55 results on '"Yanjun Xu"'
Search Results
2. Mevalonate improves anti-PD-1/PD-L1 efficacy by stabilizing CD274 mRNA
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Wenxin Zhang, Xiaohui Pan, Yanjun Xu, Hongjie Guo, Mingming Zheng, Xi Chen, Honghai Wu, Fengming Luan, Qiaojun He, Ling Ding, and Bo Yang
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General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Published
- 2023
3. The Pd-catalyzed precise synthesis of self-assembled fluorescent nanoprobes with different molecular weights for enhancing the permeability of cell membrane and targeting lysosomes
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Chen Han, Shao-Bin Sun, Xun Ji, Yanjun Xu, and Jian-Yong Wang
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Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2023
4. Mortality burden based on the associations of ambient PM2.5 with cause-specific mortality in China: Evidence from a death-spectrum wide association study (DWAS)
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Tao Liu, Weiwei Gong, Chunliang Zhou, Guoxia Bai, Ruilin Meng, Biao Huang, Haoming Zhang, Yanjun Xu, Ruying Hu, Zhulin Hou, Yize Xiao, Junhua Li, Xiaojun Xu, Donghui Jin, Mingfang Qin, Qinglong Zhao, Yiqing Xu, Jianxiong Hu, Jianpeng Xiao, Guanghao He, Zuhua Rong, Fangfang Zeng, Pan Yang, Dan Liu, Lixia Yuan, Ganxiang Cao, Zhiqing Chen, Siwen Yu, Shangfeng Yang, Cunrui Huang, Yaodong Du, Min Yu, Lifeng Lin, Xiaofeng Liang, and Wenjun Ma
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,Pollution - Published
- 2023
5. Construction of anti-swelling circuit board-like activated graphene oxide lamellar nanofilms with functionalized heterostructured 2D nanosheets
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Zehai Xu, Yufan Zhang, Yanjun Xu, Qin Meng, Chong Shen, Lusheng Xu, and Guoliang Zhang
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Filtration and Separation ,Analytical Chemistry - Published
- 2023
6. Key metabolites and mechanistic insights in forchlorfenuron controlling kiwifruit development
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Yingying Bi, Chengkui Qiao, Lijun Han, Hanzhong Xie, Yanjun Xu, Di Wu, Ming Zhuang, Xinru Lv, and Mengyuan Cao
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Food Science - Published
- 2023
7. A Case of Resistance to Selective RET-TKI Therapy With Pleural-Genotyped MET Amplification and Response to Crizotinib
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Zhiyu Huang, Jiamin Sheng, Yun Fan, Guoqiang Pan, Fanrong Zhang, Junyi Ye, Kaiyan Chen, Yanjun Xu, and Xiaoqing Yu
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Crizotinib ,business.industry ,Met amplification ,medicine.disease ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,business ,Lung cancer ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2021
8. Identifying Personalized Driver IncRNAs in Pan-Cancer and Its Application to Precision Medicine
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Xuan Zheng, Feng Li, Hongying Zhao, Yongjuan Tang, Ke Xue, Xiaomeng Zhang, Weixin Liang, Xingyu Lv, Chunlong Zhang, Yanjun Xu, and Yunpeng Zhang
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
9. Durable clinical response to immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma transformation and high expression of PD-L1 after resistance development: A case report
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Zhongsheng Peng and Yanjun Xu
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Oncology - Published
- 2022
10. Post-decorated synthesis of metal-organic frameworks derived Ni/Ni3S2@CN electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution
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Jingfang Tian, Yanjun Xu, Jiao Li, Jiaqi Chi, Lei Feng, Qingqing Pan, Xiao Li, and Zhongmin Su
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Inorganic Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
11. Applying the concept of 'number needed to treat' to the formulation of daily ambient air quality standards
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Zhengmin Min Qian, Hualiang Lin, Haidong Kan, Bipin Kumar Acharya, Chengsheng Jiang, Jun Wu, Wenjun Ma, Kevin M Syberg, Yanjun Xu, Yin Yang, Juliet Iwelunmor, and Zengliang Ruan
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China ,Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Air pollution ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,World Health Organization ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,World health ,Air Pollution ,Statistics ,Covariate ,medicine ,Humans ,Environmental Chemistry ,Quality (business) ,Cities ,Mortality ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,Generalized additive model ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Particulates ,Pollution ,020801 environmental engineering ,Ambient air ,Number needed to treat ,Environmental science ,Particulate Matter - Abstract
The World Health Organization sets up the Ambient Air Quality Guidelines mainly based on short-term and long-term health effects of air pollution. Previous studies, however, have generally revealed a non-threshold concentration-response relationship between air pollution and health, making it difficult to determine a concentration, below which no obvious health effects can be observed. Here we proposed a novel approach based on the concept of “number needed to treat”, specifically, we calculated the reduction in air pollution concentrations needed to avoid one death corresponding to different hypothetical concentration standards; the one with the smallest value would be the most practical concentration standard. As an example, we applied this approach to the daily standard of ambient PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) in four Chinese cities. The calculation was based on the association between daily mortality and ambient PM2.5, which was examined by a generalized additive model with adjustment of important covariates. Significant associations were observed between PM2.5 and mortality. Our analyses suggested that it is appropriate to have 50 μg/m3 as the daily standard of ambient PM2.5 for the study area, compared to the current standard of which were directly adopted from the national standard of 75 μg/m3. This novel approach should be considered when planning and/or revising the ambient air quality guidelines/standards.
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- 2019
12. Facile interfacial modification via in-situ ultraviolet solidified gel polymer electrolyte for high-performance solid-state lithium ion batteries
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J.P. Tu, X.L. Wang, Ruochen Xu, Zhehe Yao, X.H. Xia, Dong Xie, J.B. Wu, Yanjun Xu, S.Z. Zhang, and Yang Xia
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Fabrication ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Membrane ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Electrode ,Solid-state battery ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Cellulose ,0210 nano-technology ,Polarization (electrochemistry) - Abstract
The poor interfacial contact between electrode materials and electrolyte has become a major obstacle to the development and application of solid-state batteries. In this work, we report a facile method to realize interfacial modification with the help of in-situ ultraviolet solidified gel polymer electrolyte, which is completely compatible with commercial LiFePO4 and cellulose membrane forming stable composite cathode and cellulose membrane-gel polymer electrolyte. Two intimate interfaces between LiFePO4 and gel polymer electrolyte as well as composite cathode and cellulose membrane-based composite electrolyte are achieved to facilitate fast transfer of lithium ions at the interface. The assembled solid-state cell exhibits lower interfacial resistance, reduced polarization, higher rate capability, and more stable cycling performance than other routine counterparts. This work provides a new way for fabrication of novel advanced solid-state electrolytes and electrodes for applications in solid-state batteries.
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- 2019
13. Contribution of heavy metals in PM2.5 to cardiovascular disease mortality risk, a case study in Guangzhou, China
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Ling-Chuan Guo, Zhanlu Lv, Wenjun Ma, Jianpeng Xiao, Hualiang Lin, Guanhao He, Xing Li, Weilin Zeng, Jianxiong Hu, Yan Zhou, Min Li, Shengbing Yu, Yanjun Xu, Jinliang Zhang, Han Zhang, and Tao Liu
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Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Pollution - Published
- 2022
14. Applicability of the lung-molGPA index in non-small cell lung cancer patients with different gene alterations and brain metastases
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Xiaoqing Yu, Yun Fan, Fanrong Zhang, Peng Zhang, Yanjun Xu, Zhiyu Huang, and Kaiyan Chen
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Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,medicine ,Humans ,Lung cancer ,Gene ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Lung ,Brain Neoplasms ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Genetic Variation ,Cancer ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Precision medicine ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Non small cell ,business - Abstract
The Lung-molGPA index is based on the original diagnosis-specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA) and incorporates recently reported gene alteration data, predicting the outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BM). However, the prognostic values of both DS-GPA and Lung-molGPA remain undetermined, especially for patients with different molecular types.A total of 1184 NSCLC patients with BM were analyzed for clinical factors and outcomes at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, China. All prognostic factors were weighted for significance by hazard ratios. The applicability of DS-GPA and Lung-molGPA were reappraised in NSCLC patients with BM and various genetic profiles. Additionally, a modified Lung-molGPA was newly developed for NSCLC patients with gene variations.NSCLC patients in the present study had a median survival time of 14.0 months from BM diagnosis. Both the DS-GPA and Lung-molGPA models could effectively predict the outcomes of NSCLC patients with BM (P 0.001), and the Lung-molGPA model appeared to deliver more accurate predictions. Furthermore, Lung-molGPA scores demonstrated discriminatory capability in patients with gene variations (P 0.001), and no significant difference was reached in wild-type patients (P = 0.133). Regarding oncogene-positive NSCLC patients with BM, a modified Lung-molGPA index was established based on the prognostic factors with a C-index of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.68-0.80) to accurately calculate survival probability (P 0.001).In the era of precision medicine, Lung-molGPA accurately predicted the prognosis of NSCLC patients with mutant genotypes and BM, although it did not perform well in wild-type patients. Thus, it is worthwhile to explore the prognostic model for patients with positive driving genes.
