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1. Advantages of quasi-monochromatic X-ray sources in absorption mammography

Author

Oliva, P, Golosio, B, Stumbo, S, Carpinelli, M, OLIVA, Piernicola, GOLOSIO, Bruno, Stumbo S, CARPINELLI, Massimo, Oliva, P, Golosio, B, Stumbo, S, Carpinelli, M, OLIVA, Piernicola, GOLOSIO, Bruno, Stumbo S, and CARPINELLI, Massimo

Abstract

Mammography is a challenging field of medical imaging. Early detection of breast cancer requires identifying small contrast details. The choice of the appropriate monochromatic energy enhances the visibility of such details. Thomson scattering source can provide tunable quasi-monochromatic X-ray beams. In this work, we investigate by Monte Carlo simulations the optimal monochromatic energy to image mammographic phantoms. In order to mimic a Thomson scattering source, we consider the effect on image quality of the presence of an energy spread and of the presence of higher-order harmonics.

Published
2009

4. Dependence of image quality on energy spread for a Bragg diffraction based radiography system

Author

Baldelli, P., primary, Bacci, A., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Ferrario, M., additional, Gambaccini, M., additional, Giulietti, D., additional, Golosio, B., additional, Maroli, C., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Petrillo, V., additional, Serafini, L., additional, Stumbo, S., additional, Taibi, A., additional, Tomassini, P., additional, and Vaccarezza, C., additional

Published
2007
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5. Distributed medical images analysis on a Grid infrastructure

Author

Bellotti, R., primary, Cerello, P., additional, Tangaro, S., additional, Bevilacqua, V., additional, Castellano, M., additional, Mastronardi, G., additional, De Carlo, F., additional, Bagnasco, S., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Cataldo, R., additional, Catanzariti, E., additional, Cheran, S.C., additional, Delogu, P., additional, De Mitri, I., additional, De Nunzio, G., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Fauci, F., additional, Gargano, G., additional, Golosio, B., additional, Indovina, P.L., additional, Lauria, A., additional, Lopez Torres, E., additional, Magro, R., additional, Masala, G.L., additional, Massafra, R., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Preite Martinez, A., additional, Quarta, M., additional, Raso, G., additional, Retico, A., additional, Sitta, M., additional, Stumbo, S., additional, Tata, A., additional, Squarcia, S., additional, Schenone, A., additional, Molinari, E., additional, and Canesi, B., additional

Published
2007
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6. Preprocessing methods for nodule detection in lung CT

Author

Delogu, P., primary, Cheran, S.C., additional, De Mitri, I., additional, De Nunzio, G., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Fauci, F., additional, Gargano, G., additional, Lopez Torres, E., additional, Massafra, R., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Preite Martinez, A., additional, Raso, G., additional, Retico, A., additional, Stumbo, S., additional, and Tata, A., additional

Published
2005
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9. GPCALMA: a grid approach to mammographic screening

Author

Bagnasco, S., primary, Bottigli, U., additional, Cerello, P., additional, Delogu, P., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Lopez Torres, E., additional, Masala, G.L., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Retico, A., additional, and Stumbo, S., additional

Published
2004
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10. GPCALMA, a mammographic CAD in a GRID connection

Author

Bottigli, U, primary, Cerello, P, additional, Delogu, P, additional, Fantacci, M.E, additional, Fauci, F, additional, Golosio, B, additional, Lauria, A, additional, Lopez Torres, E, additional, Magro, R, additional, Masala, G.L, additional, Oliva, P, additional, Palmiero, R, additional, Raso, G, additional, Retico, A, additional, Stumbo, S, additional, and Tangaro, S, additional

Published
2003
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12. Spectroscopic and imaging capabilities of a pixellated photon counting system

Author

Amendolia, S.R., primary, Bisogni, M.G., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Delogu, P., additional, Dipasquale, G., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Marchi, A., additional, Marzulli, V.M., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Palmiero, R., additional, Rosso, V., additional, Stefanini, A., additional, Stumbo, S., additional, and Zucca, S., additional

Published
2001
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13. Performance of a medical imaging system for photons in the 60–140 keV energy range

