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Highlights • We performed a hybrid TEVAR for concomitant anastomotic pseudoaneurysm and CoA. • TEVAR for concomitant pseudoaneurysm and native CoA is feasible and less invasive. • TEVAR can be an alternative option for young patients who have to resume work early after surgery., Introduction Anastomotic pseudoaneurysm is one of the most common but catastrophic complications in coarctation of the aorta (CoA); this is equally true even if the initial surgery is not directly related to the coarctation. Redo open heart surgery is usually required for the pseudoaneurysm; however, redo surgery remains challenging with high morbidity and mortality rates. Presentation of case A 38-year-old woman with CoA, who had undergone left subclavian artery (LSCA) to descending aorta bypass 21 years prior, was referred to us for the treatment of distal anastomotic pseudoaneurysm. Zone 2 thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) with LSCA debranching was performed to exclude the distal anastomotic pseudoaneurysm and expand the CoA using a stent graft. The patient completely recovered and resumed work without delay. Discussion In patients who require surgical treatment for both pseudoaneurysm and CoA, hybrid TEVAR can be an alternative surgical option instead of conventional open repair. Conclusion TEVAR for concomitant pseudoaneurysm and native CoA is feasible and less invasive, especially for young patients who have to resume work early after surgery.

Formation process of carbon nanocaps, which are formed at the beginning of carbon nanotube (CNT) growth by surface decomposition of SiC, was investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and in situ near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. As Si atoms were desorbed, carbon nanoparticles 1–2 nm in diameter were accumulated on SiC(000-1) surfaces. At around 1200 °C, these were coalesced and crystallized to carbon nanocaps. In addition, just before the crystallization, majority of C–C bonds were directed nearly parallel to the surface. Based on these experimental results, we proposed a model for carbon nanocap formation, which plays an important role to determine the CNTs.