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- 2018
15. 1′-OH of ABA and its analogs is a crucial functional group correspondence to seed germination and development of plants
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Jia-Qi Li, Yumei Xiao, Dongyan Yang, Ruiyuan Liu, Huizhe Lu, Zhaohai Qin, Xueqin Zhang, Chuan Wan, Yanjun Xu, and Chuanliang Che
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Abiotic stress ,Dimer ,fungi ,Organic Chemistry ,food and beverages ,Methylation ,Analytical Chemistry ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Germination ,Functional group ,Signal transduction ,Receptor ,Abscisic acid ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an essential phytohormone involved in many physiological processes, including plant growth inhibition and abiotic stress responses. Its signal transduction pathway is mediated by a genetically redundant family of ABA receptors (PYLs). In this work, 1′-O methyl ethers of ABA and its analogs were designed for chemically probing PYLs. The results suggested that 1′-OH is a crucial functional group correspondence to seed germination and development of plants, but has little relation on the stomatal movement and the response to drought stress regulated by ABA and its analogs. The methylation of 1′-OH significantly reduced their binding ability to monomer receptor PYL5 and slightly enhanced their binding to dimer receptor PYL2. The decrease of inhibition activities of 2a-2c was most probably assigned to the decrease of binding affinity with PYL5, which was due to the destruction of hydrogen bond network. This indicated that PYL5 was a selective receptor closely responded to plant growth process.
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- 2022
16. Self-Reported Depression of Cancer Patients Under 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pandemic
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Gang Tao, Xiying Shao, Xiaowei Zheng, Guonong Yang, Yanjun Xu, Li-Ke Zhong, Ping Huang, and Fugen He
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medicine.medical_specialty ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,fungi ,Emotional disorder ,food and beverages ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Psychiatry ,business ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Abstract
Background: Depression is a common emotional disorder, which can be life-threatening and seriously affects the quality of life especially in cancer patients No
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- 2020
17. Long-term exposure to ambient temperature and mortality risk in China: A nationwide study using the difference-in-differences design
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Xiaojun Xu, Chunliang Zhou, Zhulin Hou, Jianxiong Hu, Junhua Li, Donghui Jin, Xing Li, Qinglong Zhao, Cunrui Huang, Yanjun Xu, Min Yu, Biao Huang, Wenjun Ma, Mingfang Qin, Tao Liu, Lifeng Lin, Ruying Hu, Yiqing Xu, Guanhao He, Weilin Zeng, Peng Yin, Weiwei Gong, Maigeng Zhou, Jianpeng Xiao, Yize Xiao, and Shilu Tong
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China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Low education ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Population ,Younger people ,Toxicology ,Air Pollution ,Epidemiology ,Humans ,Medicine ,Mortality ,education ,Socioeconomic status ,Aged ,Air Pollutants ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Temperature ,Environmental Exposure ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Difference in differences ,Total mortality ,Seasons ,business ,Effect modification ,Demography - Abstract
The short-term effects of ambient temperature on mortality have been widely investigated. However, the epidemiological evidence on the long-term effects of temperature on mortality is rare. In present study, we conducted a nationwide quasi-experimental design, which based on a variant of difference-in-differences (DID) approach, to examine the association between long-term exposure to ambient temperature and mortality risk in China, and to analyze the effect modification of population characteristics and socioeconomic status. Data on mortality were collected from 364 communities across China during 2006–2017, and environmental data were obtained for the same period. We estimated a 2.93 % (95 % CI: 2.68 %, 3.18 %) increase in mortality risk per 1 °C decreases in annual temperature, the greater effects were observed on respiratory diseases (5.16 %, 95 % CI: 4.53 %, 5.79 %) than cardiovascular diseases (3.43 %, 95 % CI: 3.06 %, 3.80 %), and on younger people (4.21 %, 95 % CI: 3.73 %, 4.68 %) than the elderly (2.36 %, 95 % CI: 2.06 %, 2.65 %). In seasonal analysis, per 1 °C decreases in average temperature was associated with 1.55 % (95 % CI: 1.23 %, 1.87 %), −0.53 % (95 % CI: −0.89 %, −0.16 %), 2.88 % (95 % CI: 2.45 %, 3.31 %) and 4.21 % (95 % CI: 3.98 %, 4.43 %) mortality change in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. The effects of long-term temperature on total mortality were more pronounced among the communities with low urbanization, low education attainment, and low GDP per capita. In total, the decrease of average temperature in summer decreased mortality risk, while increased mortality risk in other seasons, and the associations were modified by demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status. Our findings suggest that populations with disadvantaged characteristics and socioeconomic status are vulnerable to long-term exposure of temperature, and targeted policies should be formulated to strengthen the response to the health threats of temperature exposure.
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- 2022
18. Age-specific disparity in life loss per death attributable to ambient temperature: A nationwide time-series study in China
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Min Yu, Wenjun Ma, Shannon Rutherford, Ruying Hu, Biao Huang, Xing Li, Weiwei Gong, Siqi Chen, Guanhao He, Mingfang Qin, Lifeng Lin, Donghui Jin, Maigeng Zhou, Yize Xiao, Jianpeng Xiao, Xiaojun Xu, Chunliang Zhou, Cunrui Huang, Yiqing Xu, Junhua Li, Jianxiong Hu, Zhulin Hou, Weilin Zeng, Weizhen Mai, Xianbo Wu, Peng Yin, Yonghui Zhang, Yanjun Xu, and Tao Liu
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Adult ,China ,Hot Temperature ,Adolescent ,Temperature a ,Biochemistry ,Young Adult ,Age groups ,Humans ,Mortality ,Time series study ,Child ,health care economics and organizations ,Aged ,General Environmental Science ,Cause of death ,Age Factors ,Infant, Newborn ,Temperature ,Infant ,Middle Aged ,Age specific ,Moderate temperature ,Cold Temperature ,Years of potential life lost ,Child, Preschool ,Population data ,Demography - Abstract
Age-specific discrepancy of mortality burden attributed to temperature, measured as years of life lost (YLL), has been rarely investigated. We investigated age-specific temperature-YLL rates (per 100,000) relationships and quantified YLL per death caused by non-optimal temperature in China. We collected daily meteorological data, population data and daily death counts from 364 locations in China during 2006–2017. YLL was divided into three age groups (0–64 years, 65–74 years, and ≥75 years). A distributed lag non-linear model was first employed to estimate the associations of temperature with age-specific YLL rates in each location. Then we pooled the associations using a multivariate meta-analysis. Finally, we calculated age-specific average YLL per death caused by temperature by cause of death and region. We observed greater effects of cold and hot temperature on YLL rates for the elderly compared with the young population by region or cause of death. However, YLL per death due to non-optimal temperature for different regions or causes of death decreased with age, with 2.0 (95 % CI:1.5, 2.5), 1.2 (1.1, 1.4) and 1.0 years (0.9, 1.2) life loss per death for populations aged 0–64 years, 65–74 years and over 75 years, respectively. Most life loss per death results from moderate temperature, especially moderate cold for all age groups. The effect of non-optimal temperature on YLL rates is smaller for younger populations than older ones, while the temperature-related life loss per death was more prominent for younger populations.