Author

Amendolia, S.R., primary, Bisogni, M.G., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Ceccopieri, A., additional, Delogu, P., additional, Dipasquale, G., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Maestro, P., additional, Marchi, A., additional, Marzulli, V.M., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Palmiero, R., additional, Pernigotti, E., additional, Rosso, V., additional, Stefanini, A., additional, and Stumbo, S., additional

Published
2001
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14. Evaluation of the imaging properties of a direct detection single photon counting based system

Author

Amendolia, S.R., primary, Bisogni, M.G., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Ceccopieri, A., additional, Delogu, P., additional, Dipasquale, G., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Marchi, A., additional, Marzulli, V.M., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Palmiero, R., additional, Rosso, V., additional, Stefanini, A., additional, and Stumbo, S., additional

Published
2001
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15. The CALMA project

Author

Amendolia, S.R., primary, Bisogni, M.G., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Ceccopieri, A., additional, Delogu, P., additional, Dipasquale, G., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Lorenzini, E., additional, Marchi, A., additional, Marzulli, V.M., additional, Oliva, P., additional, Palmiero, R., additional, Reggiani, M., additional, Rosso, V., additional, Stefanini, A., additional, Stumbo, S., additional, Tangaro, S., additional, and Venier, O., additional

Published
2001
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16. The CALMA project: a CAD tool in breast radiography

Author

Amendolia, S.R., primary, Bisogni, M.G., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Ceccopieri, A., additional, Delogu, P., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Marchi, A., additional, Marzulli, V.M., additional, Palmiero, R., additional, and Stumbo, S., additional

Published
2001
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17. Test of a GaAs-based pixel device for digital mammography

Author

Amendolia, S.R., primary, Bisogni, M.G., additional, Bottigli, U., additional, Ciocci, M.A., additional, Delogu, P., additional, Dipasquale, G., additional, Fantacci, M.E., additional, Maestro, P., additional, Marzulli, V., additional, Mikulec, B., additional, Pernigotti, E., additional, Rosso, V., additional, Stefanini, A., additional, and Stumbo, S., additional

Published
2001
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18. GaAs detector optimization for different medical imaging applications

Author

Amendolia, S.R, primary, Bertolucci, E, additional, Bisogni, M.G, additional, Bottigli, U, additional, Ciocci, M.A, additional, Conti, M, additional, Delogu, P, additional, Fantacci, M.E, additional, Maestro, P, additional, Marzulli, V, additional, Pernigotti, E, additional, Romeo, N, additional, Rosso, V, additional, Russo, P, additional, Stefanini, A, additional, and Stumbo, S, additional

Published
1999
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19. GaAs pixel radiation detector as an autoradiography tool for genetic studies

Author

Bertolucci, E, primary, Conti, M, additional, Mettivier, G, additional, Russo, P, additional, Amendolia, S.R, additional, Bisogni, M.G, additional, Bottigli, U, additional, Ceccopieri, A, additional, Ciocci, M.A, additional, Delogu, P, additional, Fantacci, M.E, additional, Maestro, P, additional, Marzulli, V.M, additional, Pernigotti, E, additional, Romeo, N, additional, Rosso, V, additional, Stefanini, A, additional, and Stumbo, S, additional

Published
1999
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20. MEDIPIX: a VLSI chip for a GaAs pixel detector for digital radiology

Author

Amendolia, S.R, primary, Bertolucci, E, additional, Bisogni, M.G, additional, Bottigli, U, additional, Ceccopieri, A, additional, Ciocci, M.A, additional, Conti, M, additional, Delogu, P, additional, Fantacci, M.E, additional, Maestro, P, additional, Marzulli, V, additional, Pernigotti, E, additional, Romeo, N, additional, Rosso, V, additional, Rosso, P, additional, Stefanini, A, additional, and Stumbo, S, additional

Published
1999
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21. Spectroscopic response of a CdZnTe multiple electrode detector

Author

Simone Stumbo, S. Del Sordo, Vladimir Gostilo, Gaetano Gerardi, Adriano Cola, E. Perillo, A. La Manna, Leonardo Abbene, A. Raulo, Francesco Fauci, Giuseppe Raso, ABBENE L, DEL SORDO S, FAUCI F, GERARDI G, LA MANNA A, RASO G, COLA A, PERILLO E, RAULO A, GOSTILO V, and STUMBO S

