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Luminescent materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property have privileged solid state emission by restriction of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials can fully harvest singlet and triplet excitons to achieve efficient electroluminescence (EL). An excellent strategy is to combine AIE and TADF features to create an admirable new luminescent material. Herein, a new tailor-made material(DPECTT) is developed based on diphenylethene as skeleton, carbazole as donor group and 9, 9, 10, 10-tetraoxidethianthrene as accept group. Its structure is fully characterized by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Thermal, photophysical and electrochemical properties are investigated systematically. The results show that the aggregation-induced delayed fluorescence (AIE-TADF) compound exhibits good thermal stability, electrochemical stability and AIE and TADF properties. Ultimately, the non-doped OLED (Device A) was fabricated based on DPECTT as light-emitting layer. Device A showed bluish green light with a turn-on voltage of 5 V, a maximum brightness of 8264 cd m−2 and a maximum current efficiency of 3.96 cd A−1. These results fully demonstrate the utility of combining AIE and TADF to explore new high-efficiency emitters.

Migraine is one of the most common chronic neurological disorders worldwide. Current clinical treatment mainly aims to relieve symptoms, and the outcome is primarily evaluated on subjective parameters with a lack of comprehensive and objective evaluation criteria. The development of a core outcome set (COS) may offer a solution to the problems with evaluating the outcome of treatments for migraine. A total of 57 outcome indicators were obtained from the systematic review and semi-constructed interviews. After the two-round Delphi survey and analytic hierarchy process were used to assess the weight of each outcome, 16 core outcomes of acupuncture treatment for migraine treatment were selected. The COS evaluates the degree of relief provided by acupuncture therapy in terms of pain level and symptoms and provides a comprehensive and multidimensional assessment of quality of life, sleep quality, and mental health from the perspective of pain and it presented here could guide the application and precise evaluation of treatment for migraine. Funding Statement: This research was funded by the National key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC1707604) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81674150). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement: Ethical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Beijing university of Chinese medicine (Approval no. DZMEC-KY-2018-44).Written informed consent for publication of our research details was obtained from the patients.

Background Cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis are crucial events underlying the development of cardiac abnormalities and dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI). A better understanding of the cell signaling pathways involved in cardiac remodeling may support the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of heart failure (HF) after MI. Methods A cardiac MI injury model was constructed by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Neonatal cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured to investigate the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of nicorandil on MI-induced injury. Results Nicorandil reduced cardiac enzyme release, mitigated left ventricular enlargement and cardiac dysfunction after MI, as evaluated by echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements. According to the results of the western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining, nicorandil enhanced autophagic flux and reduced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxic injury. Interestingly, nicorandil increased Mst1 and p-Mst1 levels in cardiomyocytes subjected to MI injury. Mst1 knockout abolished the protective effects of nicorandil on cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after MI. Mst1 knockout also abolished the beneficial effects of nicorandil on cardiac enzyme release and cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis. Conclusions Nicorandil alleviates post-MI cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. The mechanisms were associated with enhancing autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis through Mst1 inhibition.

Nix and Gio [Nix, W.D., Gao, H.J., 1998. Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: a law for strain gradient plasticity. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 46, 411–425] established an important relation between the micro-indentation hardness and indentation depth for axisymmetric indenters. For the Berkovich indenter, however, this relation requires an equivalent cone angle. Qin et al. [Qin, J., Huang, Y., Xiao, J., Hwang, K.C., 2009. The equivalence of axisymmetric indentation model for three-dimensional indentation hardness. Journal of Materials Research 24, 776–783] showed that the widely used equivalent cone angle from the criterion of equal base area leads to significant errors in micro-indentation, and proposed a new equivalence of equal cone angle for iridium. It is shown in this paper that this new equivalence holds for a wide range of plastic work hardening materials. In addition, the prior equal-base-area criterion does not hold because the Berkovich indenter gives much higher density of geometrically necessary dislocations than axisymmetric indenter. The equivalence of equal cone angle, however, does not hold for Vickers indenter.

A simple method is established to determine the microscale uniaxial stress–strain curve from the load and deflection data for a doubly clamped beam. The method is based on the fact that, for beam deflection much larger than the beam thickness, the axial stretching dominates the deformation in the doubly clamped beam and the doubly clamped beam behaves like a simple plastic hinge. The microscale uniaxial stress–strain curve, together with the cantilever beam experiments, is used to determine the strain gradient effect in Au thin beams. The effect of finite rotation is also discussed.