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Carotid plaque is one of the typical manifestations and precursors of diabetic cardiovascular complications. As a new adipokine, asprosin participates in the development of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and is considered to be closely related to insulin resistance and glucolipid metabolism. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum asprosin level and carotid plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).A total of 180 patients with T2DM were selected. The basic parameters and biochemical indexes of the subjects were measured, and the serum asprosin concentration of the subjects was detected by ELISA. The carotid plaque was evaluated by color Doppler ultrasound.The level of serum asprosin in the T2DM with carotid plaque group was significantly higher than that in T2DM without carotid plaque group [2.53(1.73-3.21) vs 1.72(1.23-2.34) ng/mL, P 0.05]. The incidence of carotid plaque in the low, middle and high quartiles was 31.7 %, 48.3 % and 70 % respectively. Correlation analysis showed that serum asprosin was positively correlated with BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP, FIns, LDL-C, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β (P 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that WHR, DBP, FIns, and LDL-C were independent influencing factors of asprosin. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum asprosin was still significantly correlated with carotid plaque in T2DM patients after adjusting for multiple confounding factors. The area under receiver-operating curve (ROC) of asprosin predicting carotid plaque was 0.701 (0.625-0.777) in T2DM.The level of serum asprosin in T2DM patients with carotid plaques is significantly higher, suggesting that asprosin may play a role in the occurrence and development of carotid plaques in T2DM. Detection of this index can provide new clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiovascular disease.

N(6)-methyladenosine (m

Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is one of the etiological agents associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and also causes a variety of illnesses in humans, including pneumonia, and myocarditis. Different people, particularly young children, may have different immunological responses to infection. Current CV-A10 infection animal models provide only a rudimentary understanding of the pathogenesis and effects of this virus. The characteristics of CV-A10 infection, replication, and shedding in humans remain unknown. In this study, rhesus macaques were infected by CV-A10 via respiratory or digestive route to mimic the HFMD in humans. The clinical symptoms, viral shedding, inflammatory response and pathologic changes were investigated in acute infection (1-11 day post infection) and recovery period (12-180 day post infection). All infected rhesus macaques during acute infection showed obvious viremia and clinical symptoms which were comparable to those observed in humans. Substantial inflammatory pathological damages were observed in multi-organs, including the lung, heart, liver, and kidney. During the acute period, all rhesus macaques displayed clinical signs, viral shedding, normalization of serum cytokines, and increased serum neutralizing antibodies, whereas inflammatory factors caused some animals to develop severe hyperglycemia during the recovery period. In addition, there were no significant differences between respiratory and digestive tract infected animals. Overall, all data presented suggest that the rhesus macaques provide the first non-human primate animal model for investigating CV-A10 pathophysiology and assessing the development of potential human therapies.

To investigate whether and how social support influenced frailty progression through depressive symptoms and physical activity.Of 1235 community-dwelling older adults enrolled at baseline, 778 (63.0%) undergoing at least one yearly follow-up were included in the final analysis. Data were collected on frailty, social support, depressive symptoms, physical activity and covariates.Two frailty trajectory classes were identified and labeled as alleviated frailty and deteriorated frailty. Subjective support prevented the deterioration of frailty through decreased depressive symptoms, while objective support and support utilization prevented the deterioration of frailty through increased physical activity.The pathways through which social support ameliorates frailty vary by support types. Subjective support interventions should be included in the multifactorial interdisciplinary management of frailty to address social and psychological vulnerabilities, along with objective support and support utilization interventions addressing physical inactivity.

