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The spectrum of movement disorders associated with anti N-Methyl-d-Aspartate-Receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is myriad, particularly in children, possibilities of which were investigated from two tertiary care centres.A retrospective study was conducted in two tertiary referral centres in Eastern India, analysing data of 8 paediatric patients diagnosed as anti NMDAR encephalitis, presenting with one or more movement disorders (MDs).All the patients were of Bengali ethnicity with a median age of 9 years (3-16 years) and with female predilection (62.5%). CSF pleocytosis was a common feature in all. Seizures were described in 62.5%% of patients with a solitary patient exhibiting abnormalities on brain imaging. 3 out of 8 (37.5%) of patients presented with a single MD while the remaining had more than one type. Oro-linguo-facial dyskinesias and dystonia (37.5% each) were the most common movement type followed by chorea (12.5%). Complex stereotypies, myoclonus and facial tics were noted in one patient each. All patients received pulse methyl prednisolone. Escalation to second line therapy in form of rituximab was done for 5 patients (62.5%). Following immunotherapy, hyperkinetic movements resolved in 50% of patients, with persistence of movements in one (12.5%). A mortality of 37.5% was noted. Median duration of follow up was 26 months, during which none of the patients had evidence of systemic neoplasm.MDs are a core feature of anti NMDAR encephalitis, particularly in the paediatric age group, understanding and characterization of which, is the key to early diagnosis and effective therapy.

Solar energy is the centre of attention and major need of the world. The advancement in the photovoltaic devices plays the key role in the path of solar energy applications. The progress in the perovskite solar cell technologies in the direction of their theoretical power conversion efficiency necessitates elusive control above the carrier dynamics all over the whole device. In the present investigation, a comparative study via SCAPS simulation has been done for the optimization of the device in the light of high power conversion efficiency of organic–inorganic perovskite-based photovoltaic solar cells. Perovskite absorber layers CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3SnI3 are sandwiched in between the TiO2 as electron transport layer (ETL) and spiro-OMeTAD as hole transport layer (HTL) to design the hetrostructures for the simulation. We have achieved enhancement in the power conversion efficiencies of both the devices as compared to the reported experimental and theoretical studies previously.

Lead free and environment friendly, light absorbing material is in high demand for the photovoltaic perovskite solar cell devices. The double perovskite La2NiMnO6 have the centre of attention for this demand. The present review is focused to discuss briefly the progress and challenges in the structural and magnetic properties of La2NiMnO6 in bulk, nano and thin film phases. The structural changes of La2NiMnO6 are highly interesting and have the direct correlation with the magnetic properties. On the basis of these transformations in the structure, efforts have been made to discuss several scientific progresses into technical novelties. This short review article is critically dedicated on reviewing the progresses, openings, and upcoming challenges in perovskite solar cell devices.

The control on magnetization via applied electric field is the centre of attention in multiferroic materials for the achievement of technological device applications. The bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is best multiferroic material which has the ferroelectric as well as weak magnetic nature simultaneously in the single phase near the room temperature. There are many unsolved problems in the path of the actual device applications of multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) due to the transformation of several scientific progresses into technical innovations. So, there is a need to solve these complications via focused research movements, which may convert this useful material into actual device applications. This review article is mainly concentrated on look over the recent advances on technological achievements and challenges in BFO via the magnetoelectric coupling and presents the latest devices achievements.

This paper presents synthesis and study of Structural, Optical, and Photocatalytic properties of bismuth ferrite (BFO) and nickel doped bismuth ferrite (BiFe1-xNixO3) nanoparticles. The synthesis of BiFeO3 and BiFe1-xNixO3 (x = 0.02, 0.04) are done by Sol-Gel method. After synthesis the samples of pure and transition metal ion (Ni) doped bismuth ferrite have been studied by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope and Raman Spectroscopy. Optical properties are studied by using UV–vis spectroscopy using different wavelengths (range 300–800 nm). Photocatalytic properties are also studied by degradation of MB dye using prepared samples as photocatalyst. XRD patterns shows that all the prepared samples are crystalline and crystallinity increased by Ni-doping and shifts in XRD peaks by Ni-doping shows the distortion in the structure of BFO. Raman spectroscopy also indicates the rhombohedral distorted structure of Ni-doped BFO in R3C space group. FESEM micrographs shows that Ni-doped BFO has polyhedral and spherical shape grains and Ni doping cause reduction in grain size. Optical band gap reduced due to Ni-doping is shown by the UV–Vis spectroscopy results and Tauc’s plots. The increase in reduction of MB dye due to Ni-doping shows the enhanced photocatalytic properties of BFO by Ni doping.