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- 2022
19. Estimating the acute effects of fine and coarse particle pollution on stroke mortality of in six Chinese subtropical cities
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Xiaojie Wang, Zhengmin Qian, Hua Hong, Yin Yang, Yanjun Xu, Xiaojun Xu, Zhenjiang Yao, Lingli Zhang, Craig A. Rolling, Mario Schootman, Tao Liu, Jianpeng Xiao, Xing Li, Weilin Zeng, Wenjun Ma, and Hualiang Lin
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Acute effects ,China ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,010501 environmental sciences ,Coarse particle ,Stroke mortality ,World Health Organization ,Toxicology ,01 natural sciences ,World health ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Medicine ,Cities ,Particle Size ,Stroke ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Air Pollutants ,Tropical Climate ,business.industry ,Environmental Exposure ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Pollution ,Epidemiological Monitoring ,Particulate Matter ,business ,Demography - Abstract
While increasing evidence suggested that PM2.5 is the most harmful fraction of the particle pollutants, the health effects of coarse particles (PM10–2.5) have been inconclusive, especially on cerebrovascular diseases, we thus evaluated the effects of PM10, PM2.5, and PM10–2.5 on stroke mortality in six Chinese subtropical cities using generalized additive models. We also conducted random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the overall effects across the six cities. We found that PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5 were significantly associated with stroke mortality. Each 10 μg/m3 increase of PM10, PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 (lag03) was associated with an increase of 1.88% (95% CI: 1.37%, 2.39%), 3.07% (95% CI: 2.35%, 3.79%), and 5.72% (95% CI: 3.82%, 7.65%) in overall stroke mortality. Using the World Health Organization's guideline as reference concentration, we estimated that 3.21% (95% CI: 1.65%, 3.01%) of stroke mortality (corresponding to 1743 stroke mortalities, 95% CI: 896, 1633) were attributed to PM10, 5.57% (95% CI: 0.50%, 1.23%) stroke mortality (3019, 95% CI: 2286, 3777) were attributed to PM2.5, and 2.02% (95% CI: 1.85%, 3.08%) of stroke mortality (1097, 95% CI: 1005, 1673) could be attributed to PM10-2.5. Our analysis indicates that both PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 are important risk factors of stroke mortality and should be considered in the prevention and control of stroke in the study area.
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- 2018
20. Exposure to biomass fuel is associated with high blood pressure and fasting blood glucose impairment in females in southern rural China
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Lifeng Lin, Ruilin Meng, Xue-yan Zheng, Si-li Tang, Chuan Li, Wei‐jie Guan, Yanjun Xu, and Shu-li Ma
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Blood Glucose ,China ,Waist ,Biomass ,Blood Pressure ,010501 environmental sciences ,Logistic regression ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Bayesian multivariate linear regression ,Environmental health ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Metabolic Syndrome ,Triglyceride ,business.industry ,Fasting ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Blood pressure ,chemistry ,Hypertension ,Female ,Metabolic syndrome ,business - Abstract
We sought to investigate the association between household exposure to biomass fuel and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components including blood pressure, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and waist circumference among females in southern rural China.We surveyed 1664 residents in the Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance, conducted in 14 districts of Guangdong province. We recorded the use of biomass fuel, MetS and its components, and other covariates by using a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression model and multivariate linear regression model were adopted for analysis.Exposure to biomass fuel was significantly associated with an increase of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β: 2.15, 95% confidence interval: 0.13 to 4.17) and FBG (β: 0.19, 95% confidence interval: 0.01 to 0.37) in the adjusted and unadjusted models (all P 0.05). Among participants with exposure to biomass fuel, being overweight or obese was associated with an increased risk of having hypertension (odds ratio: 3.19, 95% confidence interval: 2.13 to 4.76) and higher FBG levels (odds ratio: 2.10, 95% confidence interval: 1.46 to 3.02). Exposure to biomass fuel was significantly associated with a decrease of the prevalence of central obesity (P 0.05). However, exposure to biomass fuel was not associated with MetS, diastolic blood pressure and TG (all P 0.05).Exposure to biomass fuel is associated with an increase in blood pressure and FBG levels, but not MetS per se. Efforts should be made to protect females in southern rural China from the adverse effects associated with biomass fuel pollution.
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- 2021
21. The assessment of current mortality burden and future mortality risk attributable to compound hot extremes in China
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Wenjun Ma, Junhua Li, Zhulin Hou, Weiwei Gong, Yiqing Xu, Min Yu, Qinglong Zhao, Ruying Hu, Yize Xiao, Siqi Chen, Guanhao He, Weilin Zeng, Jianxiong Hu, Xingfen Yang, Yang Chen, Maigeng Zhou, Jianpeng Xiao, Peng Yin, Xing Li, Biao Huang, Lingchuan Guo, Donghui Jin, Xiaojun Xu, Mingfang Qin, Cunrui Huang, Chunliang Zhou, Lifeng Lin, Yanjun Xu, Tao Liu, and Zhoupeng Ren
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Current time ,Environmental Engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,business.industry ,North china ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Mortality data ,Attributable risk ,Environmental Chemistry ,Medicine ,business ,China ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Public health policy ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Demography - Abstract
Background Global warming may increase the frequency of compound hot extremes (CHEs). This study aimed to assess the current mortality burden and future mortality risk attributable to CHEs in China. Methods Daily meteorological, air pollution and mortality data were collected in 364 locations from 2006 to 2017 across China. Hot day/night was identified as a day where daily Tmax/Tmin was higher than its 90th percentile in summer. CHE was defined as a hot night with a following hot day. Mortality risk attributed to CHEs in each location was first evaluated using a distributed lag non-linear model. Location-specific association was pooled using a multivariate meta-analysis model, and attributable fraction in the current time and mortality risk from CHEs under different climate change scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 8.5) in the future were assessed. Results CHEs (RR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.19–1.28) were associated with greater mortality risk, and 0.96% mortality was attributable to CHEs. We found that female, the elderly, and people living in north China were more vulnerable to CHEs. In addition, more intensive (RR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.06–1.08) and consecutive CHEs (RR: 1.09, 95%CI: 1.02–1.17) could increase mortality risk. We further observed a seven to nineteen fold deaths attributable to CHEs in 2090s under middle and high climate change scenarios. Conclusion Our study found that CHEs significantly increased mortality risk and would cause considerable mortality burden in future. These findings suggest that it is necessary to develop clinical and public health policy to alleviate the mortality burden associated with CHEs.
- Published
- 2021
22. Hourly peak concentration measuring the PM 2.5 -mortality association: Results from six cities in the Pearl River Delta study
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Jessica Clark, Weilin Zeng, Yonghui Zhang, Jianpeng Xiao, Zhengmin Qian, Guang-Hui Dong, Xing Li, Zhenjiang Yao, Rebecca Dick, Xiaojie Wang, Hualiang Lin, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Tao Liu, Wenjun Ma, and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Pearl river delta ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Meteorology ,Air pollution ,010501 environmental sciences ,medicine.disease_cause ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,Confidence interval ,Peak concentration ,Total mortality ,Premature death ,Animal science ,medicine ,Environmental science ,Risk factor ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Cardiovascular mortality - Abstract
Compared with daily mean concentration of air pollution, hourly peak concentration may be more directly relevant to the acute health effects due to the high concentration levels, however, few have analyzed the acute mortality effects of hourly peak levels of air pollution. We examined the associations of hourly peak concentration of fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) with mortality in six cities in Pearl River Delta, China. We used generalized additive Poisson models to examine the associations with adjustment for potential confounders in each city. We further applied random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the regional overall effects. We further estimated the mortality burden attributable to hourly peak and daily mean PM2.5. We observed significant associations between hourly peak PM2.5 and mortality. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in 4-day averaged (lag03) hourly peak PM2.5 corresponded to a 0.9% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7%, 1.1%] increase in total mortality, 1.2% (95% CI: 1.0%, 1.5%) in cardiovascular mortality, and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.2%, 1.1%) in respiratory mortality. We observed a greater mortality burden using hourly peak PM2.5 than daily mean PM2.5, with an estimated 12915 (95% CI: 9922, 15949) premature deaths attributable to hourly peak PM2.5, and 7951 (95% CI: 5067, 10890) to daily mean PM2.5 in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region during the study period. This study suggests that hourly peak PM2.5 might be one important risk factor of mortality in PRD region of China; the finding provides important information for future air pollution management and epidemiological studies.