In this study, for feature extraction of seismic- and nonlinear trend terms of the nonlinear and nonstationary high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) seismic displacements, we present an adaptive complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD) method based on correlation coefficient. We also introduce an improved CEEMD (ICEEMD) based on multiway principal component analysis (MPCA), hereafter, ICEEMD-MPCA, denoising method for boosting the high-rate GNSS seismic displacements with/without nonlinear trend. The results show that the proposed method is suitable for extracting features of nonlinear and nonstationary high-rate GNSS seismic displacements. The ICEEMD-MPCA denoising method is able to obviously eliminate white noise at high frequencies, remove systematic errors, and effectively preserve the earthquake wave signals. The denoising method reflects that high-rate GNSS has millimeter-level accuracy in the vertical component and submillimeter-level accuracy in the horizontal component. To verify the performance characteristics of the feature extraction and denoising method, the focal mechanism inversion for the 2010 El Mayor–Cucapah earthquake is estimated using the high-rate GNSS data (5 Hz) and collocated strong motion data (50 and 200 Hz). The focal mechanism of the earthquake estimated using the denoised high-rate GNSS with/without nonlinear trend are more consistent with the teleseismic estimates than those estimated using the raw high-rate GNSS and strong motion data. For the GNSS observations, the inversion results are more affected by errors in low-frequency, which accumulate over time and display their signatures as trend in coseismic displacements. It can be concluded that with the adaptive CEEMD method and the ICEEMD-MPCA denoising method, high-rate GNSS at near-field stations only or combined with GNSS/strong-motion records can be applied to yield better information regarding the earthquake focal mechanism inversion, the lower bounds of earthquake magnitudes, and earthquake rupture parameters for small to moderate earthquakes.

It was proved by Karch and Pilarczyk that Landau solutions are asymptotically stable under any L 2 -perturbation. In our earlier work with L. Li, we have classified all ( − 1 ) -homogeneous axisymmetric no-swirl solutions of incompressible stationary Navier-Stokes equations in three dimension which are smooth on the unit sphere minus the south and north poles. In this paper, we study the asymptotic stability of the least singular solutions among these solutions other than Landau solutions, and prove that such solutions are asymptotically stable under any L 2 -perturbation.

Natural products are useful tools for biological mechanism research and drug discovery. Due to the excellent tumor cell growth inhibitory profile and sub-nanomolar potency, Coibamide A (CA), an N-methyl-stabilized depsipeptide isolated from marine cyanobacterium, has been considered as a promising lead compound for cancer treatment. However, the molecular anti-cancer mechanism of the action of CA remains unclear. Here, we showed that CA treatment induced caspase-independent cell death in breast cancer cells. CA treatment also led to severe lysosome defects, which was ascribed to the impaired glycosylation of lysosome membrane protein LAMP1 and LAMP2. As a consequence, the autophagosome-lysosome fusion was blocked upon CA treatment. In addition, we presented evidence that this autophagy defect partially contributed to the CA treatment-induced tumor cell death. Together, our work uncovers a novel mechanism underlying the anti-cancer action of CA, which will promote its further application for cancer therapy.

It is important to assess the potential uptake of methane (CH4) in dryland farming and its contribution to global warming mitigation by elucidating the migration characteristics of CH4 in the soil profile. Therefore, before planting spring maize in the Loess Plateau region of China in 2019–2020, we applied fertilizer at soil depths of 5, 15, 25, and 35 cm (D5, D15, D25, and D35, respectively). The uptake of CH4 and diffusion flux were determined simultaneously in the soil surface and profile. We found that the dryland soil was a sink for CH4 and the cumulative CH4 uptake amount by soil without fertilization during the maize growth stage was 1.54 kg ha–1. Fertilization inhibited the uptake of CH4 by the soil, but deep fertilization promoted its uptake. The cumulative surface CH4 uptake amounts under D15, D25, and D35 were significantly higher than that under D5, i.e., by 42.4%, 105.6%, and 169.1%, respectively. The CH4 concentration and diffusion flux decreased as the soil depth increased, and CH4 diffused downward in the soil profile. The CH4 consumption rate was greater than the production rate in the 0–20 cm soil layer, whereas the opposite was found in the 20–30 cm layer. The surface CH4 uptake flux was significantly positively correlated with the diffusion flux in the 0–30 cm soil layer. Inorganic nitrogen (N) inhibited the diffusion of CH4 from the surface through the soil profile and its diffusion within the profile. The highest maize yield and biomass were obtained under D25. Therefore, increasing the fertilization depth can promote the uptake of CH4 by the soil in maize fields to alleviate climate change, and a fertilization depth of 25 cm is suitable for balancing the requirements for environmental protection and agricultural production. Our findings provide important insights into the production, consumption, diffusion, and uptake of CH4 in dryland farming areas.