Search

Tunnel fan is critical fire-fighting equipment, and its safe and stable operation is very important for the efficiency and safety of tunnel traffic. Existing studies commonly train the fault diagnosis methods with the goal of minimizing mean error which ignores the difference between classes in feature distribution. To solve the problem of inaccurate prediction caused by mean error evaluation, this paper presents a non-neural deep learning model, namely hierarchical cascade forest, which has three characteristics: (1) A hierarchical cascade structure is constructed, of which the output comes from each layer; (2) Each fault class is evaluated and recognized independently, the result of fault classes that are easy to distinguish is output earlier; (3) A confidence-based threshold estimate method is proposed in HCF and used to improve the training method to increase the reliability of HCF. Based on these, HCF improves the cascade forest structure and implements the proper matching of different depth of feature and fault patterns. The effect of HCF is verified through experiments based on the tunnel fans testing rig. Experimented results show that, compared to Deep Forest, the accuracy of HCF increases by 0.6% to 10.8%, and the training time of HCF is reduced 33.24%.

Ruthenium complexes with good biological properties have attracted increasing attention in recent decades. In this work, three ruthenium polypyridine complexes containing 5-fluorouracil derivatives as ligands, [Ru(bpy)

Contamination of toxigenic fungi in foods, agricultural commodities and Chinese herbal medicines has posed serious threaten to human and animals’ health and safety. Natural antifungal agents from plant essential oils (PEOs) and their active components have been candidates of interest. In this study, the antifungal activities of PEOs from 11 natural plants against three kinds of toxigenic fungi including Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium viridicatum and Aspergillus carbonarius were evaluated and compared through the determination of fungi zone diameter. Results showed that 4 PEOs of Cinnamomum cassia Presl, Litsea cubeba, Cymbopogon martini and Thymus mongolicus Ronn expressed stronger inhibitory effects and lower minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against the three kinds of fungi, which would be the ideal antifungal candidates. Then, the chemical compositions of them were analyzed by an optimized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method with trans-cinnamaldehyde and d-limonene, citral and citronellal, trans-geraniol, and carvacrol as their main active components, respectively. The six compounds with strong antifungal activity and small MICs on the three kinds of fungi might contribute largely to the inhibitory effects of the 4 selected PEOs containing them. The 4 selected PEOs and their 6 main active components exhibited wide application prospect as the novel natural antifungal alternatives for preventing fungal contamination in different matrices to assure their quality and safety. The use of PEOs with highly-volatile components is environment-friendly, convenient and highly-effective with minimal residues and low cost will get more interest in practice.

Objective To observe the comparison of the clinical efficacy between penetration needling from Neiguān ( PC 6) to Waiguān ( TE 5) and western medicine estazolam for insomnia. Methods Sixty insomnia patients were divided into 2 groups according to the random number table, 30 cases in each group. Penetration needling from PC 6 to TE 5 was mainly adopted in acupuncture group for once a day, 5 times a week, and treatment for 4 weeks was 1 course of treatment. Estazolam was orally given in medicine group before sleep every night in a dosage of 1 mg per time, and treatment for 4 weeks was 1 course of treatment. After 4 weeks, the clinical efficacy and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score were compared respectively between the two groups. Results The total effective rate was 90.00% in acupuncture group and 63.33% in medicine group, and the difference was statistically significant (P Conclusion The penetration needling of complementary acupoints from PC 6 to TE 5 was simple and convenient which can significantly improve the patients' sleep quality.

The present study used strain ZH-H2 (Fusarium sp.) isolated by our group as the PAH-degrading strain and 5-6-rings PAHs as degradation objects. The soil incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the starch-enhanced degradation effects of HMW PAHs by Fusarium sp. in an Aged Polluted Soil from a Coal Mining Area. The results showed that the removal rates of BaP, InP and BghiP increased with increasing inoculation rate of ZH-H2 in the unsterile aged polluted soil of coal mining area, with the exception of BbF degradation which increased in the H2 treatment and then decreased. Different addition dosage of starch apparently resulted in degradation of 4 PAHs in soil, with removal rates of 14.47% for BaP, 23.83% for DbA, 30.77% for BghiP and 31.00% for InP obtained with treatment D2, respectively higher than in treatment D1. So starch addition apparently enhanced the degradation of the 4 PAHs, especially InP and BghiP, by native microbes in the aged HMW PAH-polluted soil. By adding starch to these aged polluted soils with inoculated strain ZH-H2, HMW-PAHs degradation was further improved and addition of 0.5 g kg-1 starch to soils with 1.0 g kg-1 Fusarium ZH-H2 (D2 + H2) performed best to the 4 HMW-PAHs in all of these combination treatments by a factor of up to 3.09, depending on the PAH. We found that the highest polyphenol oxidase activities under D2 + H2 treatments are consistent with the results of removal rates of 4 PAHs. Our findings suggest that the combination of Fusarium sp. ZH-H2 and starch offers a suitable alternative for bioremediation of aged PAH-contaminated soil in coal mining areas, with a recommended inoculation size of 0.5 g Fusarium sp. ZH-H2 and addition of 0.5 g kg-1 starch per kg soil.

