ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Antibacterial agent ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Length of Stay ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Surgery ,Pneumonia ,Treatment Outcome ,Female ,Legionnaires' disease ,Macrolides ,Legionnaires' Disease ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Fluoroquinolones ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Erythromycin has been the treatment of choice for Legionnaires disease (LD). However, treatment failure and experimental evidence of its bacteriostatic effect have led to evaluation of new drugs such as fluoroquinolones. This study compared the evolution of patients with LD treated with macrolides and fluoroquinolones. Methods A prospective observational study was performed, and 130 patients from three centers were included. Diagnoses were made using Legionella urinary antigen assay in all patients. Patients receiving any antibiotic > 36 h before starting the study therapy were excluded. Group 1 included 76 patients who received macrolides (33 patients with erythromycin and 43 patients with clarithromycin), and group 2 included 54 patients treated with fluoroquinolones (50 patients with levofloxacin and 4 patients with ofloxacin). Results No significant differences were seen between the two groups regarding age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake, underlying diseases, or community/hospital acquisition. The time from onset of LD symptoms until the initiation of antibiotic treatment was 78.5 h and 92.7 h in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.1). Time to apyrexia was significantly longer in the macrolide group (77.1 h vs 48 h for groups 1 and 2, respectively; p=0.000). There were no differences according to radiology, clinical complications, or mortality. Nevertheless, a trend to a longer hospital stay was observed in the macrolide group (9.9 days vs 7.6 days in groups 1 and 2, respectively; p=0.09). Conclusions Fluoroquinolones were as effective as erythromycin in the treatment of LD. It is of note that time to apyrexia was significantly shorter and hospital stay tended to be shorter in patients receiving fluoroquinolones.
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- 2005
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12. Varón de 54 años con fiebre intrahospitalaria tras intervención quirúrgica
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Marcelo Sánchez, Nieves Sopena, and Anna M. Merino
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine ,General Medicine ,business - Published
- 2005
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13. Multicenter Study of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Non-ICU Patients
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Nieves Sopena and Miquel Sabrià
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Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Legionella Pneumonia ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Hospital-acquired pneumonia ,Legionella pneumophila ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Aged ,Antigens, Bacterial ,Cross Infection ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Ventilator-associated pneumonia ,Pneumonia ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Spain ,Etiology ,Sputum ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Study objective To know the incidence, epidemiology, etiology, and outcome of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in non-ICUs adult patients. Setting Twelve Spanish teaching hospitals. Interventions From April 1999 to November 2000, non-ICU HAP was prospectively studied by active, bimonthly 1-week surveillance. Epidemiologic data, etiology, and evolution of pneumonia were recorded. Blood and sputum cultures and Legionella pneumophila and Streptococcus pneumoniae urinary antigen tests were performed. Results We included 186 patients, with complete data available in 165 patients (70.3% male gender; mean age, 63.7 ± 16.9 years [ ± SD]) The mean incidence of HAP was 3 ± 1.4 cases/1,000 hospital admissions. Most patients (64.2%) were in medical wards, had severe underlying diseases (66.6%), and had a hospital stay > 5 days (76.4%). Blood cultures were performed in 139 patients (84.2%), sputum cultures were performed in 89 patients (53.9%), and urinary antigen detection was performed in 123 patients (74.5%). An etiologic diagnosis was obtained in 60 cases (36.4%), and 31 were definitive. The most frequent etiologies were S pneumoniae (16 cases, 14 definitive), L pneumophila (7 cases, 7 definitive), Aspergillus sp (7 cases, 3 definitive), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7 cases, 2 definitive), and several Enterobacteriaceae (8 cases, 4 definitive). Clinical complications occurred in 52.1% of the cases, and mortality was 26% (13.9% attributed to pneumonia). Conclusions Non-ICU HAP is an important cause of hospital morbidity, observed most frequently in medical wards and elderly patients with severe underlying diseases. In this setting, S pneumoniae and Legionella sp should be considered in addition to other nosocomial pathogens; urinary antigen detection is useful in determining the prevalence of these microorganisms.
