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Split-plot designs are very popular in agricultural experiments where two factors require different sizes of plots. In traditional split-plot designs, main plot treatments are allocated using a randomized complete block design and subplot treatments are allocated within each main pot. However, often it may not be feasible to accommodate all the subplot treatments in each main plot. The purpose of this article is to propose a method of construction of such incomplete split-plot designs. Method of analysis of such incomplete split-plot designs is also presented. Construction and analysis methods are implemented using R language.

Enzymatic hydrolysis is the most crucial step in bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol as efficient conversion of polymers to fermentable sugars determines final ethanol concentration. Cellulase complex used for commercial biomass hydrolysis is mostly derived from Trichoderma sp. and contains β-glucosidase

The present study was conducted to observe changes in acoustic parameters and to find out threshold values of Murrah buffaloes acoustic features during four phases of estrous cycle. Voice samples were collected from thirty healthy buffaloes, maintained at Livestock Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India. The acoustic features viz. call duration (sec.), intensity (dB), formants (Hz), pitch (Hz), number of periods, number of pulses, mean noise/harmonic ratio (%) were extracted with the help of PRAAT 5.1.36 software package. Mean values of call duration, intensity (mean, minimum, maximum), pitch (mean, maximum), formants (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5), mean noise to harmonic ratio were found significantly (p