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Gap graded concrete, also known as pervious concrete, or enhanced concrete, is a storm water drainage replacement. Pervious or porous concrete is a homogeneous mixture of cement, fine aggregates to some percent, coarse aggregate and admixtures with partial substitutes of fine aggregate. The particle sizes and proportions of the materials used indicate the value and permeability of this form of concrete. We addressed the strength parameters and permeability of this concrete with various aggregate sizes in this paper. The 70:30 coarse aggregate mix ratio is used. Two coarse aggregate mixes of 20–10 mm and 10–6 mm were used in this study for the different aggregate ratios. The larger the aggregate, the better the porosity for rainwater runoff and storage. To achieve better performance, 15% fly ash is used as a substitute for cement in the mix design in the experiments. The water binder ratio is kept constant at 0.38, while the cement to aggregate ratio is set at 1:5. The porous concrete moulds are cast and tested for mechanical and toughness properties. For the above-mentioned tests, cubes, tubes, and beams are casted.

Pervious concrete is produced by adding less than enough paste to fill the voids in the aggregate to form drainage channels inside the concrete. However, the volume of voids in the aggregate increases after the addition of paste due to aggregate bulking, which has been ignored in previous studies. Moreover, it is still not precisely known how the unfilled voids influence the performance of pervious concrete. In this research, the flowability and adhesion of paste and the bulking of aggregate were investigated and the effects of paste properties, aggregate bulking, water film thickness (WFT) and paste film thickness (PFT) on the permeability and strength of pervious concrete were evaluated. The results revealed that the paste properties, aggregate bulking, WFT and PFT play major roles and thus are the key factors to be considered in the design of pervious concrete. Lastly, a 3-step mix design method for pervious concrete is proposed.

For the development of construction technology, pervious concrete is vastly using in road infrastructure. Pervious concrete has a strong drainage ability that can recharge groundwater, made by the coarse aggregate, water, and cement with little fine aggregate or without fine aggregate. The compressive and flexural strengths of pervious concrete are vital parameters to identify the concrete quality and also necessary in the process of analysis and design of a concrete infrastructure. This research represents a system for forecasting the flexural strength obtained from the compressive strength (0 up to 30 MPa) of concrete cube and cylinder types specimens by support vector regression (SVR) for both 7 and 28 days. Experimental data from various literature have been collected to formulate the model. It appears that the relationship between the compressive strength and flexural strength of pervious concrete is non-linear. The linear models developed with limited lab test found ineffective when they are subjected to wide range of data set for flexural strength prediction. In this study, all compared models and developing model’s effectiveness are examined based on R2, RMSE, MAPE, MSE, and IAE parameters for both 7- and 28-days specimens.

The synthesis of cement concrete involves degradation to environment through land and air pollution through the liberation of harmful greenhouse gasses. This laid the evolution and development of geopolymer concrete. On the other hand there are problems caused due to the impervious concrete surfaces that restrict the passage of water to the ground. In this research, works have been focused to develop pervious geopolymer concrete using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as the source material. Combination of NaOH and Na2SiO3 solution was used as the alkaline solution. Usage of fine aggregate was eliminated and different proportions of GGBFS were tried to synthesis pervious geopolymer concrete of M 30 grade. Properties such as workability, compressive, permeability, tensile and flexural strength were determined. This research reveals the scope for the development of sustainable pervious concrete material.

Pervious concrete has newly undertaken to escalate for its demand. As urban areas develop, the difficulties related to runoff management have become more herculean and pervious concrete can provide a sustainable solution. Sustainable development in the field of concrete structures can be achieved by minimizing the usage of cement in concrete as it releases a large amount of CO2 leading to various hazards. The reduction of Portland cement is attained by replacing by-product from various industries. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is obtained by burning sugarcane after the extraction of all efficient sugar from it. Disposal of the ash material causes various environmental hazards. Strength is improved by using SCBA as a supplementary material and thus makes the resultant concrete eco-friendlier and economical. The bagasse ash which passes 150 μm and retained on 90 μm similar to that of OPC is used in this study. The samples are prepared by replacement of bagasse ash with cement in different percentages and the strength parameters and permeability of concrete is tested. Six different concrete mixes with the bagasse ash replacing 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% of the OPC were prepared with water to cement ratio of 0.34 and 202.83 kg/m3 cement content. It is found that at 15% replacement, the optimum strength is obtained. Since the aggregate sizes used for all the percentage replacements remains same, the permeability ranges from 0.2 cm/s to 0.4 cm/s.

The growth of construction industry in India is increasing enormously over the last few years. This demands a huge quantity of construction materials across the globe which indirectly has a serious impact on the environment that includes aggregate scarcity, inadequate ground water recharge due to impermeable paved surfaces, dust and noise pollution. The use of recycled concrete aggregate in construction industry will mitigate the impact to some extent and also the construction of permeable surface helps in ground water recharge. In this study, the effect of recycled concrete aggregate on mechanical properties of pervious concrete is studied. In addition, the strength of pervious concrete composed of recycled concrete aggregate is enhanced by the addition of silicafumes from 8% to 16% in increments of 2%. The effect of silica fume on permeability and flexural strength is also studied.

In recent scenario, ground water retention plays major key role in gaining environmental sustainability. This can be achieved by using pervious concrete as a pavement material in pathways, parking lots, garden areas and low traffic road applications. Many researches have been carried out by using alternate materials as a partial replacement for cement and aggregates. This paper reviews the developments in the field of pervious concrete using alternate construction materials. The research findings on mechanical, physical and durability studies have been reviewed. Clogging effects on pervious concrete also has been reviewed. This review paper mainly focussed on the various properties of pervious concrete based on the types of binders, admixtures and size of coarse aggregates. The laboratory investigations made on pervious concrete in terms of strength, permeability, porosity, density and durability were reviewed and briefly discussed. Due to expanding applications in pervious concrete because of its environmental benefits, this review paper helps the researchers to undergo future research and to understand the behaviour of pervious concrete using different types of binder and different sizes of coarse aggregates.