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- 2005
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14. Legionnaires Disease and HIV Infection*
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Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Celestino Rey-Joly, Miquel Sabrià, María Jesús Dominguez, Nieves Sopena, Esteban Reynaga, and Marian Garcia-Nuñez
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Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,HIV Infections ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Medical Records ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Risk Factors ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Internal medicine ,Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination ,Humans ,Medicine ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Univariate analysis ,AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,medicine.disease ,Trimethoprim ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Pneumonia ,Treatment Outcome ,Respiratory failure ,Immunology ,Female ,Legionnaires' Disease ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Chest radiograph ,Viral load ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Study objectives To compare the outcome of Legionnaires disease (LD) in patients with and without HIV infection. Design Retrospective review of clinical charts. Setting Six hundred-bed university hospital. Patients We studied the clinical findings of 64 patients without HIV and 15 patients with HIV. Patients with a serologic diagnosis only were not included. Patients with previous immunosuppressive therapy or transplant recipients were excluded from the former group. In the HIV group, the mean CD4 cell count was 347.5/μL, plasma viral load was undetectable in 50% of the patients, and only one patient (7%) was receiving cotrimoxazole as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii at the time of pneumonia. No differences were observed in the two groups with respect to community or nosocomial acquisition, delay in the initiation of appropriate treatment, the use of macrolides or fluoroquinolones, and Fine score in cases of community-acquired LD. Results Univariate analysis showed that time to apyrexia was longer, and respiratory symptoms, bilateral infiltrates in chest radiograph, hyponatremia, increase in aspartate aminotransferase and creatine phosphokinase (CK), and respiratory failure were more frequent in the HIV group. Mortality was greater in patients with HIV, achieving a statistically significant value of 20%; however, multivariate analysis only confirmed these differences with respect to the increase in CK. Conclusions LD has a more severe clinical presentation and worse evolution in patients with HIV.
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- 2003
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15. Higiene de manos para una atención más segura
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Nieves Sopena Galindo
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Disinfection methods ,Health personnel ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Health knowledge ,General Medicine ,business ,Humanities ,Hand disinfection - Abstract
Las infecciones relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria constituyen uno de los mayores desafios de la medicina moderna. Segun el Estudio de Prevalencia de la Infeccion Nosocomial en Espana (EPINE) del ano 2010, un 6,7% de los pacientes atendidos en los hospitales presentaron una infeccion nosocomial. Por otro lado, el estudio de la seguridad de los pacientes en atencion primaria (APEAS) de 2008 mostro que un 7% presentaro algun evento adverso, siendo un 8,4% de estos infecciones relacionadas con la atencion sanitaria. Las manos de los profesionales sanitarios son la via principal de transmision de los microorganismos causantes de infecciones en el ambito de la salud. En consecuencia, la higiene de manos (HM) es la medida mas sencilla, barata y eficaz para prevenir las infecciones relacionadas con la atencion sanitaria y la diseminacion de patogenos resistentes a los antibioticos. Sin embargo, el grado de adherencia a esta medida es inaceptablemente bajo. Los estudios observacionales realizados en numerosos hospitales muestran que la HM se realiza en menos del 50% de las ocasiones en que esta indicada. Los principales factores limitantes son la carga de trabajo, la poca accesibilidad de los lavamanos, el uso de guantes y la irritacion de las manos. Los estudios realizados en otros ambitos asistenciales tambien muestran tasas de cumplimiento muy bajas: 17,5% en un centro de larga estancia y 8,1% en un area de atencion primaria de Madrid. El conocimiento por parte del personal sanitario del mecanismo de contaminacion de las manos y de la importancia de la HM en la prevencion de las infecciones nosocomiales es fundamental para mejorar la adherencia a esta medida. Los microorganismos potencialmente patogenos se encuentran presentes en la piel del paciente y en las superficies de su entorno. Las manos del personal sanitario se contaminan con dichos microorganismos, la denominada flora transitoria, por contacto directo o indirecto. La HM tiene como objeto eliminar dicha flora transitoria y evitar la transmision cruzada entre pacientes. La tecnica de HM ideal deberia ser rapida, eficaz en reducir la colonizacion bacteriana y bien tolerada por la piel. Existen 2 procedimientos: el lavado de las manos con agua y jabon, y la friccion con una solucion alcoholica. El lavado de las manos actua mediante el arrastre de particulas por la friccion y el efecto
