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Nano-ZnO being a pre-dominant constituent in every-day utility products encourages to strive for safety. This study was aimed to fill the knowledge gap concerning on mechanism of nano-ZnO toxicity and develop strategies to curb. Synthesized pristine ZnO nanocrystals (NCs) and doping of Fe and Mn in nano-ZnO was characterized for cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and biotic dissolution traits in Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacterial cells. Zinc ions (Zn2+) dissolution and ROS production found responsible in stating toxicological effects of nano-ZnO in E. coli cells. Over Mn (1.09*1022), doping of metal (Fe) atom (1.1*1022) in ZnO lattice introduces kinetic constraints for the release of Zn2+ ions recovered in bacterial pellet which lowers dissolution rate leading low ROS and lipid peroxidation (LPO), delivers high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in both the bacterial cells. Fe doped ZnO NCs also demonstrate effective protective potential in oxidative challenged bacterial cells, with least effect on growth rate, percentage cell viability, membrane damage and ROS production. Further, hemo-compatible response biocompatibility assessed in human red blood cells shows negligible release of hemoglobin (Hb

This work presents glucose sensing characteristics of palladium doped tin oxide (SnO 2 ) thin films deposited by modified plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique as a function of deposition temperature (400–600 °C) and at fixed radio frequency (RF) plasma power of 150 W. Stannic chloride (SnCl 4 ) and palladium hexafluroacetyleacetonate (Pd(C 5 HF 6 O 2 ) 2 ) were used as precursors for tin and palladium respectively whereas oxygen (O 2 , 100 sccm) was used as reactant gas. Granular morphology is observed with tetragonal rutile structure. Diffraction peaks related to SnO 2 and Pd 2 Sn are observed at all the deposition temperatures. Photoelectron peaks related to Sn (3 d , 3 p , 4 d ), Pd 3 d , O 1 s , C 1 s and N 1 s were detected with varying intensities as a function of deposition temperature. Glucose oxidase (GO x ) was immobilized by physical adsorption (by soaking films in 1000 units of GO x solution for three hours). The sensitivity to glucose increases with slight non-linearity from 5 mg/dl to 360 mg/dl and found decreasing with increasing deposition temperature. Electrochemical studies indicated rapid electron transfer kinetics and hence reversible electron transfer reactions.