In the heavy Rainfall areas water – logging on roads is the main cause for the early damage of roads, which requires frequent maintenance. In the permeable concrete block pavement (PCBP), through joints water is percolated with that reducing storm water runoff, urban heat island effects, and increasing groundwater recharge. To increase the rate of infiltration in PCBPs, concrete paver block (CPB) with an aperture was developed. To study the effect of aperture, an experimental program was conducted on CPBs with different combinations of aperture diameter and pattern, by keeping aperture area as constant. These blocks were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength and water absorption. In CPBs, for different combinations of aperture diameter and pattern, there was no significant change in compressive strength and water absorption values. Split tensile strength of CPBs was impacted adversely with increase in the number of apertures, to improve this property appropriate aperture pattern should be adopted.

Concrete is a versatile and composite material composed of cement, sand, aggregates and water. As per recent statistics, it is the most widely consumed material around the world next to water. Due to infrastructure development of grown and growing countries, consumption of portland cement has been increasing. Hence, to overcome the critical demand and issues with portland cement, quite a lot of contemporary initiative works are being undertaken by various researchers across the world to find a suitable alternative material instead of cement binder. So, several alternative materials such as mineral admixtures, artificial aggregates and eco friendly binders are being used to develop the applications of concrete with satisfied quality and needs. This paper presents the feasibility of using palm jaggery as an admixture in pervious concrete using Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) as binder. Mechanical properties and physical properties were determined and the results are discussed elaborately. The results revealed that of 0.05% and 0.1% addition of palm jaggery increases the mechanical strength properties of pervious concrete.

This investigation deals with the influence of FINE FLY ASH in High performance Concrete (HPC). In this studies Shrinkage and Water-Permeability of Fine Fly-ash modified concrete. In the Durability of consideration, the Water permeability important parameter which should be less. If more permeable concrete leads to detoriation of structure finally reduces the age of structure. This work analyses the combinations of concrete in which cement is 0 to 50% replaced with fine fly ash of different proportions. Specimens were cast for M 30 as per Indian Standard mix design using Ennore sand. The ages of concrete for Shrinkage are 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 90, 100, 110, 120 and 130 Days and water permeability tests were conducted 3, 7 14, 28, 56,90, 180,360 days for durability aspect of the Fine fly ash High Performance concrete.

A novel design of a drainage coverslab in pedestrian walking areas has been developed as a composite section of reinforced concrete and a porous concrete layer. Porous concrete exhibits a reduction in permeability due to clogging by particulates, which severely limits the functional level of the coverslab. Slabs were tested for sever clogging mechanism in the laboratory. Samples of new coverslabs with various sizes of aggregates were cast using various compaction methods. Strength was tested using 3 point load test and clogging potential of cover slab was determined by infiltration test (ASTM C1701). Infiltration was tested on a series of coverslab samples which were clogged with top soil mixture collected from the field, landscape fine compost and silt clay slurry to simulate worse case clogging in the field. Comparison of surface textures of the porous surface was made based on sand patch test and proposed clay patch test. This paper focuses on discussing the design of porous concrete layer of coverslab, construction methods and practical issues related to application and mitigation techniques.

In the future, permeable pavements including the full depth permeable pavement (FDPP) will be part of an integrated sustainable transportation program. When designed properly, FDPP can be used as an alternative best management practice (BMP) for stormwater runoff management. From a practical point of view, FDPP must maintain specific characteristics throughout the life of the pavements: (1) have adequate subgrade reservoir capacity to capture runoff volume, (2) surface pavement remain highly permeable and unclogged, (3) allowing minimum permeability of subgrade soil to infiltrate the captured runoff, and (4) assuring no adverse impact on underground water. During the past ten years the University of California Pavement Research Center (UCPRC) conducted numerous research studies to address some of the above critical questions related to the application of permeable pavement with respect to the highway stormwater runoff management. The focus of this paper is to discuss and summarize the major findings of these collective studies related to: (1) hydraulic performance evaluation of permeable pavement, (2) permeability measurement of porous asphalt and pervious concrete paved surfaces, (3) clogging evaluation of permeable pavement surfaces, and (4) water quality and pollution control issues. Keywords: Stormwater runoff management, Permeable pavement, Hydraulic performance, Water quality, Clogging

This study designed an eco-friendly pervious concrete (PC) product using waste glass cullet (WGC) and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) by dry-mixed compaction technique. The mechanical properties, water permeability behavior and related pore structure characteristics, thermal conductivity of the PCs were determined. The experimental results showed that the use of silica fume in the cement paste was effective to compensate for the low compressive strength of the PCs due to the use of narrowed graded aggregates without the incorporation of fine particles (less than 2.36 mm). Although the incorporation of recycled aggregates (i.e. WGC and RCA) into the PCs led to reductions in compressive strength, the water permeability of the PCs was improved, especially for the PCs prepared with WGC, as the use of WGC was conducive to improving the water permeability due to the negligible water absorption nature and smooth surface of glass cullet. Another encouraging result indicated that the PCs comprising 50% WGC as the fine aggregate and 50% RCA as the coarse aggregates could achieve satisfactory strength and permeability, which could largely meet the requirement of the standard (JIS A 5371) for permeable pedestrian pavers. The appropriate blending of the selected size of WGC (2.36–5 mm) and RCA (5–10 mm) to produce a desirable pore structure in the PCs were responsible for the good performance. In addition, the low thermal conductivity of the produced PCs provided an opportunity to use the PC as partition block materials for saving energy consumption of buildings.

Pervious concrete has been studied widely considering its environmental benefits. Owing to its porous nature, it reduces the runoff quantity recharging the groundwater and as well reduces the effect of urban heat island. Previous studies have been focused on characterizing and understanding structural and functional properties of pervious concrete. However, very few studies have been made on incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in pervious concrete. SCMs, which are by-product of production processes from industries, pose several environmental concerns and hence it becomes imperative to utilize them as partial replacement for OPC considering their pozzolanic action, which is beneficial in improving strength and durability properties. In this study, fly ash and metakaolin were used as partial replacement for OPC with curing condition as another variable. Basic tests such as porosity, density, compressive strength, and permeability were conducted to determine the effect of test variables. The curing conditions were found to be insignificant in affecting the properties of pervious concrete unlike fly ash and metakaolin. A 2% addition of metakaolin decreased porosity by 10%, while the optimum range of fly ash replacement in pervious concrete was found to be between 5 and 15%. Statistical tests indicated that fly ash content dominated the effect on influencing permeability and compressive strength.