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- 2012
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16. Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina
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Nieves Sopena and Miquel Sabrià
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business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Microbiology - Published
- 2002
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17. Infusion Phlebitis in Patients With Acute Pneumonia
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Soledad Rodriguez, Celestino Rey-Joly, Nieves Sopena, Josep Roca, Carmen Neira, Francisco Quilez, and Manuel Monreal
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Vascular disease ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Thrombosis ,Surgery ,Catheter ,Pneumonia ,Relative risk ,Medicine ,Risk factor ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Complication ,Prospective cohort study - Abstract
Study objectives To prospectively assess the relative risk for phlebitis in a series of consecutive patients with pneumonia and to identify risk factors that predict an increased risk for phlebitis. Setting Internal medicine department of a tertiary teaching hospital. Patients Seven hundred sixty-six consecutive patients with acute pneumonia receiving IV therapy. Interventions Only the first catheter was taken into account. There were 308 short lines (a 51-mm, 18-gauge Teflon catheter); 307 midsized lines (a 28-cm, 16-gauge polyvinyl chloride catheter); and 151 long lines (71-cm, 14-gauge plain polyurethane catheter). Eighteen variables were prospectively evaluated in an open, nonrandomized study for their contribution to the occurrence of phlebitis. Results The overall phlebitis rate was 39%. Phlebitis developed in 53% of patients with short lines, in 41% of patients with midsized lines, and in 10% of patients with long lines, and these catheters remained in place an average (± SD) of 3.0 ± 2.4 days, 4.6 ± 3.4 days, and 7.8 ± 6.6 days, respectively. The variables that influenced the development of phlebitis, as determined by multivariate analysis, were the following: type of catheter; blood hemoglobin levels; and IV therapy with either corticosteroids or erythromycin. Conclusions According to our data, when the use of a catheter is expected to be required for ≤ 36 h, a short line can be used. If a longer duration is expected, a longer line is warranted. Ours is the first study in which the relationship between blood hemoglobin levels and phlebitis has been reported. Because the use of intravascular devices is increasingly common, a more complete knowledge of the factors that influence their acceptance has become essential.
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- 1999
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18. Comparative Study of the Clinical Presentation of Legionella Pneumonia and Other Community-Acquired Pneumonias
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M. L. Pedro-Botet, Josep Domínguez, E. Padilla, Pere Tudela, Miquel Sabria-Leal, Josep Morera, and Nieves Sopena
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Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,Time Factors ,Legionella Pneumonia ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Pneumonia, Bacterial ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Univariate analysis ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Emergency department ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Community-Acquired Infections ,Pneumonia ,Multivariate Analysis ,Immunology ,Etiology ,Female ,Legionnaires' disease ,Macrolides ,Legionnaires' Disease ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical, biological, and radiologic features of presentation in the emergency ward of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) by Legionella pneumophila (LP) and other community-acquired bacterial pneumonias to help in early diagnosis of CAP by LP. Three hundred ninety-two patients with CAP were studied prospectively in the emergency department of a 600-bed university hospital. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to compare epidemiologic and demographic data and clinical, analytical, and radiologic features of presentation in 48 patients with CAP by LP and 125 patients with CAP by other bacterial etiology (68 by Streptococcus pneumoniae, 41 by Chlamydia pneumoniae, 5 by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 4 by Coxiella burnetii, 3 by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2 by Haemophilus influenzae, and 2 by Nocardia species. Univariate analysis showed that CAP by LP was more frequent in middle-aged, male healthy (but alcohol drinking) patients than CAP by other etiology. Moreover, the lack of response to previous beta-lactamic drugs, headache, diarrhea, severe hyponatremia, and elevation in serum creatine kinase (CK) levels on presentation were more frequent in CAP by LP, while cough, expectoration, and thoracic pain were more frequent in CAP by other bacterial etiology. However, multivariate analysis only confirmed these differences with respect to lack of underlying disease, diarrhea, and elevation in the CK level. We conclude that detailed analysis of features of presentation of CAP allows suspicion of Legionnaire's disease in the emergency department. The initiation of antibiotic treatment, including a macrolide, and the performance of rapid diagnostic techniques are mandatory in these cases.
