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Three dimensional bioprinter technologies created an availability to use alive cells and molecules to replace or repair a damaged part of the body. In this paper, a novel alginate-gelatin hydrogel using BioFab X4 with a novel bioink cured with UV was produced. The designed architecture was fabricated with a cubic shape and then coated with various content of naproxen drug to estimate its drug release and biological response. The fabricated scaffolds were investigated for mechanical properties (porosity and tensile strength) and biological features (biodegradation and pH changes). The bioprinted samples were analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The obtained outcome indicated that the bioink with a coated naproxen has an especial mechanical and biological response compares to the pure specimen. The bioprinted specimen tensile strength increase from 64 kPa to 79 kPa as the coated eliminate from the surface of the scaffold. The morphological and structural properties of the coats show that the addition of naproxen may increase the adhesion of the polymers and chemical bonds encounter with higher toughness via coats. The printed scaffolds with a tensile strength of 78 kPa and 79 kPa belong to the sample with 4% and 6% naproxen coating. The pH concentration shows that the sample with coat and non-coat does not create an acidic environment after soaking for a specific time in the SBF or physiological saline. However, the degradation rate increases from 0.18 to 0.27 after soaking the sample in PBS. The results demonstrated that the novel hydrogel ink is fully compatible with the body.

A combusted coal gangue is an inorganic waste utilized for removal of heavy metal from aqueous mixtures; however, the individual adsorption capacity of this adsorbent is not high individually. Therefore, a natural polysaccharide such as alginate is utilized to make bio- inorganic composite to increase the heavy metals’ adsorption capacity. In this study, the alginate-combusted coal gangue (ACCG) composite was prepared and used as an adsorbent for Zn(II) and Mn(II) removal in batch experiments. The mineralogy, structure, and morphology of the ACCG composite were characterized. The principal parameters have been optimized, which in optimum condition, the maximum uptake of zinc and manganese was obtained 77.68 and 64.29 mg/g, respectively. To catch the mechanism of zinc and manganese adsorption, the equilibrium studies were investigated using nonlinear isotherm models in single and binary systems. The studies indicate that the adsorption process in both systems was carried out in a homogeneous and single layer surface. The amount of Zn(II) and Mn(II) adsorbed in competitive conditions were 65.4 and 53.8 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic studies indicate that intra-particle diffusion is the rate-limiting step of the adsorption process. Furthermore, thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the adsorption of zinc and manganese onto the ACCG composite was spontaneous.