This paper presents the condition assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) walls of induced draft cooling tower (IDCT) structure. The main focus is on the assessment of quality, integrity and long term durability of RC walls, with reference to rebar corrosion. Details of non-destructive testing (NDT) carried out to evaluate the prevailing condition of the IDCT structure are presented. Test results revealed that the RC wall, which is intended to be an enclosure/curtain wall to arrest the splashing of sea water fed to the IDCT, is found to be of poor quality and could not arrest the seepage/dampness from inner face to outer face of the wall. To arrive at an effective repair measure to arrest the seepage/dampness in RC walls, porous concrete panels are cast to simulate the poor quality of in-situ concrete of IDCT walls and also to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of different repair schemes. The best repair scheme for improving water tightness is established by conducting selected durability tests on the cores extracted from the repaired porous slab panels. As a pilot study, the identified repair methodology is implemented on the selected wall panels of IDCT structure and its efficacy for water tightness/impermeability is confirmed through visual observation and IRT image scanning.

Porous concrete pavement has been used to alleviate urban heat island (UHI) effect in the near-surface temperature field. Due to high porosity and heterogeneity, thermal properties of porous concrete may vary depending on the microstructure of aggregates and air voids. This paper developed an innovative method to calculate the effective thermal conductivity of porous concrete considering two-dimensional (2-D) heterogeneous microstructure. An image-aided approach was used to randomly generate the three-phase (aggregates, cement paste, and air) microstructure model of porous concrete. Finite-element (FE) models were developed to calculate thermal conductivity of porous concrete by simulating the steady heat transfer process. Laboratory experiments were conducted to measure thermal conductivity of porous concrete and its components. The prediction results were compared to experimental measurements and close agreements without statistical differences were observed. The effects of microstructure feature on thermal conductivity of porous concrete were studied. Although the thermal conductivity of porous concrete decreases as the porosity increases in general, the variation of thermal conductivity is affected by the tortuosity and orientation of air void and aggregate contacts. The study findings clearly indicate that the heterogeneous microstructure of porous concrete need be considered for accurate prediction of thermal transport behavior.

The applications of pervious concrete made with recycled aggregate (RA) have been hindered by its significantly reduced strength. In this study, a silane polymer emulsion treatment method was used to promote the strength of pervious concrete while maintaining its permeability. The mechanical and physical properties of RA pervious concrete were experimentally investigated. Membrane-forming ability tests and X-ray micro-tomography were conducted to determine the influence of the silane polymer emulsion on the membrane-forming behaviour and thickness distribution of cement paste. The results revealed that silane treatment significantly improved the strength of RA pervious concrete while maintaining acceptable permeability due to the redistribution of the cement paste. Meso-structure analyses confirmed that more cement pastes gathered around the bonding regions between adjacent RA particles. The findings suggest that this method can be used to enhance the strength of RA pervious concrete through effective utilisation of cement paste.

Development of the cities is facing many problems; one of them is runoff water pollution. On the other hand, some technologies have been applied to remove water pollution such as the photocatalytic effect method using nano-titanium dioxide (nTiO2). That technology exhibited a significant effect to remove various pollutants from runoff water. The use of nTiO2 on porous concrete (TPC) considers a new technology, which is effective and clean technology to deal with the non-point source pollution. In this paper, the permeability, mechanical properties and water purification capacity of using that technology have been investigated to analyze the environmental effect of TPC. In addition, this study tested the environmental impact using zebrafish aquatic toxicity and alkali dissolution experimentally. Moreover, the photocatalytic oxidation reaction of TPC is exploited to detect the purification effects of three typical pollutants, i.e., methylene blue, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen. At the same time, three different application methods with three different concentrations of nTiO2 have been utilized in the porous concrete to obtain the optimum value. The removal effectiveness in pollutants is also measured, moreover the purification durability effectiveness is tested. After culturing the zebrafish embryos in the leachate of porous concrete with nTiO2, the hatching rate was 91.7%, which proved that this technology has little aquatic toxicity to organism and environment. The capacity of pollutants removing was effective and reached up to 60%-90%. Besides, porous concrete treated by nTiO2 that was placed in actual weather for a month showed a half reduction in water purification effect.

Pervious concrete has been widely used due to the environmental and stormwater management benefits. However, its susceptibility to cracking and low flexural strength limited the widespread use for vehicular traffic pavement. This paper focuses on the flexural behavior of pervious concrete beams reinforced by geogrids with different layer number at various positions. The influences of the embedded geogrids on effective porosity, strength and cracking behaviors are studied. The load-vertical displacement curves are obtained by four-point bending tests to describe the toughness and post-cracking performance of pervious concrete beams. Meanwhile, the acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques are used to monitor the internal fracture characteristics, strain fields and crack propagation. The experimental results indicate that the compressive strength and flexural strength of pervious concrete can be improved owing to the embedded geogrids. Notwithstanding an increased porosity is induced, the reinforced beams demonstrate significantly superior post-crack performance. Furthermore, the embedded geogrids in pervious concrete restrain the generation and propagation of the crack, resulting in a low strain field level as well as showing a short crack length and a small crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD). Embedding the geogrids at both one-third depth and two-thirds depth of the thickness provides the optimal performance.

The scarcity of regular construction material has always been a challenging concern in some of the North-Eastern states of India like Tripura. To meet this inordinate shortage, brick aggregate has earned an immense attention due to its availability and low cost. The main purpose of this paper is to correlate the pore structure and hydraulic conductivity of the porous concrete matrix using brick aggregate to meet the insufficiency of conventional aggregates. Pervious concrete pavement, due to its eminence as an eco-friendly pavement system, has become an emerging technology in the developed and developing countries. In this paper, a series of pervious concrete mixes are made with over burnt brick aggregate and the porosity and permeability are evaluated. Water-cement ratio, aggregate size and the presence of fine aggregate in the porous mix are chosen as the mix variables and their contributions in controlling the permeability is quantified. A relationship is then drawn between permeability and the pore features considering the relative mean pore size and pore tortuosity. A modified Kozney-Carman model for pervious concrete is also developed using the investigational test results and the predicted equations. The predicted values and the developed relationships provide a very good agreement with experimental test results.

