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In the context of infections in the body, those that occur in the gynaecological tract are less common and perhaps less clinically significant compared with other body sites. However, a few infections are important in view of their association with pathological sequelae such as tumour formation or pelvic inflammatory disease complex. This review will discuss some of the most relevant infections, first under histology, which will be further subdivided into locations in the genital tract and then under cytology, which focuses mainly on the infections seen in cervical cytology samples. There will be only brief mention of the less common infections or those that do not produce diagnostic challenges or lead to significant complications.

We report a case of fibrolamellar carcinoma presenting in a 26-year old female. The patient had gross ascites at presentation. Imaging studies (ultrasonography and computed tomography) strongly suggested extensive intraperitoneal drop metastases.

Due to the absence of lattice-matching requirements, strained-layer superlattices offer a large tunability in bandgap and other material properties suitable for device applications. Encouraging progress has been made in the molecular-beam epitaxial and metalorganic-vapor-phase-epitaxial growth of strained-layer superlattices and in their characterization. These have been briefly reviewed here. Since a strained-layer superlattice allows the use of InzGa,_,vAs layers with x-values up to - 1.0, a large variation of the refractive index from that in GaAs occurs due to mismatch strain and alloying. This variation in refractive index has been calculated. The increase in refractive index can be used to form optical guides in the SLS and such guides with good vertical confinement is demonstrated. Preliminary measurements of the impact-ionization parameters and deep-level traps in these materials are also reported. a/@ values close to and slightly greater than unity are measured. A single electron trap with thermal activation energy equal to 0.16 eV is identified.