1. Standard of hygiene and immune adaptation in newborn infants
- Author
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Erika von Mutius, Tatyana Karapetyan, Svettana Markova, Outi Vaarala, Taina Härkönen, Anne Ormisson, Raivo Uibo, Diabimmune Study Grp, Natalya Dorshakova, Tiit Salum, Robert Moulder, Vladimir Petrov, Harri Landesmaki, Valentina Ulich, Suvi M. Virtanen, Svetlana Pylova, Essi Laajala, Sami Oikarinen, Helis Janson, Elena Kuzmicheva, Tuuli E. Korhonen, Anita Kondrashova, Aleksandr Peet, Hermie J. M. Harmsen, Kirsi Alahuhta, Kristi Alnek, Marcus C. De Goffau, Minna Kiviniemi, Helena Ahlfors, Mikael Knip, Vallo Tillmann, Terhi Ruohtula, Tatyana Varlamova, Jorma Ilonen, Riitta Lahesmaa, Janne K. Nieminen, Hanna Honkanen, Henna Kallionpää, Elena Shakurova, Juliane Weber, Samppa J. Ryhänen, Sergei Mokurov, Katriina Koski, Marina Isakova, Heikki Hyöty, Viveka Öling, Matti Koski, Gjalt W. Welling, Anu-Maaria Hämäläinen, Heli Siljander, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and Physiology Research Group, SyMMys, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Clinicum, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Children's Hospital, Lastentautien yksikkö, HUS Children and Adolescents, Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), and Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI)
- Subjects
Male ,Umbilical cord ,Russia ,0302 clinical medicine ,HLA-DR3 Antigen ,Hygiene ,3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics ,Immunology and Allergy ,CD46 ,media_common ,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ,Immune adaptation ,Innate immunity ,0303 health sciences ,Cord blood ,MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS ,Hygiene hypothesis ,RUSSIAN KARELIA ,FINLAND ,Fetal Blood ,3. Good health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,In utero ,Female ,Signal Transduction ,Estonia ,EXPRESSION ,Genotype ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Immunology ,Biology ,ta3111 ,DENDRITIC CELLS ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,medicine ,HLA-DR4 Antigen ,Hypersensitivity ,Humans ,REGULATORY T-CELLS ,Newborn infant ,030304 developmental biology ,Type 1 diabetes ,Innate immune system ,RECEPTOR ,Infant, Newborn ,medicine.disease ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Socioeconomic Factors ,RNA ,3111 Biomedicine ,Gene expression ,Transcriptome ,030215 immunology ,RESPONSES - Abstract
The prevalence of immune-mediated diseases, such as allergies and type 1 diabetes, is on the rise in the developed world. In order to explore differences in the gene expression patterns induced in utero in infants born in contrasting standards of living and hygiene, we collected umbilical cord blood RNA samples from infants born in Finland (modern society), Estonia (rapidly developing society) and the Republic of Karelia, Russia (poor economic conditions). The whole blood transcriptome of Finnish and Estonian neonates differed from their Karelian counterparts, suggesting exposure to toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and a more matured immune response in infants born in Karelia. These results further support the concept of a conspicuous plasticity in the developing immune system: the environmental factors that play a role in the susceptibility/protection towards immune-mediated diseases begin to shape the neonatal immunity already in utero and direct the maturation in accordance with the surrounding microbial milieu. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
- Published
- 2014
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