The properties of pervious concrete made with recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) were investigated. Natural aggregates were replaced by RCA at levels of 0, 10, 20, 40, 70, and 100%. Slag was also incorporated to enhance the performance and sustainability of the concrete mixtures. Slump, hardened density, total void content, porosity, permeability, compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, flexural strength, and abrasion resistance were determined. Results showed that the RCA replacement led to an increase in total void content, porosity, and permeability, while a decrease in slump and hardened density was noted. The mechanical properties and abrasion resistance were adversely affected due to the weak RCA and aggregate-mortar interface. The clogging potential of pervious RCA concrete was also assessed over a simulated 20-year lifespan. Permeability could be restored to acceptable, but lower, levels through pressurized water washing. RCA limited the restoration of permeability of pervious concrete, while slag facilitated it. Analytical models were developed to correlate physical, transport, mechanical, and durability properties. Codified equations were assessed for their applicability. Experimental findings highlight the ability to use pervious RCA concrete in pavement applications.

Pervious concrete is one of the permeable pavement materials, which can improve the traffic safety and road environment. However, the clogging problem of pervious concrete is considered as a potential common deficient of the permeable pavement that causes severe loss of the ecological function. Generally, the main cause of clogging is the interlocking of the pores with clogging particles. Therefore, addressing the problem of clogging needs to explore the influence of pore characteristics and clogging particles on the pervious concrete. This study determined the equivalent diameter of pores through CT scanning and image processing using an algorithm code to calculate the geometry properties of the open and closed pores. Moreover, the variation of permeability after clogging has been analyzed. The experimental results showed that the pore size could determine whether clogging particles can block or pass through the pores or not, which is closely related to the clogging degree. Finally, the new findings can help engineers and designers to optimize the design of pervious concrete to forwardly avoid or mitigate the clogging problem, which has a promising realistic signification for permeable pavement design and maintenance.

Metal tailings porous concrete (MTPC) is a newly-developed green building material that using the iron ore tailings powder to replace the fine sands or partial cement in the conventional foamed concrete. MTPC not only holds good mechanical and physical properties, but also reduces the environmental pollution caused by the disposal of waste metal tailings. This paper systematically investigates the strain rate effect on the dynamic mechanical properties of MTPC. A series of uniaxial compression and direct tension experiments are conducted on the manufactured prismatic MTPC specimens with various strain rates ranging from 10−5/s to 10−2/s. Based on the experimental observations and measured data, the failure modes, stress-strain curves, material strengths, critical strains and modulus of elasticity of MTPC are comprehensively analyzed. Both compression and tension tests show that the strengths and critical strains of MTPC basically increase linearly with strain rate. The compressive and tensile initial tangent modulus of MTPC both remain unchanged at different loading rates, while the compressive secant modulus increases as the strain rate increases. In addition, the analytical dynamic models for MTPC under compression and tension are also presented based on the test data.

Permeable pavements are an efficient urban runoff (UR) management solution that also improve water quality. In this work, a photocatalytic layer of Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NP) was incorporated into permeable concrete to evaluate its impact on the removal of several microbiological (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Enterococcus faecalis) and physicochemical (N-NH4+, N-NO3-, phenol, PO43−, Fe, Mn, and Pb) pollutants. First, permeable concrete samples were created with sufficient compressive strength and hydraulic conductivity for light traffic. The test samples were then coated with a mixture containing either 3% or 5% Fe2O3 NP by cement weight. Control samples were prepared without NP. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the nanoparticles remained unaltered on the concrete's surface. Synthetic URs simulating the microbiological or physicochemical composition of real UR were applied to the samples to evaluate their pollutant removal efficiencies. The depollution performances of the test (with 3% and 5% Fe2O3 NP) and control samples were statistically compared. The test samples (3% NP, 5% NP, and the controls) significantly modified (p 0.05) some pollutants prone to oxidation, such as phenol or ammonium. However, the 5% NP sample significantly enhanced Mn removal. In general, the decontamination performances of the concrete samples with Fe2O3 NP were not influenced by the nanoparticles; thus, they did not appear to add value to the generated permeable concrete. Nevertheless, our results indicate the considerable benefits of implementing permeable concrete to improve the quality of UR.

There is limited information about long-term effects of permeable pavement parking lots on concentrations of nutrients in infiltrates. A 0.40-ha parking lot that contained three types of permeable pavement including permeable interlocking concrete pavement (PICP), porous asphalt (PA) and pervious concrete (PC) was constructed in 2010 at a U.S. EPA facility in Edison, New Jersey. This study was conducted from October 2010 to August 2017. Water quality samples were collected from the rainfall, parking lot runoff, and infiltrate from these three pavement types. Samples were analyzed for parameters including NH(3)-N, NO(2)-N, NO(3)-N, TN, PO(4)-PO(4), TOC, ORP and pH. Statistical methods were used to study infiltrate concentration changes with time. Results showed, for all analytes, there were no differences between permeable interlocking concrete pavement and pervious concrete median concentrations. Data showed distribution of species changed and supported nitrification processes. The trend varied with source. Nitrogen species showed slowly increasing trends in rainwater, PC and PICP infiltrate concentrations while phosphate concentration showed a slightly increasing trend in rainwater and porous asphalt infiltrate. It is recommended that communities select PC and PICP when nitrogen species are the pollutants of concern and PA is more suitable for orthophosphate removal.

The aggregate size is an important factor influencing the compressive strength of pervious concrete. This work is focused on the study of the relationship among aggregate size, compressive strength, pore structure, cementitious paste thickness, and then understanding the influence of aggregate size on the compressive strength of pervious concrete. Eight groups of pervious concrete samples with almost the same porosity but different aggregate size were prepared. The 2D/3D pore characteristics and fractal dimension were extracted and analyzed based on CT images. The cementitious paste thickness was determined by a modified semi-manual hand measurement method. Test results show that the compressive strength increases rapidly with the increase of aggregate size at first, while the aggregate size is beyond 7 mm the effect of aggregate size on compressive strength is not so obvious. The compressive strength changes with aggregate size can be mainly attributed to the effect of aggregate size on pores characteristics and cementitious paste thickness. It is found that the compressive strength is most sensitive to the content of the small pores (0–1.5 mm2). The increase of the small pores content will decrease the compressive strength. With the increase of fractal dimension of the pores, the compressive strength first increases and then decreases. While the cementitious paste thickness is less than 1.15 mm, the compressive strength increases slowly with the cementitious paste thickness increases. Once the cementitious paste thickness exceeds 1.15 mm, the compressive strength remains relatively stable.