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- 1998
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19. Choque térmico como medida de control de un brote de legionelosis hospitalaria
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Nieves Sopena, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Miquel Sabrià, Marian Garcia-Nuñez, Maria Esteve, Sonia Ragull, and Celestino Rey Joly
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Cross infection ,biology ,Legionella ,business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
Fundamento y objetivo El choque termico es un metodo de desinfeccion frente a Legionella en circuitos de agua sanitaria. En enero de 1996 se produjo un brote de legionelosis nosocomial (LN) en el Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto ambiental y clinico de un choque termico. Material y metodo Recogida diaria de muestras de agua de puntos centrales y de consumo 3 dias antes del choque termico y los 15 dias posteriores. Vigilancia clinica de LN durante 30 dias consecutivos tras el choque termico. Resultados Tras el choque termico, el inoculo de Legionella pneumophila en puntos centrales disminuyo, pero aumento a partir del dia 11 y alcanzo su valor maximo a los 15 dias. No se detecto L. pneumophila en puntos de consumo a los 4 dias. Sin embargo, a partir del dia 7, hubo recolonizacion, que alcanzo el 66% el dia 9. No se detectaron casos clinicos de LN durante el periodo de estudio. Conclusiones El choque termico es un metodo de desinfeccion, eficaz pero transitorio, que permite actuar de forma inmediata ante un brote de LN.
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- 2006
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20. Legionelosis e infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: ¿infección oportunista?
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María Jesús Dominguez, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Miquel Sabrià, Arantxa García Cruz, Celestino Rey Joly, Odile Sarroca, and Nieves Sopena
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine ,General Medicine ,business - Abstract
Fundamento y objetivo: La neumonia por Legionella es poco frecuente en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), en los que, sin embargo, adquiere especial gravedad. Se analizan las caracteristicas clinicas y la situacion inmunitaria de los enfermos infectados por el VIH con legionelosis. Pacientes y metodo: Se revisaron las historias clinicas de los pacientes infectados por el VIH y diagnosticados de legionelosis desde 1983 hasta diciembre de 2003, y se comparo la incidencia de neumonia nosocomial por Legionella en pacientes infectados y no infectados por el VIH entre 1997 y 2000. Resultados: Se incluyo en el estudio a 18 enfermos, de los que el 72,2% fueron diagnosticados mediante deteccion del antigeno de Legionella pneumophila serogrupo 1 en orina. La incidencia de neumonia nosocomial por Legionella en pacientes infectados y no infectados por el VIH fue de 0,3 y 0,25/1.000 ingresos/ano, respectivamente (p = 0,42). El 83,3% de los pacientes recibieron tratamiento antibiotico adecuado a su llegada al servicio de urgencias. La mediana del recuento de linfocitos CD4+ fue de 340,5/µl, el 53,8% tuvo una carga viral indetectable y un 64,7% tomaba farmacos antirretrovirales. Un 72,2% eran fumadores, el 38,8% tenia cancer y el 16,7% recibia quimioterapia. El 93,8% presento tos; el 75%, dificultad respiratoria; el 62,5%, algun sintoma extrarrespiratorio; el 76,5%, incremento de la aspartatoaminotransferasa; el 50%, incremento de la creatincinasa, y el 56,3%, hiponatremia. El 50% presento infiltrados pulmonares bilaterales; el 83,3%, insuficiencia respiratoria, y el 22,2% fallecio. Conclusiones: A pesar de que la legionelosis no es mas frecuente en pacientes infectados por el VIH, la gravedad clinica en este contexto hace pensar que podria tratarse de una infeccion oportunista.
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- 2004
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21. Disminución de la incidencia de la infección hematógena en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tras el inicio del tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad
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Nieves Sopena, Miguel Sabriá Leal, Xavier Vallès, Joan Romeu, Josep Maria Mòdol, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Esteban Reynaga, and Manel Juan
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Antiretroviral therapy - Abstract
Fundamento El uso del tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) (highly active antiretroviral therapy) ha conducido probablemente a la reduccion de las infecciones hematogenas en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Pacientes y metodo Se han estudiado todas las infecciones hematogenas, incluidas micobacteriemias y fungemias, ocurridas en pacientes infectados por el VIH y se han estratificado en dos periodos ( I: 1995-1996, y II: 1997-1998) para evaluar los cambios atribuibles al TARGA. Resultados Se atendieron 226 episodios (incidencia: 38,8 en el periodo I y 15,3 en el periodo II; p Conclusiones La infeccion hematogena en pacientes infectados por el VIH ha disminuido de forma significativa tras el uso generalizado del TARGA.
