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To evaluate the national prevalence depression of Chinese cancer patients and clarify its potential associated factors. Twelve databases were searched from database inception through October 31, 2022 for relevant studies published in English (PubMed MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane and Web of Science) and Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Weipu, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System, Duxiu) that estimated point or period prevalence of depression, depressive disorder, or suicidal ideation as assessed by self-report scale or structured interview. 201 studies were eligible for inclusion in our meta-analyses. We found the national pooled prevalence rates of depression and suicidal ideation were 44.63 % (95 % CI 42.24 %-47.01 %) and 24.95 % (95 % CI 10.96 %-38.95 %), respectively. The pooled prevalence of depression was associated with study location, cancer type, comorbid chronic disease, and female sex (all P 0.05). The distribution of the depression prevalence among cancer patients in mainland China was characterized by significant geographical variation and clustering. The highest pooled prevalence of depression was among gynecologic oncology patients. We recommend that more attention and resources be given to mental health problems such as depression and suicidal ideation among Chinese cancer patients, and that prevention programs be developed, especially in areas with a high prevalence of depression.

The high rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection poses a serious threat to public health. Previous studies have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 can infect human ovary, the core organ of the female reproductive system. However, it remains unclear which type of ovarian cells are easily infected by SARS-CoV-2 and whether ovarian infectivity differs from puberty to menopause. In this study, public datasets containing bulk and single-cell RNA-Seq data derived from ovarian tissues were analyzed to demonstrate the mRNA expression and protein distribution of the two key entry receptors for SARS-CoV-2—angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and type II transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2). Furthermore, an immunohistochemical study of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human ovaries of different ages was conducted. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis of ovaries of different ages and with varying ovarian reserves was conducted to explore the potential functions of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the ovary. The analysis of the public datasets indicated that the co-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was observed mostly in oocytes and partially in granulosa cells. However, no marked difference was observed in ACE2 or TMPRSS2 expression between young and old ovaries and ovaries with low and high reserves. Correspondingly, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were detected in the human ovarian cortex and medulla, especially in oocytes of different stages, with no observed variations in their expression level in ovaries of different ages, which was consistent with the results of bioinformatic analyses. Remarkably, DEG analysis showed that a series of viral infection-related pathways were more enriched in ACE2-positive ovarian cells than in ACE2-negative ovarian cells, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 may potentially target specific ovarian cells and affect ovarian function. However, further fundamental and clinical research is still needed to monitor the process of SARS-CoV-2 entry into ovarian cells and the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the ovarian function in recovered females.

Cone-straight nozzle has been widely used in well bore cleaning, assisting drilling in petroleum industries due to its good clustering properties. The structure including cone angle and throat length has also been studied by scholars and been optimized. However, the internal flow properties have not been investigated clearly especially the boundary layer flow. In this paper LES model is used to capture the small-scale flow state near the nozzle wall. The RNG k-epsilon model is used to validate the accuracy of the LES simulation, the simulation data shows a good agreement. Three different inlet velocities are considered in simulations. The velocity distribution, shear stress, boundary layer thickness, skin friction coefficient and Reynolds stress are analyzed, the boundary layer separation and transition are discussed. The state of flow inside nozzle is laminar with inlet velocity of 1 m/s and gradually transferred into turbulent with the increasing inlet velocity. The most severe turbulence is at the entrance of the throat section, the vortex structure appears at the entrance of converging section and dose not survive, the vortex structure appears in sequence along the throat section wall when the inlet velocity is set to 5 m/s and 10 m/s the flow properties along the conical nozzle are revealed clearly, the main flow resistance is mainly produced in throat section. All these works aim to provide theoretical support for the further processing optimization of the nozzle structure and reduce the flow resistance of nozzle.

Background Apios Americana Medicus (AM), a potential staple food substitution characterized as mass production, abundant nutrition and low cost, has been consumed with a long history in eastern North American. Nowadays, AM have been cultured, consumed and studied worldwide. Nevertheless, present studies focused on AM are mainly about its nutritional values, chemical compositions and biological activities, whereas these studies only remain at their infancy, and investigations concerning AM's deep processing and application are still insufficient. Besides, current studies have dedicated to learn edible AM tuber (AMT), while less studies paid attention other parts, such as flower, leaf and vine. Scope and approach In this review, we comprehensively reviewed and analyzed the current research progress of AM based on the literature published from 1924 to 2021, then systematically categorized and summarized the bioactive substances in different parts, presented and exemplified their biological activities. Furthermore, we have also thoroughly discussed the present shortage and challenges that AM faces, and predicted AM's possible orientation and perspectives in the future. Key findings and conclusions AM has abundant bioactive chemicals in different parts, and demonstrates remarkable bioactivities in antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-hypertension, immunoregulation, anti-tumor and improvement in post-partum uterine involution. Therefore, it is suggested that AM shows potential to become future staple food candidate with diverse bioactivities, which would enlighten some innovate ideas on increasing farmers’ income, and provide potential promising strategies to solve global hunger.

This paper addresses the bipartite leader-following and leaderless synchronization in a signed network composed by an array of coupled Lurie systems with time-varying delay, where the signed network contains both the non-delay coupling term and the delay coupling term. By using the pinning control strategy and a gauge transformation to transform the problem of bipartite synchronization for signed network into that of synchronization of unsigned network, choosing an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF), applying Jensen inequality and reciprocally convex inequality to estimate the derivative of the LKF, several sufficient conditions, which guarantee the bipartite leader-following and leaderless synchronization for the coupled Lurie networks with time-varying delay, are newly obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). When the delay coupling term is not considered, some criteria in terms of low-dimensional LMIs are established by using M-matrix theory. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.

The present work displays the observations of an afternoon detached aurora along with ionospheric high-latitude trough. The event was observed by DMSP F17 on 19 September 2014. The afternoon detached aurora was isolated from the auroral oval and was located between 12:00–18:00 magnetic local time (MLT) and 65–70° geomagnetic latitude (MLAT). Particle observations indicate that the afternoon detached aurora was produced by energetic ring current ions with energies above ~10 keV where the main ion energy was likely to be above the upper limit of DMSP measurement (~30 keV). Magnetometer observation from the ground implies that the energetic ions were likely scattered by EMIC waves. Both the detached aurora and the auroral oval are found to be well inside the high-latitude trough with MLAT between ~64° and ~76° (68–80° GLAT). The auroral oval corresponds to a westward (sunward) plasma drift. It is expected that the westward drift transports the low-density plasma in the nightside toward the dayside, leading to the high-latitude trough formation. The afternoon detached aurora was well equatorward of the high-latitude trough, and the corresponding plasma drift was nearly zero. The plasma associated with the detached aurora is expected to be stagnant, and broaden the high-latitude trough equatorward.

Evening corotating patches (ECP) are a special type of aurora, which occur at subauroral latitude. In the present work we have used the images observed by DMSP/SSUSI instruments to investigate the ECP in a global perspective. This study indicates that the ECP occur in the recovery phase of magnetic storms. The ECP were observed between 58° and 68° magnetic latitude (MLAT) in the evening sector between 16:00 and 20:00 magnetic local time (MLT). The ECP cororate with the Earth but they occur at same MLAT, this suggest that the source region related to ECP is inside the plasmasphere. Particle observations indicate that ECP are produced by energetic ions with energies above ∼20 keV, without much electron precipitations. We argue that the energetic ions producing ECP originates from the ring current, which is assumed to be filled with hot ions during the recovery phase of magnetic storms.