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, business.industry, CdZnTe detector, Steering electrode, Detector, Multiple electrode detector, Electron, Small pixel effect, Cathode, Anode, law.invention, Crystal, Full width at half maximum, X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopy, law, Electrode, Optoelectronics, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

The spectroscopic performances of a CdZnTe detector (crystal size: 5×5×0.9 mm 3 ) with five electrodes (cathode, anode and three steering electrodes) were studied. The anode layout, which consists of a circular electrode ( φ =80 μm) surrounded by two ring electrodes (gap=100 μm; radial width Δ r =100 μm) and by one electrode that extends to the edge of the crystal, is mostly sensitive to the electron carriers, overcoming the well known effect of the hole trapping in the measured spectra. We report on the spectroscopic response of the detector at different bias voltages of the electrodes and at various photon energies ( 109 Cd, 241 Am and 57 Co sources). The CdZnTe detector exhibits excellent energy resolution (0.87 keV FWHM at 22.1 keV, 1.15 keV FWHM at 59.5 keV and 1.91 keV FWHM at 122.1 keV; working temperature −10 °C) and low tailing (FW.1M to FWHM ratio of 1.87 at 22.1 keV, 1.93 at 59.5 keV and 2.01 at 122.1 keV). This study stresses on the excellent spectroscopic properties and the stability of the CdZnTe detectors equipped with a custom anode layout. Furthermore, the obtained results make such detectors very attractive candidates as X-ray spectrometers mainly for medical applications.

Published
2007
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22. Preprocessing methods for nodule detection in lung CT

Author

E. López Torres, A. Preite Martinez, G. Gargano, Giuseppe Raso, G. De Nunzio, Simone Stumbo, A. Tata, Alessandra Retico, Maria Evelina Fantacci, S.C. Cheran, Francesco Fauci, I. De Mitri, Piernicola Oliva, Raffaella Massafra, Pasquale Delogu, P., Delogu, S. C., Cheran, DE MITRI, Ivan, DE NUNZIO, Giorgio, M. E., Fantacci, F., Fauci, G., Gargano, E., Lopez Torre, R., Massafra, P., Oliva, A., Preite Martinez, G., Raso, A., Retico, S., Stumbo, A., Tata, DELOGU P, CHERAN S C, DE MITRI I, DE NUNZIO G, FANTACCI M E, FAUCI F, GARGANO G, LOPEZ TORRES E, MASSAFRA R, OLIVA P, PREITE MARTINEZ A, RASO G, RETICO A, STUMBO S, and TATA A

Subjects
low-dose lung MSCT, Nodule detection, medicine.medical_specialty, lung nodules detection, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Computed tomography, General Medicine, Computer aided detection, Multi slice ct, Low dose lung MSCT, Pulmonary nodule, Screening programs, Medicine, Preprocessor, lung nodule detection, Radiology, Stage (cooking), business
Abstract

The use of automatic systems in the analysis of medical images has proven to be very useful to radiologists, especially in the framework of screening programs, in which radiologists make their first diagnosis on the basis of images only, most of those corresponding to healthy patients, and have to distinguish pathological findings from non-pathological ones at an early stage. In particular, we are developing preprocessing methods to be applied for pulmonary nodule Computer Aided Detection in low-dose lung Multi Slice CT (computed tomography) images.

Published
2005
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23. Advantages of quasi-monochromatic X-ray sources in absorption mammography

Author

Bruno Golosio, Piernicola Oliva, M. Carpinelli, Simone Stumbo, Oliva, P, Golosio, B, Stumbo, S, and Carpinelli, M

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, medicine.diagnostic_test, Scattering, business.industry, Image quality, Thomson scattering, Physics::Medical Physics, Monte Carlo method, Inelastic scattering, Electromagnetic radiation, Optics, medicine, Mammography, Monochromatic color, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

Mammography is a challenging field of medical imaging. Early detection of breast cancer requires identifying small contrast details. The choice of the appropriate monochromatic energy enhances the visibility of such details. Thomson scattering source can provide tunable quasi-monochromatic X-ray beams. In this work, we investigate by Monte Carlo simulations the optimal monochromatic energy to image mammographic phantoms. In order to mimic a Thomson scattering source, we consider the effect on image quality of the presence of an energy spread and of the presence of higher-order harmonics.