Polymers of structure ? CCSi(MeOct”)CC- Z?n(Z = 1,4-benzene, 4,4'-biphenyl, 9,10-anthracene, 2,7-fluorene, 2,5 and 2,6-pyridine, 6,6′-bipyridine, 2,5-thiophene, 2,6-p-dimethylaminonitrobenzene, 2,6-p-nitroaniline, 2,7-fluoren-9-one, p-tetrafluorobenzene, 2,6-p-nitrophenol or 2,6-p-cyanophenol were prepared by reaction of diethynylmethyl(n-octyl)silane with the appropriate hetero(aromatic) dibromide or diiodide in the presence of (PPh(in3))2PdCl2 and CuI. The polymer where Z = 6,6′-bipyridine reacted with copper(II) trifluoromethanesulphonate to give a copper(II)-containing polymer, reduction of which with hydrazine afforded the Cu(I)-containing polymer. The effect of change in reaction conditions on the cross-coupling polymerization was investigated. High molecular weights are favoured by use of: (a) the diiodo- rather than the dibromoarene, (b) an equimolar mixture of the reactants or excess diethynylsilane, and in most cases (c) toluene cosolvent. The molecular weight passes through a maximum as the total catalyst concentration is increased, or as the individual Cu and Pd catalyst concentrations are separately raised. The presence of tetraethylammonium chloride or high concentrations of triphenylphosphine reduces the molecular weight.

Polycarbosilanes with the structure [-SiR2CCZCz.tbnd;C]-n (R2Si = 2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-1-sila-2,4- cyclopentadiene; Z = 1,4-benzene, 4,4′-biphenyl, 9,10-anthracene, 2,7-fluorene, 2,5- and 2,6-pyridine, 6,6′-bipyridine, 2,5-thiophene, 2,6- p-dimethylaminonitrobenzene, 2,6-p-nitroaniline, 2,6-p-nitrophenol, and 2,7-fluoren-9-one) were prepared by reaction of 1,1-diethynyl- 2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-1-sila-2,4-cyclopentadiene with the appropriate (hetero)aromatic dibromide or diiodide in the presence of [(PPh3)2PdCl 2] and CuI. Exo- and endotherms observed in the initial DSC scans were absent in repeat scans. The oligomer where Z = p-C6H4 reacted with [Fe(CO)5] under UV irradiation to give an oligomer containing iron carbonyl fragments attached to ca. 30% of the silole groups.

Polymers having the structure ???CCSi(Ph 2 )CCZ??? (Z = 1,4-benzene, 4,4′-biphenyl, 9,10-anthracene, 2,7-fluorene, 6,6′-bipyridine, 2,5 and 2,6-pyridine, 2,5-thiophene, 2,6- p -dimethylaminonitrobenzene, 2,6- p -nitroaniline, 2,6- p -nitrophenol, 2,6- p -cyanophenol, p -tetrafluorobenzene and 2,7-fluoren-9-one) were prepared by reaction of diethynyldiphenylsilane with the appropriate (hetero)aromatic dibromide or diiodide in the presence of [(PPh 3 ) 2 PdCl 2 ], CuI and PPh 3 , the solvent being either triethylamine or triethylamine with toluene. Depending on the Z group and the solvent system, the weight-average molecular weight as determined by SEC ranged from 2600 for 2,6-pyridine to 34,000 for 1,4-benzene. The UV/visible spectra show absorption maxima in the region 250–400 nm. The polymer with 2,6- p -dimethylaminonitrobenzene groups was χ (2) active, the value of r 33 being 0.8 pm V −1 following fixed electrode poling at 17.5 V μm −1 . The polymers did not melt below the decomposition temperature, and all transitions shown in the DSC thermogram to 300°C were found to be absent on repeat scans. Thermogravimetric and thermal dynamic analysis of the polymer where Z = 1,4-benzene showed decomposition commencing at 290°C and continuing up to ca . 750°C. The residue was composed of α-SiC and amorphous carbon. Treatment of the same polymer with BH 3 /SMe 2 gave rise to an insoluble polymer containing boron. The polymer where Z = 6,6′-bipyridine reacted with copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate to give a copper(II) -containing polymer, hydrazine reduction of which afforded the corresponding Cu I -containing polymer.

The polymers SiR1R2CC(4,4'C6H4C6H4)CC n (where R1R2 = Ph2 or MeOctn) react with dicobalt octacarbonyl to give the corresponding polymers containing either all or half the acetylenes complexed by Co2(CO)6 groups depending on the reactant proportions. These polymers of different stoichiometry can be distinguished by 13C and 29Si n.m.r. spectroscopy.

The electrical conductivies of the poly(alkynylsilane)s [C-SiR 1 R 2 -CC-Z] n (R 1 R 2 Si = Ph 2 Si, n Oct(Me)Si, 2,3.4,5-tetraphenyl-1-sila-2,4-cyclopentene; Z = (hetero)aromatic group) doped with FeCl 3 are found to lie in the range 10 −9 −3 S cm −1 , whereas those of the undoped polymers are less than 10 −10 S cm −1 . The presence of Ph groups on Si leads to incresed conductivity.