The new pervious concrete (PC) were prepared using magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) as binding and waste steel slag as coarse aggregate. A series of laboratory experiments were carried out to study the influence of aggregate size and molding method on the compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity and water permeability coefficient of magnesium phosphate cement steel slag pervious concrete (MSPC). Experimental results showed that the influence of aggregate size on compressive strength is different when different molding methods were adopted. Through comparative analysis, the MSPC with medium particle size formed by vibration molding had the highest compressive strength, and the maximum can reach 41.5 MPa. Based on the excellent bonding strength of MPC, the MSPC has better flexural strength than traditional PC, and the maximum 28-day flexural strength can reach 8.0 MPa. The porosity increases with the increase of aggregate size, and which is in the range of 23.8–26.5% for all the MSPC mixtures. Similarly, the water permeability coefficient of MSPC increases as the increase of aggregate size, and with the range from 5.85 to 7.10 mm/s. The 28-day bend-press ratio of MSPC is close to 1/5. Unlike the traditional PC, the mechanical strength of MSPC increased first and then decreased with the porosity, while regardless of aggregate size and molding method, the water permeability coefficient increased linearly with the porosity. The test results indicate that the MSPC made of steel slag aggregates and MPC is a very promising eco-friendly PC.

Pervious concrete for deep trench drains, used to stabilise slopes, must meet many requirements, namely, adequate hydraulic conductivity, adequate shear strength a few days after pouring, capacity to act as a protective filter for soils in which the drain is installed, good resistance to clogging and adequate residual hydraulic conductivity. In current engineering practice, the composition of pervious concrete for drains is improperly selected according to criteria used for no-fines concrete for road pavements. To detect more suitable and specific criteria, a laboratory investigation has been conducted aimed at identifying the composition and the properties of pervious concrete satisfying the above requirements. The results of these tests are reported in the paper. They show that it is possible to devise mix-designs of pervious concrete that satisfy all the abovementioned requirements. Special attention has been paid to the hydraulic conductivity and the strength and to their relationship to the water/cement and the aggregate/cement ratios and to the granulometric composition of the aggregates.

Porous concrete has been proven as a promising template to prepare porous carbon monoliths because it can easily be formed to any geometric shape. To optimize the pore size distribution the template-assisted route can be combined with steps of the classical carbon activation such as the carbonization in the presence of zinc chloride. For the rational designing of such routes, profound knowledge of the pore-formation process is necessary. This is however complicated because the pore formation is the result of a complex interplay of different sub-processes. Here, we present approaches to estimate the contributions of these sub-processes to the overall porosity in a quantitative way. For that, the role of the template, the gasification reactions as well as the activating agent has been elucidated by elaborate analysis of nitrogen adsorption data.

Pervious concrete (PC) is used for parking lots and streets that are subjected to repeated wheel loading, therefore it is necessary to characterize the fatigue life (N) of PC for pavement design. This research investigates the behavior of PC beams made with two aggregates (angular and round) and three porosity levels (20%, 25% and 30%) under flexural fatigue loading in three stress ratios (SR:) 0.75, 0.8, and 0.85. The results showed that N is controlled by SR, while porosity showed no statistically significant effect on flexural fatigue. Two-parameter Weibull distribution was fitted to the test data to generate fatigue models at different reliability levels. Using the existing model for portland cement concrete (PCC) for PC results in an overestimation of N for SR > 0.75 due to the highly porous and brittle macrostructure of PC. Existing PCC model agrees with the proposed PC model in predicting N at 0.5

Pervious concrete is a widely used construction material thanks to its good drainage characteristics. Before application, its most important properties, i.e. the permeability coefficient (PC) and 28-day unconfined compressive strength (UCS) are required to be tested. However, conducting PC and UCS tests with multiple influencing variables is time-consuming and costly. To address this issue, this paper proposed, for the first time, an evolved support vector regression (ESVR) tuned by beetle antennae search (BAS) to accurately and effectively predict the PC and UCS of pervious concrete. To prepare the dataset of the ESVR model, 270 specimens in total were prepared and casted in a controlled environment in the laboratory. The water-to-cement (w/c) ratio, aggregate-to-cement (a/c) ratio, and aggregate size were selected as the crucial influencing variables for the inputs, while PC and UCS were the outputs of this model. The results indicate that both the PC and UCS firstly increased and then decreased with increasing w/c ratio. As the a/c ratio increased, PC increased, while UCS decreased. Moreover, BAS is more reliable and efficient than random hyper-parameter selection for hyper-parameter tuning. A low root-mean-square error (RMSE) and high correlation coefficient (R) indicate a relatively high predictive capability of the proposed ESVR model. The sensitivity analysis (SA) suggests the a/c ratio and aggregate size were the most sensitive variables for UCS and PC, respectively. This pioneering work provides a simple and convenient method for evaluating PC and UCS of pervious concrete.

Heavy metal contamination is an important environmental issue. Heavy metal removal by cementitious materials would be an efficient method because of their large-scale exposure to rainwater and groundwater. In this study, 3-thiocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (TCPS)-modified Fly ash (T-FA) beads were prepared and incorporated into pervious concrete. The functionalized pervious concrete was used to sequester Cd (II) from solution, utilizing the chelating property of the thiocyanate on TCPS. TCPS molecules were chemically bonded onto FA beads after alkali activation, which was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. IR shows the vibration of Si OH and the asymmetric vibrations of CH2 and CN on TCPS. In addition, 29Si NMR spectroscopy identifies a new peak at −47.22 ppm assigned to T2[RSi(OSi)2OH]. T-FA beads can efficiently remove Cd (II) when immersed and stirred in a CdCl2 solution. An equally significant sequestration capacity was demonstrated when T-FA beads were incorporated in pervious concrete. Cd (II) concentrations were reduced from 300 to 15.86 ppm when a 100 × 100 × 100 mm3 T-FA-loaded concrete specimen was exposed to a 5 L CdCl2 solution.