Published
2009
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24. GaAs detector optimization for different medical imaging applications

Author

Marcello Rossetti Conti, Paolo Maestro, Salvator Roberto Amendolia, V. Marzulli, Paolo Russo, E. Bertolucci, E. Pernigotti, U. Bottigli, Valeria Rosso, Maria Agnese Ciocci, A. M. Stefanini, Simone Stumbo, N. Romeo, Maria Evelina Fantacci, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Pasquale Delogu, Amendolia, S. R., Bertolucci, E., Bisogni, M. G., Bottigli, U., Ciocci, M. A., Conti, M., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Maestro, P., Marzulli, V., Pernigotti, E., Romeo, N., Rosso, V., Russo, P., Stefanini, A., and Stumbo, S.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, medicine.medical_specialty, Digital mammography, business.industry, GaAs detectors, Radiography, Detector, Gaas detectors, medical imaging applications, Optics, X-rays, Medical imaging, medicine, Detection performance, Medical physics, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

We have investigated the detection performance of GaAs detectors made with different thickness and contact geometries. A comparison is made between these detection capabilities and the imaging requirements for the following medical applications: digital mammography, digital chest radiography and nuclear medicine. Experimental results and preliminary images are presented and discussed.

Published
1999
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25. MEDIPIX: a VLSI chip for a GaAs pixel detector for digital radiology

Author

Maria Agnese Ciocci, E. Bertolucci, Maria Evelina Fantacci, A. M. Stefanini, Valeria Rosso, Simone Stumbo, N. Romeo, U. Bottigli, A. Ceccopieri, P. Rosso, Salvator Roberto Amendolia, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Marcello Rossetti Conti, E. Pernigotti, Paolo Maestro, Pasquale Delogu, V. Marzulli, Amendolia, Sr, Bertolucci, Ennio, Bisogni, M, Bottigli, U, Ceccopieri, A, Ciocci, M, Conti, Maurizio, Delogu, P, Fantacci, Me, Maestro, P, Marzulli, V, Pernigotti, E, Romeo, N, Rosso, V, Russo, Paolo, Stefanini, A, and Stumbo, S.

Subjects
Physics, Very-large-scale integration, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Digital mammography, Medipix, business.industry, Detector, Photon Counting detectors, Chip, Particle detector, Photon counting, Semiconductor detector, Optics, Digital radiography, GaA, Solid state detectors, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

A GaAs pixel detector designed for digital mammography, equipped with a 36-channel single photon counting discrete read-out electronics, was tested using a test object developed for quality control purposes in mammography. Each pixel was 200×200 μm2 large, and 200 μm deep. The choice of GaAs with respect to silicon (largely used in other applications and with a more established technique) has been made because of the much better detection efficiency at mammographic energies, combined with a very good charge collection efficiency achieved thanks to new ohmic contacts. This GaAs detector is able to perform a measurement of low-contrast details, with minimum contrast lower (nearly a factor two) than that typically achievable with standard mammographic film+screen systems in the same conditions of clinical routine. This should allow for an earlier diagnosis of breast tumour masses. Due to these encouraging results, the next step in the evolution of our imaging system based on GaAs detectors has been the development of a VLSI front-end prototype chip (MEDIPIX ) in order to cover a much larger diagnostic area. The chip reads 64×64 channels in single photon counting mode, each one 170 μm wide. Each channel contains also a test input where a signal can be simulated, injecting a known charge through a 16 f F capacitor. Fake signals have been injected via the test input measuring and equalizing minimum thresholds for all the channels. On an average, in most of the performing chips available up to now, we have found that it is possible to set a threshold as low as 1800 electrons with an RMS of 150 electrons (10 standard deviations lower than the 20 keV photon signal roughly equivalent to 4500 electrons). The detector, bump-bonded to the chip, will be tested and a ladder of detectors will be prepared to be able to scan large surface objects.

Published
1999
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