- Published
- 2017
23. Apatinib in Patients with Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer After Second or Third-Line Chemotherapy: A Phase II, Single-Arm, Multi-Center, Prospective Study
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Zhiyu Huang, Xiaoling Xu, Xun Shi, Yanjun Xu, Fajun Xie, Yu-ping Li, Lei Gong, Ying Jin, Jun Zhao, Ming Chen, Xin-ming Yu, Yun Fan, Jun Chen, Peng Zhang, Hongyang Lu, Jing Qin, Weizhen Xu, Na Han, Wen-feng Li, and Kaiyan Chen
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medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Population ,Institutional review board ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Regimen ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Clinical endpoint ,Apatinib ,Prospective cohort study ,education ,business ,Lung cancer - Abstract
Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains an aggressive cancer with dismal long-term survival due to the limited therapeutic options available after failure of chemotherapy. Apatinib is a novel oral, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with extensive-stage (EC) SCLC who had progressed after two or three previous therapies. Methods: This phase II, single-arm, prospective study was conducted at three medical centers in China. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older and had histologically-confirmed ES-SCLC after two or three previous treatments, including a platinum-based regimen. Patients were assigned to receive oral apatinib at an initial dose of 500 mg once daily. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) in both the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol populations. The safety analysis included all patients who received at least one dose of study medication. Findings: Forty patients were enrolled, all of whom received at least one dose of apatinib. At the data cut off time (Nov 15, 2018), the median follow-up was 7.4 months (IQR 1·0-22·2); no patients remained on treatment, and 5 were still in follow-up. An objective response was achieved in 7 of 40 patients (17.5%) in the ITT population, and 7 of 38 patients (18.4%) in the per-protocol population. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3·0 months (95% CI 2·2-3·7) and 5·8 months (95% CI 3·7-7·9), respectively. The median response duration was 2·6 months (95% CI 1·8-3·3). During treatment, apatinib was generally well tolerated, the most commonly observed grade 3 or greater treatment-related adverse events were hypertension (25%; 10/40), hand-foot syndrome (10%; 4/40), increased L gamma-glutamyltransferase (10%; 4/40), increased aspartate transaminase (7·5%; 3/40), and thrombocytopenia (7·5%, 3/40). Interpretation: Apatinib exhibited promising efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in previously heavily-treated patients with ES-SCLC. Further exploration of apatinib in phase III trials is warranted. Clinical Trial Registatration: NCT02945852. Funding Statement: Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Company, China. Declaration of Interests: All authors declare no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement: The study protocol was approved by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee at each medical center, and it was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines, as defined by the International Conference on Harmonisation. All enrolled patients provided written informed consent before any study-specific procedures were performed.
- Published
- 2019
24. Ambient Temperature and Years of Life Lost: A National Study in China
- Author
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Ruying Hu, Haoming Zhang, Biao Huang, Lingchuan Guo, Siqi Chen, Jianxiong Hu, Maigeng Zhou, Mingfang Qin, Yize Xiao, Zuhua Rong, Jianpeng Xiao, Yaodong Du, Zhulin Hou, Shannon Rutherford, Yiqing Xu, Yanjun Xu, Donghui Jin, Lifeng Lin, Xing Li, Yuming Guo, Wenjun Ma, Yonghui Zhang, Weilin Zeng, Tao Liu, Junhua Li, Weiwei Gong, Cunrui Huang, Xiaojun Xu, Chunliang Zhou, Qinglong Zhao, Min Yu, Lijun Wang, and Peng Yin
- Subjects
China ,mortality burden ,Younger age ,Population ,Central china ,multivariate meta-analysis ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Report ,030212 general & internal medicine ,years of life lost ,lcsh:Science (General) ,education ,health care economics and organizations ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,education.field_of_study ,Multidisciplinary ,distributed lag nonlinear model ,temperature ,Confidence interval ,Years of potential life lost ,Southern china ,National study ,lcsh:Q1-390 ,Demography - Abstract
Summary Although numerous studies have investigated premature deaths attributable to temperature, effects of temperature on years of life lost (YLL) remain unclear. We estimated the relationship between temperatures and YLL, and quantified the YLL per death caused by temperature in China. We collected daily meteorological and mortality data, and calculated the daily YLL values for 364 locations (2013–2017 in Yunnan, Guangdong, Hunan, Zhejiang, and Jilin provinces, and 2006–2011 in other locations) in China. A time-series design with a distributed lag nonlinear model was first employed to estimate the location-specific associations between temperature and YLL rates (YLL/100,000 population), and a multivariate meta-analysis model was used to pool location-specific associations. Then, YLL per death caused by temperatures was calculated. The temperature and YLL rates consistently showed U-shaped associations. A mean of 1.02 (95% confidence interval: 0.67, 1.37) YLL per death was attributable to temperature. Cold temperature caused 0.98 YLL per death with most from moderate cold (0.84). The mean YLL per death was higher in those with cardiovascular diseases (1.14), males (1.15), younger age categories (1.31 in people aged 65–74 years), and in central China (1.34) than in those with respiratory diseases (0.47), females (0.87), older people (0.85 in people ≥75 years old), and northern China (0.64) or southern China (1.19). The mortality burden was modified by annual temperature and temperature variability, relative humidity, latitude, longitude, altitude, education attainment, and central heating use. Temperatures caused substantial YLL per death in China, which was modified by demographic and regional characteristics., Graphical Abstract, Public Summary • Years of life lost (YLL) is used to estimate the effects of temperature • Both low and high temperatures can increase the YLLs • Average 1.02 YLL per death is attributed to temperature exposure • Temperature causes larger YLLs per death in males, younger people, and central China
- Published
- 2021
25. Quantifying short-term and long-term health benefits of attaining ambient fine particulate pollution standards in Guangzhou, China
- Author
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Xing Li, Weilin Zeng, Zhengmin Min Qian, Hualiang Lin, Tao Liu, Michael G. Vaughn, Yonghui Zhang, Erik J. Nelson, Yanjun Xu, Jianpeng Xiao, Lingchuan Guo, and Wenjun Ma
- Subjects
Pollution ,Atmospheric Science ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Air pollution ,Environmental engineering ,010501 environmental sciences ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,National Ambient Air Quality Standards ,Confidence interval ,Relative risk ,Environmental health ,medicine ,business ,China ,Air quality index ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,Cohort study - Abstract
In 2012, Chinese Environmental Bureau modified its National Ambient Air Quality Standards to include fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Recent air pollution monitoring data shows that numerous locations have exceeded this standard, which may have resulted in avoidable adverse health effects. For example, among the 74 Chinese cities with PM2.5 monitoring data in 2013, only three cities attained the annual air quality standard (35 μg/m3). This study aimed to quantify the potential short- and long-term health benefits from achieving the Chinese ambient air quality standard and WHO’s air quality objectives. A generalized additive model was used to estimate the short-term association of mortality with changes in daily PM2.5 concentrations, based on which we estimated the potential premature mortality reduction that would have been achieved during the period of 2012–2015 if the daily air quality standard had been met in Guangzhou, China; we also estimated the avoidable deaths if attaining the annual air quality standard using the relative risk obtained from a previous cohort study. During the study period, there were 160 days exceeding the national daily PM2.5 standard (75 μg/m3) in Guangzhou, and the annual average concentration (47.7 μg/m3) was higher than the air quality standard of 35 μg/m3. Significant associations between PM2.5 and mortality were observed. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 was associated with increases in daily death counts of 0.95% (95% CI: 0.56%, 1.34%) in natural mortality, 1.31% (95% CI: 0.75%, 1.87%) in cardiovascular mortality, and 1.06% (95% CI: 0.19%, 1.94%) in respiratory mortality. The health benefits of attaining the national daily air quality standard of PM2.5 (75 μg/m3) would have prevented 143 [95% confidence interval (CI): 84, 203] fewer natural deaths, including 84 (95% CI: 48, 121) fewer cardiovascular deaths and 27 (95% CI: 5, 49) fewer respiratory deaths. Had the annual PM2.5 levels been reduced to 35 μg/m3, an estimated 3875 (95% CI: 1852, 6074) natural deaths, 2378 (95% CI: 800, 4230) cardiovascular deaths, and 227 (95% CI: -437, 1033) respiratory deaths could have been prevented. Even greater substantial mortality reductions could be achieved if the WHO’s air quality objectives were met. Our study suggests that air pollution is significantly associated with mortality in Guangzhou, and more stringent air quality standards would significantly reduce air pollution-related premature mortality.