Stormwater runoff increasingly induces contaminants to the groundwater to imperil the sustainable development of human society. Pavement can be considered as the first line of defense for contaminant removal of the stormwater runoff. The organic contaminant delivered by the stormwater runoff from the impervious pavement surface, especially the cancerogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), would inevitably pollute the groundwater system by cumulative effect. To assist PAHs removal, a multi-functional green pervious concrete (MGPC) was proposed in this study. The PAHs remediation function can be realized by introducing organoclay to the conventional pervious concrete. The isothermal batch sorption test was conducted to quantify the sorption capacity of the organoclay modified cement paste, and the breakthrough column test was performed to investigate the transport mechanism and retardation behavior of naphthalene, a typical 2-ring PAH in MGPC. The compressive strength test and the hydraulic conductivity test have also been used to evaluate the effect of using organoclay on the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the MGPC. The results indicated that compared to conventional pervious concrete, the developed MGPC with a small addition of organoclay could substantially remove PAHs contaminants and it also has much stronger adsorption and retardation capacity than the conventional pervious concrete. The research also found that using small amount of organoclay would not adversely affect the compressive strength and hydraulic conductivity of the concrete. Therefore, the developed MGPC has a great potential to be used as a pavement material with the stormwater purification function.

Pervious pavements are efficient in the mitigation of urban heat island effects. Many studies have revealed the water availability of pervious paving materials dominates the evaporative cooling effect. However, the water retention capacity of these materials is affected by the water absorption capability, which has scarcely been investigated in relation to evaporation. Therefore, this study investigates the water absorption capability of pervious paving materials and its influence on evaporative cooling performance. We examine the water absorption capability of three similar-coloured materials, including sintered ceramic pervious brick (CB), pervious concrete brick (PB), and open-graded pervious concrete (PC), as well as their evaporative cooling performance under a steady-state hot-humid environment in a climatic wind tunnel. The results indicate that: (1) CB had the highest water absorption coefficient of 2.04 kg/m2·s0.5, which is approximately about 30 and 200 times higher than that of PB and PC, respectively; however, these materials had similar water retention capabilities, with a capillary moisture content of 110 ± 10 kg/m3, revealing that CB could hold more water in a very short time; and (2) CB and PB could effectively reduce the surface temperature by up to 20 °C and 12 °C with a cooling period of 16 h and 12 h, respectively. In comparison, PC demonstrated a weak cooling effect of 2 °C, which only lasted for 4 h. Overall, materials with a high water absorption capability can maintain hydraulic continuity balance for a long time, which is beneficial to enhancing evaporation and further lowering the surface temperature.

Pervious concrete is one kind of concrete with a larger porosity than dense concrete, usually in the range of 15–25%. It helps mitigate stormwater runoff, purify water and reduce the influence of splash on drivers through its porous structure. Nevertheless, the high porosity also has led to structural and environmental defects, especially low strength and the applicability of pervious concrete containing waste for rainwater recycling. This study firstly presented an adequate experimental investigation on the influences of the cement-aggregate ratio (C/A, by mass) on porosity, compressive strength of pervious concrete samples and determined an optimum C/A for higher compressive strength. Secondly, fly ash was chosen as supplementary cementitious material to replace Portland cement at the optimum C/A. Then a series of environmental investigation like Suspended Solids, Ammonia-nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, Alkali precipitation tests were carried out to explore the purifying effect of concrete samples. Finally, this paper introduced zebrafish acute biotoxicity test specially to evaluate whether pervious concrete containing fly ash could be used for runoff pollution controlling and rainwater recycling. According to the results, C/A has a significant influence on the properties of pervious concrete. C/A (0.20–0.24) and 20% fly ash content were recommended to produce high strength pervious concrete. Meanwhile, the percolate collected from pervious concrete containing fly ash showed acute toxicity, killed all the zebrafish within 20 min and the disposed percolate performed much better which means only the disposed percolate could be used for pavement construction and rainwater recycling.

The pores characteristics such as pores size, distribution and specific surface areas play a dominant role in the permeability of pervious concrete. The aim of this research was to identify the pores characteristics in pervious concrete by 2D/3D CT images and investigate the relationship between pores characteristics and permeability. Eight groups of pervious concrete specimens with almost the same porosity but different aggregate size were prepared. Based on CT imaging technology, the 2D/3D pores characteristics were extracted and analyzed. It was found that the pores in pervious concrete were usually surrounded by three to seven aggregates. Most of pores were close to an ellipse with the ratio between major axis and minor axis varied from 1 to 6. According to the influence of pores size on permeability, pores were artificially classified into three groups, small ( 50 mm2). With the aggregate size increased, the content of small pores decreased and the proportion of large pores increased, while the content of medium pores had no significant change. Whatever the aggregate size was, lots of (>14%) “small pores (

Lightweight porous concrete is a popular energy-saving building material. However, the raw materials required to prepare this concrete paste are extracted from natural resources, and its early compressive strength is so low that it cannot be used for applications with a short casting time. In order to improve the early compressive strength and reduce energy and resource consumption during preparation, this study proposes using only solid wastes to prepare the pastes for lightweight porous concrete that can be ready to use in a short time. This was achieved by sintering a mixture of aluminum dust, flue-gas desulfurization gypsum, carbide slag, and red mud to obtain a cementitious material (CM). Then, other solid wastes (14.26 wt% flue-gas desulfurization gypsum, 9.9 wt% fly ash, and 1 wt% carbide slag) were blended with the CM to prepare ready-to-use lightweight porous concrete (RLPC), which was successfully prepared using only industrial solid wastes as the raw materials. The minimum thermal conductivity obtained was 0.15 W/m·K, and the maximum 28-d compressive strength obtained was 3.57 MPa for an RLPC dry density of ∼600 kg/m3. In addition, the 4-h and 1-d compressive strengths were up to 1.31 MPa and 1.57 MPa, respectively, which is even higher than the 28-d compressive strength of most conventional foamed concretes. Finally, our life cycle assessment showed that the preparation of RLPC has a lower environmental impact than that of conventional foamed concrete.

In this research, the mechanical and hydraulic characteristics of pervious concrete incorporating copper slag coarse aggregate were investigated. Generally, seven main mixes including 0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, and 100% replacement of dolomite aggregate with copper slag were considered in this study. The results of mechanical strength tests revealed that the highest increase in strength compared to the control mix was related to 60% replacement, in which compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength increased 31%, 19% and 18%, respectively. Also, the results of the Pull-off adhesion test showed that the bonding strengths of mixes incorporating 60% copper slag (median percentage) were similar to control mixes; while the bonding strength of mixes that incorporating 100% copper slag (high percentage) reduced dramatically. Moreover, the porosity and permeability of the pervious concrete were augmented with increase in the copper slag content.

