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Colchicum luteum L. is an economically important medicinal plant species of the North Western Himalaya. The corm extract of this plant is utilized in the treatment of many diseases. It is also used extensively in plant breeding program for the doubling of chromosomes. The antifungal activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the corm of the medicinal plant Colchicum luteum were investigated in this study. These extracts were tested against the fungi, Colletotrichum sp. and Fusarium oxysporum. The ethanolic extract of corm (100 mg mL−1) inhibited Colletotrichum sp. and F. oxysporum with inhibition zones of 19.2 mm and 18.3 mm, respectively, whereas the aqueous extract of corm (100 mg mL−1) inhibited Colletotrichum sp. and F. oxysporum with inhibition zones of 17.1 mm and 15.2 mm, respectively. Colchicine was isolated from several plant components (corms, seeds, leaves, and flowers) and its concentration was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The corm had the highest percentage of colchicine (0.191% ± 0.036) of all the plant parts examined, followed by the seeds (0.103% ± 0.021). As a result, it can be said that the corms and seeds of C. luteum could serve as a natural source of colchicine for the pharmaceutical industry.

Bioenergy has obvious advantages over conventional fossil fuels owing to its renewability and huge capacity, which has dominating role in shielding the energy security that can be a favourable alternative to the disruption of food, resources and the atmosphere. In order to maintain their immediate energy levels and restore the atmosphere, coal-based countries need alternative fuels. For example, wonder inclusion to renewable energy are biofuels derived from crop residues devoid of sacrificing on food production. Annually, about 65 million tonnes (or 280 million metric tonnes) of energy crop-based ethanol are generated, which itself is equal to China's present gasoline ethanol output (2 million tonnes per year). The adverse effects of bioenergy production can vary highly depending on biological sources, land locations and management practices. Replacing fossil fuels with biofuels can significantly reduce these harmful effects arising from various fossil fuels. Identifying crop growing areas, appropriate bioenergy cultivars and appropriate management practices will contribute to the rig environment and biochemical sustainable development. Improved farm management and landscape planning are valuable for ecological services. This paper discusses several biofuels induced patterns of land managements, and generations of biofuel resources practices, cultivation of bioenergy crops environmental implications, and prospective techniques for establishing ecologically friendly biomass energy programmes.