- Published
- 2016
26. Exosomes derived from endothelial progenitor cells attenuate vascular repair and accelerate reendothelialization by enhancing endothelial function
- Author
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Yang Wang, Yanjun Xu, Xin Niu, Chunyuan Chen, Li-Ming Wei, Xiaocong Li, Qing Li, and Jun-Gong Zhao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Immunology ,Cell ,Exosomes ,Endothelial progenitor cell ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,Paracrine signalling ,Cell Movement ,Animals ,Humans ,Regeneration ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Progenitor cell ,Genetics (clinical) ,Cell Proliferation ,Endothelial Progenitor Cells ,Wound Healing ,Transplantation ,business.industry ,Regeneration (biology) ,Cell Biology ,Fetal Blood ,Microvesicles ,Rats ,Cell biology ,Carotid Arteries ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Cell culture ,cardiovascular system ,Endothelium, Vascular ,Carotid Artery Injuries ,Wound healing ,business - Abstract
Background aims Exosomes, a key component of cell paracrine secretion, can exert protective effects in various disease models. However, application of exosomes in vascular repair and regeneration has rarely been reported. In this study, we tested whether endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes possessed therapeutic effects in rat models of balloon-induced vascular injury by accelerating reendothelialization. Methods Exosomes were obtained from the conditioned media of EPCs isolated from human umbilical cord blood. Induction of the endothelial injury was performed in the rats' carotid artery, and the pro-re-endothelialization capacity of EPC-derived exosomes was measured. The in vitro effects of exosomes on the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells were investigated. Results We found that the EPC-derived exosomes accelerated the re-endothelialization in the early phase after endothelial damage in the rat carotid artery. We also demonstrated that these exosomes enhanced the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells in vitro . Moreover, endothelial cells stimulated with these exosomes showed increased expression of angiogenesis-related molecules. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that exosomes are an active component of the paracrine secretion of human EPCs and can promote vascular repair in rat models of balloon injury by up-regulating endothelial cells function.
- Published
- 2016
27. Tilting high-intensity focused ultrasound phased array to augment the focal steering range for treatment of uterine fibroids
- Author
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Yanjun Xu, Yazhu Chen, Jingfeng Bai, Xiang Ji, Yini Chen, and Ke Li
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Focus (geometry) ,Hydrophone ,Uterine fibroids ,Phased array ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,01 natural sciences ,High-intensity focused ultrasound ,Tilt (optics) ,Cardinal point ,0103 physical sciences ,medicine ,Range (statistics) ,010301 acoustics ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Phased arrays are increasingly employed in clinical high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) systems for treatment of uterine fibroids. However, the electronic steering range of current phased arrays is insufficient to cover a symptomatic uterine fibroid. This study proposes a method to augment the focal steering range for HIFU treatment of uterine fibroids. Geometric focus can be shifted by tilting HIFU phased array around two orthogonal axes with a rotating platform, and both rotating angles can be adjusted up to 15° with tilt radius of 277 mm according to the shift of geometric focus. A three-layer (skin, fat and muscle) tissue model was used as the beam propagation path. The acoustic fields with and without tilting HIFU phased array were characterized by numerical simulation and hydrophone measurement. Focal accuracy was evaluated in phantoms and targeting areas were ablated in in vivo pigs’ thighs. In combination with the electronic focal steering, the steering range in the focal plane has been augmented to ±53 mm from ±6 mm. In the phantoms, the mean focal error has been increased from 0.2 mm to 0.9 mm with the geometric focus shift ranged from 10 mm to 40 mm. In vivo experimental results have proved that it is safe and effective to ablate the 25 mm × 25 mm square area. Tilting the HIFU phased array is feasible to safely augment the focal steering range, which can potentially improve the efficacy of HIFU treatment.
- Published
- 2020
28. How longer can people live by achieving the daily ambient fine particulate pollution standards in the Pearl River Delta region, China?
- Author
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Jian Hang, Daire R Jansson, Shiyu Zhang, Hualiang Lin, Xiaojun Xu, Bipin Kumar Acharya, Yanjun Xu, Huan Li, Yin Yang, Steven W. Howard, Zhengmin Min Qian, Zengliang Ruan, and Xiangyan Sun
- Subjects
Pollution ,China ,Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Air pollution ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Life Expectancy ,Asian People ,Rivers ,Air Pollution ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Humans ,Environmental Chemistry ,Cities ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,Air Pollutants ,Generalized additive model ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Dust ,Environmental Exposure ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Confidence interval ,020801 environmental engineering ,Death ,Years of potential life lost ,Attributable risk ,Life expectancy ,Environmental science ,Particulate Matter ,Algorithms - Abstract
Background Previous research has reported the effects of long-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution on years of life lost (YLL), but these effects may not represent the full impact. This study aims to estimate potential benefits in life time from adhering to daily ambient PM2.5 concentration standards/guidelines. Methods This study evaluated the relationship between daily ambient PM2.5 level and YLL using a two-stage approach with generalized additive models and meta-analysis. Potential life expectancy gains were then estimated by presuming that daily PM2.5 levels were in compliance with the Chinese and WHO standards. In addition, the attributable fraction of YLL due to excess PM2.5 exposure was also calculated. Results During 2013–2016, 459,468 non-accidental deaths were recorded in the six cities of Pearl River Delta, China. Each 10 μg/m3 increment in four-day average (lag03) level of PM2.5 was related to an increment of 13.31 [95% confidence interval (CI): 5.74, 20.87] years of life lost. Implementation of the WHO guidelines might avoid 180,980.83 YLLs (95% CI: 78,116.07, 283,845.60), which corresponded to 0.39 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.62) years of increased life time per death. Additionally, an estimated 0.15% (95% CI: 0.06%, 0.23%) or 2.04% (95% CI: 0.88%, 3.20%) of YLLs could be attributed to PM2.5 exposures higher than the Chinese or WHO guidelines, respectively. Conclusions This study suggests that people might live longer by controlling daily PM2.5 concentration and highlights the need to adopt stricter standards in China.
- Published
- 2020
29. Hollow magnetic nanosystem-boosting synergistic effect between magnetic hyperthermia and sonodynamic therapy via modulating reactive oxygen species and heat shock proteins
- Author
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Xianfang Lin, Weiwei Ying, Bing Hu, Rui Hou, Yanjun Xu, Yang Zhang, Yuanyi Zheng, Di Sun, Zheying Meng, Wei Gao, and Xiaojun Cai
- Subjects
Hematoporphyrin ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Tumor hypoxia ,General Chemical Engineering ,Sonodynamic therapy ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Magnetic hyperthermia ,chemistry ,Heat shock protein ,Biophysics ,Environmental Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Hydrogen peroxide ,Iron oxide nanoparticles - Abstract
As a promising treatment modality with spatial and temporal control, alternating magnetic field (AMF) triggered magnetic hyperthermal therapy (MHT) shows broad and promising applications to overcome the drawbacks of traditional focal therapies in combating cancer. However, the MHT efficacy is still not satisfactory with the presence of heat shock proteins (HSPs). In addition, sustained tumor hypoxia haunts practical implications for the treatment of solid tumors. Herein, a novel magnetic nanosystem composed of hollow iron oxide nanoparticles (HIONs), Fe3O4, and sonosensitizers, hematoporphyrin (HP) was rationally designed and successfully synthesized. The hollow HIONs show a large inner cavity for loading sonosensitizer molecules and possess nanozyme activity for catalyzing decomposition of endogenous overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce molecular oxygen (O2) that can overcome tumor hypoxia, thus augmenting the sonodynamic therapy (SDT)-induced highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for efficient cancer cell apoptosis. Importantly, the generated ROS can also activates the cleavage of HSPs that further eliminate themotolerance and facilitates MHT efficacy. The synergistic catalysis-enhanced SDT efficiency and MHT effect realized most potent tumor suppression efficacy. This work develops a versatile nanoplatform for a multifunctional strategy and broadens the biological applications by rationally designing their structure.
- Published
- 2020
30. The role of career adaptability and resilience in mental health problems in Chinese adolescents
- Author
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Haiyan Xu, Wenjing Chen, Chen Xu, Wanyan Fu, Xingying Gong, Min Li, and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
Mainland China ,Sociology and Political Science ,Social work ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Mental health ,humanities ,Adaptability ,Education ,Developmental psychology ,Intervention (counseling) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychological resilience ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Career counseling ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common ,Social policy - Abstract
The mechanism of how career adaptability could contribute to adolescent’s mental health problems remains unclear in mainland China. The present study aims to explore the relationship between career adaptability, resilience, and mental health problems in a sample of Chinese adolescents. A total of 372 Chinese high school students aged 14–19 years (M = 17.25; SD = 0.53), including 141 (37.9%) boys and 231 (62.1%) girls participated. The results found that career adaptability negatively predicted mental health problems and resilience mediated the relationship between career adaptability and mental health problems. In light of these results, several managerial suggestions related to career education and career counseling practices for adolescents, as well as implications for future researches are provided. These findings could provide cross-cultural for theoretical implications and contribute to evidence-based social policy and social work intervention to promote adolescent’s mental well-being.