The objective of this work is to examine the state of knowledge relevant to permeable concrete pavements (PCPs) and facilitate efforts in enhancing their overall performance and maximizing their environmental benefits. Based on a review of recent literature, this work provides a summary of the key environmental benefits of PCPs, in terms of stormwater runoff reduction, underground water quality improvement, heat-island effect mitigation, traffic noise reduction, and skid resistance improvement. The hydraulic performance of PCPs is determined by its mix design, pavement design, construction practice, and service environment. In general, it is difficult to simultaneously optimize the mechanical and durability properties and infiltration performance of PCPs. New technologies need to be developed to help improve the durability of PCPs without significantly increasing its maintenance requirements or sacrificing its infiltration properties. Freeze/thaw damage, deicer impacts, and clogging phenomenon still create bottleneck problems for the implementation of PCPs. The durability of PCPs in cold climates is governed by many factors, and advances could be made at many stages of its life cycle. Challenges remain in quantitative characterization of permeable concrete materials and in establishing quantitative relationships between physicochemical characteristics and performance of permeable concrete. Modeling and advanced characterization are expected to greatly advance the PCP technology. This review also provides a look to the future, for instance, there are some emerging areas of research (e.g., nano-science and nano-engineering) that may help address the durability challenges or further enhance the environmental benefits of PCPs.

Pervious concrete is an environment-friendly material in many aspects such as flood control, reducing heat island effect, water purification, providing better anti-skid performance in rainy days and better sound absorption capability. In this article, the influences of cement types and curing condition on properties of pervious concrete made with electric arc furnace slag as aggregates were investigated. Four types of cements (type I cement, type II cement, sulphoaluminate cement and calcium aluminate cement) were used and two curing conditions (saturated lime water curing and air curing) were considered. Results revealed that alumina, ferric oxide, tri-sulfate (AFt or ettringite) formed in pervious concrete made with sulphoaluminate cement, resulted in a serious degradation in compressive strength as well as flexural strength, especially for specimens cured in saturated lime water curing condition. Pervious concretes from type II cement showed better compressive strength and worst permeability while the one from sulphoaluminate cement shows opposite. Air Curing results were lower than lime water curing except concretes from sulphoaluminate cement.

Pervious concrete is an important material for permeable pavement, while the clogging phenomenon is deleterious to the service performance of the pervious concrete pavement. In this paper, the pervious concrete is proportioned by introducing a parameter of filling ratio, and the influences of filling ratio and W/C ratio on compressive strength and permeability of pervious concrete are investigated. A novel method using saturated slurry (soil suspension) as clogging media is proposed to evaluate the clogging resistance of pervious concrete. The pore characteristics are analyzed by the image processing to interpret the clogging phenomenon. The results indicate that the filling ratio is an essential parameter in the mix design of pervious concrete, while the only decrease of W/C is not always effective to prepare high performance pervious concrete. The proposed method could evaluate the clogging risk with clogging cycles for pervious concrete with different pore structures. According to image processing analysis, large pores are beneficial to the permeability, but on the contrary, excessive large pores would reduce the permeability due to the increase of pore tortuosity. More importantly, except for porosity and tortuosity, the pore size distribution needs to be sufficiently considered to design an unclogged pervious concrete.

This paper aims to develop a new numerical model to evaluate the flexural damage behavior of pervious concrete from its compositions. By considering this material within the framework of the quasi elasto-brittle approach, failure is modeled by the phase field method. Then, a taking-placing generation process of the extensive Monte Carlo simulation-type was constructed to account for the statistical effect of the pervious concrete structure. Various numerical investigations have been performed using this model. First, the modeling parameters were calibrated with the three-point bending test, then numerical-experimental correlations were well captured for both elastic and post softening regimes for the different structure sizes. Archived crack pattern analyses were used to examine the influence of the pore structure on certain values of peak load. Finally, the linear relationship between the flexural strength and the porosity was confirmed by agreement with the simulation results, which comprised of empirical references.

Rapidly growing and uncontrolled changes in the natural landscape due to human intervention has created a serious problem of rainwater harvesting in many Indian cities. Rainwater is seen getting wasted on the roads due to lack of proper design of drainage system. Construction of Pervious concrete pavement (PCP) is one of the best method to solve this problem. The pervious nature of the pavement is suggested to act as a drainage pipe and the water accumulated on the road or pavements drains out immediately. Therefore, an attempt has been made for the construction of PCP in this present study. The PCP was constructed at Nirma University campus, Ahmedabad, India for study purpose. The size of PCP stretch was 3 m × 10 m. The details of construction methodology and material used for the construction of PCP are included in this paper. In addition to that, properties of pervious concrete (PC) such as void ratio, compressive strength, permeability and density were evaluated and compared with field investigation results. The 28 days results of PC field cores and cast specimens achieved similar range for compressive strength and void ratio. Moreover, maintenance schedule was prepared for the supervision of PCP. The infiltration rate was measured at different intervals to determine if there was clogging in the PCP. Based on the results of this investigation, it is seen that there is successful drainage performance of the PCP, demonstrating the possibility of construction of such pavements in the water logged areas of India.

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and pozzolanic materials as a partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) and cement, respectively, on the mechanical and permeability properties of fiber-reinforced pervious concrete mixes. For this purpose, mixes were prepared with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (by weight) RCA as coarse aggregate, and cement was partially replaced with 10% silica fume (SF) and 1%, 2%, and 3% nano-clay (NC). In order to enhance the mechanical strength of mixes, steel fiber (STF) and waste plastic fiber (WPF) were incorporated in the mixtures at a volume fraction of 1% and 2%. The experiments were carried out on a total number of 2310 samples casted from 110 mixes. Based on the test results, up to 25% increase in permeability and about 60% reduction in strength properties of mix incorporating 100% RCA were observed. The use of SF and NC led to enhancements in the strength properties because of micro-filling ability and pozzolanic reactivity. In general, the addition of fibers enhanced both compressive and flexural strengths up to 65% and 79%, respectively, over that of the unreinforced counterpart mix by incorporating 2% STF. WPF-reinforced mixes showed inferior performance compared to the STF-reinforced counterparts, due to the low quality and poor dispersion of WPF in mixes. It was found that, incorporating 100% RCA combined with 2% STF and 2% NC yields a pervious concrete suitable for structural applications.