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- 2001
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22. Predicción clínica de la neumonía nosocomial por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina
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Nieves Sopena
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Cross infection ,Staphylococcus aureus ,business.industry ,medicine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Staphylococcal infections ,medicine.disease ,business ,Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Microbiology - Published
- 2012
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23. Tratamiento antibiótico parenteral domiciliario de la bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus
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Rosa M. A. Benitez, Alfons Cuxart, Sonia Molinos, and Nieves Sopena
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Internal medicine ,Treatment outcome ,MEDLINE ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,Hospital based ,business ,medicine.disease_cause - Published
- 2011
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24. P1150 Community-acquired Legionnaire's disease in the urinary antigen era
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Celestino Rey-Joly, Nieves Sopena, Marian Garcia-Nuñez, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Lourdes Mateu, Miquel Sabrià, and G. Tolchinsky
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Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Antigen ,business.industry ,Urinary system ,Immunology ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,General Medicine ,business ,Legionnaire's disease - Published
- 2007
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25. Absceso esplénico secundario a una infección urinaria por Escherichia coli
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Ignasi Camps, Nieves Sopena, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, and María de Carmen Gayol
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business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Microbiology - Published
- 2006
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26. Metodología diagnóstica y actitud terapéutica en la neumonía nosocomial del paciente no ventilado
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Nieves Sopena
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Microbiology (medical) ,Cross infection ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Case management ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
tualmente sindromico. En consecuencia, la etiologia de la neumonia no se conoce bien fuera de las UCI, y asi, en el estudio de Barreiro et al10 solo se determino en el 21% de los casos. La mayoria de los datos disponibles en la bibliografia proceden de series hospitalarias que incluyen a pacientes criticos, donde tienen un gran protagonismo los bacilos gramnegativos4,5. Sin embargo, es probable que la flora orofaringea normal persista mas en el enfermo no ventilado que en el sometido a ventilacion mecanica, y que el papel de determinados microorganismos como Streptococcus pneumoniae sea mayor12. Por otro lado, es dificil conocer la prevalencia de algunos microorganismos como Legionella, hongos, bacterias anaerobias y virus, debido a que no se investigan de forma rutinaria en muchos centros11,13. En el estudio de Barreiro et al10, las etiologias mas frecuentes fueron S. pneumoniae en la neumonia precoz y enterobacterias y Pseudomonas aeruginosa en la neumonia de inicio tardio. S. pneumoniae siempre deberia tenerse en cuenta en la neumonia nosocomial, incluyendo la de inicio tardio, como senala otro estudio que utilizo la deteccion de antigeno en orina de forma sistematica9. Ademas, la demostracion de una amplia colonizacion de las aguas de la mayoria de los hospitales por Legionella spp. y la disponibilidad de tecnicas mas sensibles hacen pensar que este microorganismo pueda ser una causa endemica y relativamente frecuente de neumonia nosocomial en el enfermo no ventilado9,14. Atendiendo a las peculiaridades de la neumonia nosocomial fuera de la UCI resulta necesario un protocolo diagnostico y terapeutico especifico15. Siempre que sea posible, el diagnostico microbiologico, permitira adecuar el tratamiento antibiotico y mejorar el pronostico de los pacientes, especialmente en aquellos mas graves o inmunodeprimidos. Se realizaran hemocultivos en todos los casos y una toracocentesis cuando exista un derrame pleural importante, a pesar de su baja rentabilidad. El cultivo de esputo o del aspirado traqueal tiene poca sensibilidad y una baja especificidad debido a la contaminacion con la flora orofaringea y a la colonizacion por bacilos gramnegativos de un porcentaje elevado de los pacientes hospitalizados y tratados con antibioticos. La tincion de Gram nos da una idea de la calidad del esputo, de forma que muchos laboratorios solo cultivan las muestras representativas del tracto respiratorio inferior (> 25 leucocitos y < 10 celulas escamosas por campo). Sin embargo, este criterio no deberia aplicarse en los enfermos granulopenicos ni en las infecciones bacterianas o fungicas causadas por patogenos que no forman parte de la flora comensal (Legionella spp. y Aspergillus spp., entre otros). El cultivo de esputo debe ser interpretado con cautela, incluso cuando es de buena calidad, y en presencia de un microorganismo unico o predominante, en especial para La neumonia sigue siendo una de las infecciones nosocomiales mas frecuentes y una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad hospitalaria. En el estudio EPINE1 de 2003 fue la primera causa de infeccion nosocomial, con un 22,3% de los casos. Su incidencia varia entre 5-10 casos/1.000 ingresos segun el tipo de