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Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:33:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 The time for flowering and fruiting in plants is mainly influenced by environmental factors. Plant species that are subject to different environmental conditions, but phylogenetically close, such as forest and savanna congeneric species pairs growing in forest-savanna transitions in the Neotropics, can be comparatively studied to isolate the effects of the environment from phylogenetic influences. Thus, we performed a comparative study of flowering and fruiting start and duration, as well its relationships with dispersal modes and canopy phenology, analyzing herbarium data for 25 congeneric species pairs from different families, each containing at least one savanna and one forest species. We examined species phenological patterns using digitized specimens from one of the most comprehensive digitized plant datasets in Brazil, the SpeciesLink. We found savanna species having shorter flowering duration (2–5 months) in comparison with forest (3–8 months) congeneric species. Congeneric pairs presented similar reproductive phenological responses for all other studied traits. We found that dispersal mode played an important role in determining fruiting start and duration, while flowering and fruiting start were explained by leaf deciduousness. Although there were many phenological similarities between savanna and forest species, there were differences in flowering duration between savanna and forest species in some congeneric pairs. Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Rodovia Presidente Dutra, Km 137,8, Eugênio de Melo Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane S/N, Vila Industrial Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Rodovia Presidente Dutra, Km 137,8, Eugênio de Melo Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane S/N, Vila Industrial

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:10:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-02-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Although the outer bark is important for protecting the inner tissues of stems of woody plants, especially from fire, the variation of outer bark in environments with different water availability, wind intensities, and solar radiation is little understood. Here, we examined the outer bark structure of Moquiniastrum polymorphum (Asteraceae) and Zanthoxylum rhoifolium (Rutaceae), co-occurring species in cerrado sensu stricto, cerradão, semi-deciduous seasonal forest and rainforest. Cerrado sensu stricto is a savanna with relatively intense solar radiation and winds. Cerradão, semi-deciduous seasonal forest and rainforest are progressively more closed and humid. We tested if trees in cerrado sensu stricto have relatively thicker outer and total bark than trees in the other three environments. For individuals of each species from each habitat, we described the morphological and anatomical features of the outer bark, including the origin of the first periderm. We compared the relative thickness of outer and total bark among habitats by means of ANOVA. In both species, we observed no qualitative differences in the morphological and anatomical features of the outer bark; therefore, these features are diagnostic for each species. For all habitats, the deep-seated origin of the first periderm and formation of a rhytidome in M. polymorphum produce a grooved bark with a loose appearance, whereas the subepidermal origin and formation of a single periderm in Z. rhoifolium produce a more uniform and smooth-appearing bark. Zanthoxylum rhoifolium trees in cerrado sensu stricto and cerradão have a thinner periderm, whereas M. polymorphum trees do not vary in rhytidome thickness among the habitats. In summary, trees from cerrado sensu stricto did not have relatively thicker outer bark and total bark than trees in cerradão, semi-deciduous seasonal forest and rainforest, suggesting that seasonal drought, intense solar radiation and winds do not seem to affect the total thickness of the outer bark. UNESP - São Paulo State University Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Ciência Florestal Laboratório de Anatomia da Madeira, Avenida Universitária, 3780 UNESP - São Paulo State University Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu Departamento de Botânica, Distrito de Rubião Junior UNESP - São Paulo State University Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Ciência Florestal Laboratório de Anatomia da Madeira, Avenida Universitária, 3780 UNESP - São Paulo State University Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu Departamento de Botânica, Distrito de Rubião Junior FAPESP: 2015/14954-1 CNPq: 304396/2015-0