- Published
- 2020
31. Reduced graphene oxide modified with naphthoquinone for effective immobilization of polysulfides in high-performance Li-S batteries
- Author
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Xiudong Chen, Yi Xu, Fan Wu, Weiwei Sun, Yong Wang, and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Graphene ,General Chemical Engineering ,Composite number ,Oxide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Sulfur ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Naphthoquinone ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Environmental Chemistry ,Molecule ,Lithium ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Graphene-based materials are explored to be promising candidates for lithium-sulfur batteries based on their unique two-dimensional geometry structure and excellent electric conductivity. However, the inferior ability to confine polysulfides results in quick capacity fading and poor cycling stability of graphene-related electrode materials. Herein, small organic naphthoquinone (NQ) molecules with redox active properties are introduced to the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an advanced sulfur host to significantly prolong cycle life for Li-S batteries. The effective combination between small NQ organic molecules and rGO successfully leads to the conductive composite network, where the keto groups from NQ play the key role in promoting the chemical absorption of polysulfides/sulfur by forming the S O interaction. Notably, the NQ-rGO composite shows superior lithium polysulfides absorptivity with a sulfur loading of 65.3%. The S/NQ-rGO displays outstanding electrochemical performances for lithium-sulfur batteries, in terms of large reversible capacities with excellent cycling stability (936 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.1C and 670 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 1C) and superior rate ability (525 mAh g−1 at 5C).
- Published
- 2020
32. Mortality reduction following the air pollution control measures during the 2010 Asian Games
- Author
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Shilu Tong, Zhenmin Qian, Tao Liu, Yuan Luo, Weilin Zeng, Xiaojun Xu, Yanjun Xu, Jianpeng Xiao, Yonghui Zhang, Wenjun Ma, and Hualiang Lin
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Calendar date ,Asian games ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Meteorology ,Names of the days of the week ,business.industry ,Public health ,Air pollution ,medicine.disease_cause ,Confidence interval ,symbols.namesake ,Relative risk ,symbols ,medicine ,Poisson regression ,business ,General Environmental Science ,Demography - Abstract
Though increased particulate air pollution has been consistently associated with elevated mortality, evidence regarding whether diminished particulate air pollution would lead to mortality reduction is limited. Citywide air pollution mitigation program during the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China, provided such an opportunity. Daily mortality from non-accidental, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases was compared for 51 intervention days (November 1–December 21) in 2010 with the same calendar date of baseline years (2006–2009 and 2011). Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated using a time series Poisson model, adjusting for day of week, public holidays, daily mean temperature and relative humidity. Daily PM10 (particle with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm) decreased from 88.64 μg/m3 during the baseline period to 80.61 μg/m3 during the Asian Games period. Other measured air pollutants and weather variables did not differ substantially. Daily mortality from non-accidental, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases decreased from 32, 11 and 6 during the baseline period to 25, 8 and 5 during the Games period, the corresponding RR for the Games period compared with the baseline period was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.73–0.86), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66–0.89) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57–0.80), respectively. No significant decreases were observed in other months of 2010 in Guangzhou and intervention period in two control cities. This finding supports the efforts to reduce air pollution and improve public health through transportation restriction and industrial emission control.
- Published
- 2014
33. MiR-215 modulates gastric cancer cell proliferation by targeting RB1
- Author
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Wei Zhuo, Cheng Zhang, Xuting Zhang, Liangjing Wang, Yibin Kang, Minhong Shen, Juan Jin, Tianhua Zhou, Yujie Deng, Jianmin Si, Yanjun Xu, Xiaoyi Yan, Xiaojia Wang, and Zhenxia Huang
- Subjects
Male ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease_cause ,Retinoblastoma Protein ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Internal medicine ,microRNA ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,3' Untranslated Regions ,Aged ,Cell Proliferation ,Binding Sites ,Base Sequence ,Retinoblastoma ,business.industry ,Cell growth ,Cell Cycle ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,ROC Curve ,Area Under Curve ,Cancer cell ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,RNA Interference ,Gastrectomy ,Transcriptome ,business ,Carcinogenesis - Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that miRNAs play critical roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Here, we report that miR-215 is significantly up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues from either gastrectomy or gastroscopy. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that miR-215 may be a candidate biomarker for gastric cancer diagnosis. Inhibition of miR-215 significantly suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation possibly via G1 arrest. Further analyses indicated that miR-215 was able to target retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene 1 (RB1) through its 3'-UTR in gastric cancer cells. These data suggest that frequently up-regulated miR-215 in gastric cancer may influence cell proliferation by targeting RB1.
- Published
- 2014
34. Smart construction of intimate interface between solid polymer electrolyte and 3D-array electrode for quasi-solid-state lithium ion batteries
- Author
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Dong Xie, Donghuang Wang, X.L. Wang, J.B. Wu, Songhong Zhang, C.D. Gu, Zhehe Yao, X.H. Xia, Yanjun Xu, and J.P. Tu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Graphene ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Succinonitrile ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Electrode ,Lithium ,0210 nano-technology ,Quasi-solid - Abstract
Interfacial issues have been the main obstacle to the development of solid-state batteries. In this work, we design a solid hybrid polymer electrolyte based on poly-(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and succinonitrile (PSSE) with a liquid state precursor. An intimate interface between PSSE and Li4Ti5O12@vertical graphene (LTO@VG) electrode with three-dimensional array structure is cleverly constructed by infiltrating fluid precursor of PSSE into vertical pores of LTO@VG followed by polymerization and solidification of PSSE. The quasi-solid-state LTO@VG//PSSE//Li and LiFePO4//PSSE//LTO@VG full cells exhibit superior electrochemical performance since the active materials are closely contacted by the conductive skeleton and ion-conductive electrolyte. The LTO@VG//PSSE//Li cells maintain 85.7% capacity retention after 400 cycles at 2 C and the LFP//PSSE//LTO@VG full cells still reach 99.0% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.5 C. This novel strategy for interface engineering paves the way for achieving high-performance solid-state batteries.
- Published
- 2019
35. Temperature–mortality relationship in four subtropical Chinese cities: A time-series study using a distributed lag non-linear model
- Author
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Xiaojun Xu, Yanjun Xu, Guang-Chun Li, Yize Xiao, Shannon Rutherford, Yuan Luo, Wenjun Ma, Wei Wu, Weilin Zeng, Cordia Chu, and Hualiang Lin
- Subjects
Distributed lag ,China ,Environmental Engineering ,business.industry ,Non linear model ,Subtropics ,Models, Theoretical ,Pollution ,Confidence interval ,Total mortality ,Animal science ,Relative risk ,Humans ,Environmental Chemistry ,Medicine ,Mortality ,Time series study ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
Background Numerous studies have reported the association between ambient temperature and mortality. However, few multicity studies have been conducted in subtropical regions in developing countries. The present study assessed the health effects of temperature on mortality in four subtropical cities of China. Methods We used “double threshold-natural cubic spline” distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to investigate the cold and hot effects on mortality at different lags in four subtropical cities. Then we conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the overall cold and hot effects on mortality at different lag days. Results A U-shaped relationship between temperature and mortality was found in the four cities. Cold effect was delayed and persisted for about 27 days, whereas hot effect was acute and lasted for 3 days. In Changsha, Kunming, Guangzhou and Zhuhai, a 1 °C decrease of temperature under the low threshold was associated with a lag0–27 cumulative relative risk (RR) of 1.061 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.023–1.099), 1.044 (95% CI: 1.033–1.056), 1.096 (95% CI: 1.075–1.117) and 1.111 (95% CI: 1.078–1.145) for total mortality, respectively. And RR for 1 °C increase of temperature above the hot threshold at the lag0 was 1.020 (95% CI: 1.003–1.037), 1.017 (95% CI: 1.004–1.030), 1.029 (95% CI: 1.020–1.039) and 1.023 (95% CI: 1.004–1.042), respectively. The cold and hot effects were greater among the elderly in Changsha, Guangzhou and Zhuhai. Meta analysis showed that the hot effect decreased gradually with lag days, with the greatest effect at current day (RR = 1.023, 95% CI: 1.015–1.031); while the cumulative cold effect increased gradually with lag days, with the highest effect at lag0–27 (RR = 1.076, 95% CI: 1.046–1.107). Conclusion Both low and high temperatures were associated with increased mortality in the four subtropical Chinese cities, and cold effect was more durable and pronounced than hot effect.