Water-rich gel of pre-saturated bentonite exhibits multiscale pore structures, which can be used as pore-forming agent to prepare porous concrete without any air entraining agents. In this study, pre-saturated bentonite with solid content of 11.1% was used to prepare ultra-lightweight EPS concrete at various dry density levels (300, 400, 500 and 600 kg/m3). For fresh mixtures (without EPS beads), yield stress increased while apparent viscosity decreased with the increased dosage of pre-saturated bentonite. The slump-flow of fresh mixture (with EPS beads) showed a growth trend, which had negative correlations with apparent viscosity. Meanwhile, the slump-flow was also affected by the wet density change. Thermal insulation of ultra-lightweight EPS concrete was improved by 14–31% compared to that of ordinary foamed concrete at the corresponding density. Thermal conductivities of 0.062–0.129 W·m−1·k−1 at dry densities of 300–600 kg/m3 were observed. Compressive strength decreased at lower density (≤400 kg/m3), but increased at higher density (≥500 kg/m3) with the increase of pre-saturated bentonite. The construction of plentiful multiscale pores by pre-saturated bentonite is the main reason for the lower thermal conductivity, while also can cause an increase in volumetric water absorption.

Author(s): Aghdasi, Parham; Williams, Ian D; Salazar, Brian; Panditi, Nicole; Taylor, Hayden K; Ostertag, Claudia P | Abstract: Recent advances in the development of Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (UHP-FRC) with very high compressive strength has inspired the development of a lightweight structure by engineering the void spaces in the material, thus taking advantage of porous concrete’s thermal insulating properties while maintaining strength and stiffness. This paper refers to this engineered material as Octet-Truss Engineered Concrete (OTEC). To make OTEC structures, UHP-FRC and “green” UHP-FRC (G-UHP-FRC) mixtures were developed. 50.8-mm side-length OTEC unit cell specimens with various element diameters as well as 5×1×1-cell OTEC flexural specimens with 8 mm-diameter elements were cast and tested under uniaxial compression and four-point bending, respectively. The compressive strength of the OTEC unit cell specimens with various element diameters is mainly stretching-dominated, and hence considerably surpasses that of the control foam Green Ultra-High Performance Concrete specimens with random pore orientations. These results indicate a promising application of UHP-FRC and G-UHP-FRC OTECs for lightweight structures.

In the last few years, there is an increasing demand for hygienically harmless environment in the area of well-being. One of many hygiene limits is the reduction of unwanted noise, especially from road or rail traffic. Road and rail traffic poses a huge noise burden, mainly in the built-up areas and civil construction. Unwanted noise needs to be reduced (diverted, swallowed, deterred). The most common tool for noise elimination is construction of various types of noise barriers, embankments, silent road covers and other elements. The paper deals with the development of noise barrier wall panels using lightweight porous concrete with foam glass based aggregate in the absorber area.

Red mud (RM) is a kind of industrial solid waste that is difficult to utilize，but it contains much alkali and has the ability of adsorbing some heavy metal ions. Due to these characteristics, red mud could be used as a raw material to develop a geopolymer based pervious concrete having rainwater purification function with granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). Following this, influence of different factors including RM content, the sodium hydroxide to silicate (Na2O/SiO2) mole ratio, and the alkali concentration of the activator on the mechanical properties and ability of adsorbing heavy metal ions were investigated. XRD, SEM and EDS were then used to characterize the microstructure and morphology in attempt to reveal the mechanisms on the strength formation and on the adsorption of heavy metal ions. The results show that both the Na2O/SiO2 mole ratio and the alkali concentration of the activator had an obvious effect on the strength of the RM-GBFS-based geopolymer pervious concrete, but little effect on the adsorption of heavy metal ions. Moreover, with the increasing content of RM, the strength of the RM-GBFS-based geopolymer pervious concrete decreased, while the adsorption of heavy metal ions improved significantly. The possible reason for the excellent ability of adsorbing heavy metal ions can be attributed to the composition of the hardened RM-GBFS-based geopolymer system including geopolymeric gel, C-S-H gel with a lower Ca/Si ratio and some raw RM particles that have great ability of adsorbing heavy metal ions. As the compressive strength at 28 d of the RM-GBFS based geopolymer pervious concrete (containing 30 wt% RM in the geopolymer) can reach 18.53 MPa, it can applied in the light road pavement in China, and this pervious concrete has been demonstrated to have the function of rainwater purification due to its higher removal of heavy metal ions from solution that can reach 53%–77%. Therefore, it can be concluded that it is feasible to employ RM for manufacturing geopolymer-based pervious concrete with function of rainwater purification.

Pervious concrete is one of essential components in construction of sponge city, and the current study mainly focuses on the fracture performance of such promising material. Combined with three-point-bending (3-p-b) tests, a new method is proposed to determine the fracture properties of pervious concrete on the basis of Boundary Effect Model (BEM). The effects of material micro-structures (pore structure, aggregate structure) and specimen geometries on the fracture of pervious concrete are incorporated into the proposed formula in the form of fictitious crack. Then four groups of 3-p-b test results are collected to verify the proposed methods. The results show that the fracture properties obtained are independent of the specimen geometries, but are significantly influenced by the micro-structure of pervious concrete. The pervious concrete is strengthened with the increase of aggregate sizes, but is weakened with the increase of voids contents. Taking into account all the conclusions offered above, the fracture properties are strongly suggested to be carefully considered during the design of pervious concrete structures.

The Pervious Concrete Pile (PCP) is a technique that has emerged as an innovative method to improve radial consolidation and the bearing capacity of soft soils. The PCP, a stiffer vertical column (pile), has voids on the surface that accelerate the radial consolidation and eventually improve soft soils' bearing capacity. Since the PCP is stiffer material, the performance does not depend on the confined soil, unlike other drains. As the rate of radial consolidation hinges on the drain's hydraulic conductivity, ensuring the permeability of PCP along its total length is essential. An innovative method of dented sheet liner has been introduced in this study to improve the hydraulic conductivity of PCP. This method was introduced to create surface roughness and regular voids along the length of PCP. Malleable material like aluminium has been dented with specified patterns as a liner on the inner surface and introduced along with conventional formwork, which shall be removed after the concrete's final setting time. A series of laboratory experiments such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, porosity, and falling head permeability tests were performed on PCP cast using dented sheet liners. The results were compared with the conventional PCP properties to establish the efficiency of dented sheet liner in improving the hydraulic conductivity of pervious concrete. The results show that using dented sheet liners, the hydraulic properties porosity and permeability of PCP have been increased up to 22.5% and 79%, respectively, with minimum reduction in the strength parameters.