hospital y el servicio estudiados, siendo 6-20 veces superior en los pacientes sometidos a ventilacion mecanica2,3. La mayoria de los estudios se han realizado en las unidades de vigilancia intensiva, por lo que en ocasiones se equiparan los conceptos “neumonia nosocomial” y “neumonia en el ventilado”4,5. Sin embargo, y a pesar de que hasta la mitad de los casos ocurren en las areas de hospitalizacion general medicoquirurgica, existen pocos estudios de la neumonia nosocomial fuera de la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI), posiblemente debido a la dispersion de los casos y a la dificultad diagnostica6-9. Las diferencias epidemiologicas entre los pacientes ingresados en las areas de hospitalizacion general (expuestos a aerosoles ambientales y sin la agresion orofaringea asociada a la intubacion) y los enfermos de las unidades de criticos sugieren que la etiologia de la neumonia nosocomial no es totalmente equiparable en ambos grupos. En consecuencia, es necesario un mayor conocimiento de los factores de riesgo y de la etiologia de esta entidad fuera de la UCI para realizar protocolos preventivos, diagnosticos y terapeuticos especificos. El estudio realizado por Barreiro et al10 y publicado en este numero de ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA analiza la incidencia y los factores de riesgo y pronosticos de la neumonia nosocomial en el enfermo ingresado fuera de las UCI. Del mismo se deduce que la neumonia nosocomial es relativamente frecuente en este ambito y tiene una mortalidad elevada (27%). La incidencia observada (3,35 casos/1.000 ingresos) es similar a la del estudio reciente realizado en 12 hospitales espanoles9. El diagnostico de la neumonia intrahospitalaria requiere un sistema de vigilancia adecuado y una valoracion exhaustiva de los posibles casos, ya que puede pasar desapercibida a falta de datos clinicos especificos o ser diagnosticada de forma erronea en presencia de infiltrados pulmonares debidos a otras causas o de fiebre de origen extrarrespiratorio11. La dificultad para realizar pruebas invasivas y la escasa sensibilidad de las tecnicas microbiologicas convencionales hace que el diagnostico sea habi
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- 2005
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27. Meningitis posquirúrgica por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina
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Nieves Sopena
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business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Microbiology - Published
- 2005
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28. Cavitating lung lesion and hemoptysis in a young woman
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M. L. Pedro-Botet, J. Astudillo, Josep Maria Mòdol, Miquel Sabrià, A. Olazabal, and Nieves Sopena
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Microbiology (medical) ,Hemoptysis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Radiography ,Lung abscess ,Asymptomatic ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Lesion ,Recurrence ,Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital ,medicine ,Aspergillosis ,Humans ,Periodontitis ,Lung Diseases, Fungal ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,respiratory tract diseases ,Bronchoalveolar lavage ,Infectious Diseases ,Sputum ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Aspergilloma - Abstract
In February 1996, an 18-year-old girl was admitted to hospital with hemoptysis and a local lesion in the right lower lobe. She was asymptomatic until December 1995, when she developed an unproductive cough. She had dental caries, and 1 month later presented periodontitis and was treated with antibiotics. On admission, she was apyrexial, and chest radiography showed cavitationwithin the right lower lobe. Zhiel^Neelsen staining was negative in several sputum smears, and oropharyngeal contamination was observed on sputum Gram stain. Tuberculin test was negative. A diagnosis of lung abscess was made, and she initially received amoxycillin^clavulanate. Hemoptysis disappeared, lung cavitation reduced and she was discharged. Three months later the pulmonary lesion remained, although the patient was asymptomatic. In June 1996, hemoptysis reappeared and the chest radiography worsened. Bronchoscopic examination showed no endobronchial lesions, and the Zhiel^Neelsen staining and the Lo« wenstein culture of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were negative. Furthermore, BAL contained no malignant cells. Computed tomographywas performed and is shown above.
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- 2000
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29. P1871 Fluctuation in Legionella pneumophila counts and persistence of DNA subtypes in 15 cooling towers over a one-year period
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Marian Garcia-Nuñez, Miquel Sabrià, Nieves Sopena, Maria Esteve, Sonia Ragull, R. Montenegro, and Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet
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Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,biology ,Period (gene) ,Pharmacology (medical) ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Legionella pneumophila ,Virology ,Microbiology ,Persistence (computer science) - Published
- 2007
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30. Afección del sistema nervioso central por tuberculosis
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Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Esteban Reynaga, Miquel Sabrià, and Nieves Sopena
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine ,General Medicine ,business - Published
- 2000
- Full Text
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