- Published
- 2013
36. P3.01-039 JAK2 Participates in Lung Cancer Cells Proliferation, Migration and Invasion
- Author
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Yun Fan and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Lung cancer ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2017
37. P2.04-034 SPARC/β-Tubulin III Expressions for Clinical Outcomes of ESCC Patients Receiving Nab-Paclitaxel plus DDP Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
- Author
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Yun Fan, Gong Lei, Youhua Jiang, and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology ,Chemotherapy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Esophageal cancer ,medicine.disease ,Tubulin ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,biology.protein ,business ,Nab-paclitaxel - Published
- 2017
38. A novel non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on ultralong manganite MnOOH nanowires
- Author
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Yanjun Xu, Lin Guo, Xia Cao, Xiaolan Cai, Ning Wang, Long Wang, and Changpan Mo
- Subjects
Materials science ,Metals and Alloys ,Nanowire ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Manganite ,Electrocatalyst ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Linear range ,chemistry ,Electrode ,Materials Chemistry ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Hydrogen peroxide ,Instrumentation ,Biosensor ,Carbon - Abstract
In this paper, ultralong MnOOH nanowires were first synthesized via a facile solution method without using any organic surfactants. A novel non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was then developed on the base of MnOOH nanowire composite film modified glass carbon electrode (GCE). The resulted biosensor exhibited excellent performance for H2O2 determination with a wide linear range (1.5 × 10−4–1.6 mM), a highly reproducible response (R.S.D. of 2.7%) and long-term stability. The good analytical performance, low cost and straightforward preparation method made this novel electrode material promising for the development of effective non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor.
- Published
- 2010
39. Creep behavior of bagasse fiber reinforced polymer composites
- Author
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Yanjun Xu, Yong Lei, Fei Yao, and Qinglin Wu
- Subjects
Time Factors ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Composite number ,Temperature ,Bioengineering ,General Medicine ,Fibre-reinforced plastic ,Polyvinyl chloride ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Models, Chemical ,chemistry ,Time–temperature superposition ,Creep ,Materials Testing ,Fiber ,High-density polyethylene ,Composite material ,Deformation (engineering) ,Cellulose ,Polyvinyl Chloride ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Mechanical Phenomena - Abstract
The creep behavior of bagasse-based composites with virgin and recycled polyvinyl chloride (B/PVC) and high density polyethylene (B/HDPE) as well as a commercial wood and HDPE composite decking material was investigated. The instantaneous deformation and creep rate of all composites at the same loading level increased at higher temperatures. At a constant load level, B/PVC composites had better creep resistance than B/HDPE systems at low temperatures. However, B/PVC composites showed greater temperature-dependence. Several creep models (i.e., Burgers model, Findley's power law model, and a simpler two-parameter power law model) were used to fit the measured creep data. Time-temperature superposition (TTS) was attempted for long-term creep prediction. The four-element Burgers model and the two-parameter power law model fitted creep curves of the composites well. The TTS principle more accurately predicted the creep response of the PVC composites compared to the HDPE composites.
- Published
- 2010
40. Copper iodide-catalyzed aziridination of alkenes with sulfonamides and sulfamate esters
- Author
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Thi My Uyen Ton, Zhengyang Zhang, Philip Wai Hong Chan, Joyce Wei Wei Chang, and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
Steric effects ,chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Substrate (chemistry) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nitrogen source ,Biochemistry ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Copper ,Copper iodide ,Catalysis - Abstract
An efficient copper iodide-catalyzed aziridination of a variety of alkenes with sulfonamides and sulfamate esters as the nitrogen source and iodosylbenzene (PhI O) as the oxidant is reported herein. The reaction is operationally straightforward, applicable to a variety of alkenes containing electron-withdrawing, electron-donating, and sterically encumbered substrate combinations, and proceeds under mild conditions at room temperature in good to excellent yields.
- Published
- 2009
41. Rice straw fiber-reinforced high-density polyethylene composite: Effect of fiber type and loading
- Author
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Fei Yao, Yong Lei, Qinglin Wu, and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
animal structures ,Materials science ,Composite number ,food and beverages ,Compression molding ,Fiber-reinforced composite ,Straw ,Polyethylene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Ultimate tensile strength ,High-density polyethylene ,Fiber ,Composite material ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Composite panels using virgin and recycled high-density polyethylene (VHDPE and RHDPE) and five types of natural fibers including four rice straw components (i.e., rice husk, rice straw leaf, rice straw stem, and whole rice straw) and wood fiber as control were made by melt compounding and compression molding. Fiber characteristics and the influences of fiber type and loading rate on HDPE crystallization behavior and composite mechanical properties were investigated. Fiber length and aspect ratio distributions for all fibers followed a lognormal distribution after milling with two parameters defining the curve location (i.e., mean fiber length/aspect ratio) and shape (i.e., mean fiber length/aspect ratio distribution). For both VHDPE and RHDPE, rice straw fiber systems had comparable mechanical properties with those of wood composites. Increase in fiber loading led to increased moduli and decreased tensile and impact strength. Composite panels with rice husk had the smallest storage moduli, but their impact strength was comparable or better than that of other straw fibers. Very little difference in mechanical properties existed among leaf, stem, and whole straw fibers. The particular recycled HDPE resin and its composites had significantly better moduli and strength properties compared to the virgin HDPE systems due to additives used during initial processing. X-ray diffraction experiments showed that introducing fiber to HDPE matrix did not change characteristic peak position, but the fiber increased crystalline thickness of HDPE system. Differential scanning calorimetry experiments showed that VHDPE had significantly larger peak heat flow during cooling run than the RHDPE, indicating higher crystallization rates for VHDPE. The use of fiber in both resin systems led to the reduced peak heat flow rate. The study showed that rice straw fibers can work well with both VHDPE and RHDPE as reinforcing filler. Future work will deal with effect of coupling treatments of the straw fibers in single phase or commingled plastics composite systems.
- Published
- 2008
42. Thermal decomposition kinetics of natural fibers: Activation energy with dynamic thermogravimetric analysis
- Author
-
Weihong Guo, Qinglin Wu, Yanjun Xu, Fei Yao, and Yong Lei
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Thermogravimetric analysis ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Thermal decomposition ,Kinetics ,Activation energy ,Polymer ,Atmospheric temperature range ,Condensed Matter Physics ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Thermal stability ,Composite material ,Natural fiber - Abstract
Dynamic TG analysis under nitrogen was used to investigate the thermal decomposition processes of 10 types of natural fibers commonly used in the polymer composite industry. These fibers included wood, bamboo, agricultural residue, and bast fibers. Various degradation models including the Kissinger, Friedman, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and modified Coats–Redfern methods were used to determine the apparent activation energy of these fibers. For most natural fibers approximately 60% of the thermal decomposition occurred within a temperature range between 215 and 310 °C. The result also showed that an apparent activation energy of 160–170 kJ/mol was obtained for most of the selected fibers throughout the polymer processing temperature range. These activation energy values allow developing a simplified approach to understand the thermal decomposition behavior of natural fibers as a function of polymer composite processing.
- Published
- 2008
43. Preparation and properties of recycled HDPE/natural fiber composites
- Author
-
Fei Yao, Yanjun Xu, Qinglin Wu, and Yong Lei
- Subjects
Materials science ,Composite number ,Compression molding ,Izod impact strength test ,Polyethylene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Ceramics and Composites ,Thermal stability ,High-density polyethylene ,Fiber ,Composite material ,Natural fiber - Abstract
Composites based on recycled high density polyethylene (RHDPE) and natural fibers were made through melt blending and compression molding. The effects of the fibers (wood and bagasse) and coupling agent type/concentration on the composite properties were studied. The use of maleated polyethylene (MAPE), carboxylated polyethylene (CAPE), and titanium-derived mixture (TDM) improved the compatibility between the bagasse fiber and RHDPE, and mechanical properties of the resultant composites compared well with those of virgin HDPE composites. The modulus and impact strength of the composites had maxima with MAPE content increase. The composites had lower crystallization peak temperatures and wider crystalline temperature range than neat RHDPE, and their thermal stability was lower than RHDPE.
- Published
- 2007
44. Regional cerebral blood flow and plasma nicotine after smoking tobacco cigarettes
- Author
-
Sally K. Guthrie, Robert A. Koeppe, Yanjun Xu, Lisong Ni, Edward F. Domino, and Jon Kar Zubieta
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Nicotine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Hippocampus ,Blood Pressure ,Nucleus accumbens ,Heart Rate ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Nicotinic Agonists ,Biological Psychiatry ,Morning ,media_common ,Cerebral Cortex ,Pharmacology ,Analysis of Variance ,Brain Mapping ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Smoking Tobacco ,Smoking ,Blood flow ,Abstinence ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,Cerebral blood flow ,Regional Blood Flow ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,Anesthesia ,Female ,Psychology ,Tomography, Emission-Computed ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The hypothesis for this research is that only in some brain areas, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) after tobacco smoking is correlated with arterial plasma nicotine concentrations. Twenty-one healthy adult tobacco smokers of both genders were studied after overnight tobacco abstinence. H(2)15O water was used to measure rCBF. Six separate scans were taken about 12 min apart with the subjects' eyes closed and relaxed. Research tobacco cigarettes smoked were of average (1.0 mg) and low (0.08 mg) nicotine but similar tar yield (9.5 and 9.1 mg). Increases in normalized rCBF were obtained in the occipital cortex, cerebellum, and thalamus, and decreases in the anterior cingulate, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and hippocampus immediately after smoking the first average nicotine yield cigarette of the morning. After smoking the second average nicotine yield cigarette, the effects were less than smoking the first. Low-nicotine cigarettes produced fewer changes in rCBF than those after the first average cigarette. As expected, statistically significant correlations were found between increases in arterial plasma nicotine and HR. Correlations with arterial nicotine on rCBF were statistically significant in brain areas with the greatest changes in relative blood flow such as the cerebellum and occipital cortex. Nicotine delivery by tobacco smoking is only one of the factors, which contribute to changes in rCBF.
- Published
- 2004
45. P3.02b-079 Effects of Icotinib with and without Radiation Therapy on Patients with EGFR Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases
- Author
-
Yun Fan, Guoqing Qiu, Fajun Xie, Na Han, Lulu Miao, Zhiyu Huang, Lei Gong, Hongyang Lu, Jing Qin, and Yanjun Xu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Mutant ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,Icotinib ,Medicine ,Non small cell ,business ,Lung cancer - Published
- 2017
46. OA08.01 Exploration of the Underlying Mechanisms of Leptomeningeal Metastasis in NSCLC Patients through NGS of Cerebrospinal Fluid
- Author
-
Y. Fan, Lei Gong, Weimin Mao, Xin Ye, Mengzhao Wang, Lulu Miao, Xuehua Zhu, Luo Fang, Haiyan Xu, Jingyan Ding, Min Hu, Xuesong Lv, Zhiyu Huang, Yanjun Xu, and Hongyang Lu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,business ,Leptomeningeal metastasis - Published
- 2017
47. A novel wood flour-filled composite based on microfibrillar high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/Nylon-6 blends
- Author
-
Yanjun Xu, Fei Yao, Hongzhi Liu, and Qinglin Wu
- Subjects
Time Factors ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Polymers ,Composite number ,Bioengineering ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Polymer chemistry ,Caprolactam ,Composite material ,Cellulose ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Mechanical Phenomena ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Temperature ,Wood flour ,General Medicine ,Polymer ,Polyethylene ,Wood ,Nylon 6 ,Creep ,chemistry ,Extrusion ,High-density polyethylene ,Powders - Abstract
A novel wood flour (WF)-filled composite based on the microfibrillar high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and Nylon-6 co-blend, in which both in situ formed Nylon-6 microfibrils and WF acted as reinforcing elements, was successfully developed using a two-step extrusion method. At the 30 wt.% WF loading level, WF-filled composite based on the microfibrillized HDPE/Nylon-6 blend exhibited higher strengths and moduli than the corresponding HDPE-based composite. The incorporation of WF reduced short-term creep response of HDPE matrix and the presence of Nylon-6 microfibrils further contributed to the creep reduction.
- Published
- 2010
48. Phosphatidic acid increases inositol-1,4,5,-trisphosphate and [Ca2+]i levels in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
- Author
-
Rob L Hopfner, Venkat Gopalakrishnan, Yanjun Xu, and Pinggang Liu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Phosphatidic Acids ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate ,Biology ,Calcium ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Extracellular ,Animals ,Staurosporine ,Inositol ,Molecular Biology ,Cells, Cultured ,Protein kinase C ,Phospholipase C ,Myocardium ,Cell Biology ,Phosphatidic acid ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,Animals, Newborn ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Cyclopiazonic acid ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA), which can be synthesized de novo, or as a product of phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis and/or phosphorylation of 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), mediates diverse cellular functions in various cell types, including cardiomyocytes. We set out to characterize the effect of PA on intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) levels in primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Addition of PA led to rapid, concentration and time dependent increases in both IP(3) and [Ca2+]i levels in adherent cells. There was strong correlation in the concentration-response relationships between IP(3) and [Ca2+]i increases evoked by PA. Incubation with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ pump inhibitor, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), significantly attenuated the PA evoked [Ca2+]i increase but had no significant effect on IP(3) accumulation. The phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, D-609, attenuated both IP(3) and [Ca2+]i elevations evoked by PA whereas staurosporine (STS), a potent and non-selective PKC inhibitor, had no significant effect on either. Another PLC inhibitor, U73122, but not its inactive analog, U73343, also inhibited PA evoked increases in [Ca2+]i. Depletion of extracellular calcium attenuated both basal and PA evoked increases in [Ca2+]i. The PLA(2) inhibitors, bromophenylacyl-bromide (BPB) and CDP-choline, had no effect on PA evoked [Ca2+]i responses. Neither the DAG analog, dioctanoylglycerol, nor the DAG kinase inhibitor, R59949, affected PA evoked changes in [Ca2+]i. Taken together, these data indicate that PA, in a manner independent of PKC, DAG, or PLA(2), may enhance Ca2+ release from IP(3) sensitive SR Ca(2+) stores via activation of PLC in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.
- Published
- 1999
49. Effect of solvent properties on the dispersion coefficient in an on-line microwave flow-injection system
- Author
-
Yanjun Xu, Zhide Hu, and Xingguo Chen
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,Viscometer ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Solvent ,Hildebrand solubility parameter ,Boiling point ,Viscosity ,Molar volume ,Environmental Chemistry ,Solvent effects ,Dispersion (chemistry) ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
The dispersion behaviour of solutes (samples and reagents) is influenced by the physical properties and structural parameters of solvents used as carrier streams in a flow-injection system. Chromogenic reagents as indicators, such as 4-(5-chloro-2-pyridylazo)-1,3-diaminobenzene (5-C1-PADAB), 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP), 2-(2-arsonophenylazo)-7-(2,6-dibromo-4-chlorophenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulphonic acid (DBC-arsenazo) and 2-(4-chloro-2-phosphonophenylazo)-7-(3-nitrophenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulphonic acid (chlorophosphonazo-mN), solvents as carrier steams, such as methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol, and a laboratory-made microwave flow-injection analyzer were used to explore the relationship between the dispersion coefficient D of solutes and the properties of solvents in an on-line microwave flow-injection system. When the microwave heating time t m was fixed, the relation between the dispersion coefficient D of the four chromogenic reagents in the flow system and molar volume, boiling point, molecular connectivity index, expanded solubility parameter and viscosity were found to have the following general relationship D = a + bP , where a and b were constants whose values varied with the parameter examined ( P ), the particular chromogenic reagents and the microwave heating time. In addition, we calculated the viscosity of methanol at 30 °C on the basis of the above relations and no significant difference was shown between this value and that determined by a viscosimeter. This indicated that it is possible to calculate some properties of solvents by measuring the dispersion coefficient D of solutes in a flow-injection system.
- Published
- 1995
50. Dispersion behaviour of chromogenic reagents in a microwave field in a flow system. Application to the spectrophotometric flow-injection determination of palladium and rhodium
- Author
-
Yanjun Xu, Zhide Hu, and Xingguo Chen
- Subjects
medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chromogenic ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Rhodium ,Solvent ,chemistry ,Reagent ,Spectrophotometry ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Dispersion (chemistry) ,Spectroscopy ,Microwave ,Palladium - Abstract
Microwave heating assoicated with flow-injection (FI) analysis was used to expand the field of application of FI analysis. A laboratory-made microwave-irradiation flow-injection analyser and a chromogenic reagent, 4-(5-chloro-2-pyridylazo)-1,3-diaminobenzene (5-Cl-PADAB), were used to establish an FI spectrophotometric method for the sequential determination of Pd and Rh. The relationship between the dispersion coefficient D of various chromogenic reagents and the microwave irradiation time, tm, was established as D = a + btm/(tm + c), where a, b and c are constants. The relationship between D and the molecular weight M of the solvent (methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol) was found to be D = a′ + b′M, where a′ and b′ are constants. The effect of microwave irradiation on the coordination reactions between 5-Cl-PADAB and Pd, Rh, Ru, Os, Ir and Pt was studied.
- Published
- 1994
Catalog
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