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Ecosystem health is one of the most important topics for ecosystem management and it is also the main core in ecosystem assessment. In this study, a regional ecosystem health assessment (REHA) method is adopted to develop a spatial ecosystem health framework for Gorgan Township, North-Eastern Iran. The REHA methodology refers to an ecosystem mosaic's ability to both maintain physical health and guarantee the supply of the Ecosystem Services (ES) necessary for human communities. In order to spatially quantify ecosystem health, an integrated evaluation of land use land cover (LULC) change and ecosystem services modelling was implemented. The analysis revealed that during 1987–2005, there was a slight decline in the mean regional ecosystem health that occurred in Gorgan Township (−0.86), especially within urban vegetation and suburban areas. The built-up areas and expansion of agricultural fields into natural lands were influential factors affecting the overall regional ecosystem health value. Our result showed that among all the ecosystem health indicators, ecosystem resilience and ecosystem vigour were the most important factors positively and negatively influenced the REH in the study area. Relations between land use patterns, Ecosystem Health (EH), and ES in the study area indicate high intricacy of the structure-functional interaction within the landscape. Providing local managers with their integrative model may become a useful tool for efficient natural resource management on the one hand, and the protection of valuable ecosystems on the other.

In Africa's Great Lakes region, many rural communities face serious challenges including chronic poverty, lack of infrastructure, high unemployment, inadequate education systems and healthcare services, as well as a fundamental absence of public social protection mechanisms. In some contexts, rural dwellers suffer from the additional burden of armed conflict and political violence. Yet, rural populations show remarkable indications of resilience and exhibit innovative ways of handling their problems by themselves. Some of these approaches can be qualified as social innovations. With its focus on the role of social work in rural social innovation processes, this article aims to contribute to some under-researched aspects at the intersection of social innovation, rural studies, and social work practice. Empirical evidence of rural social innovations is based on a regional study on indigenous and innovative models of problem solving in five African countries. Here, the focus is on two case examples from Uganda and Rwanda. For Uganda, a community-based concept of household clusters to promote rural development called akabondo is presented. The example from Rwanda is called umugoroba w'ababyeyi and refers to a family strengthening and community development program that has been mainstreamed into government policies. This model is located in the challenging context of a post-genocide society. A critical analysis of these models refers to the question whether they fall into the category of a social innovation; to major players in implementing such innovations; to their impact on rural communities and the wider society; as well as to challenges facing such innovations.

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs; e.g., MBSR, MBCT, ACT) have been widely used and disseminated for treatment of myriad physical and psychological problems. However, most MBIs have primarily been used with middle-or upper-class White populations, with some instances where they have been adapted for use with diverse populations (e.g., Burnett-Zeigler et al., 2016 , Roth and Robbins, 2004 ). However, even when adapted, most MBIs have not explicitly addressed unique factors faced by the target population, such as racial discrimination, unemployment, lack of financial means, and other stressors. We developed and used an iterative approach to refine a MBI group based on MBSR and MBCT, for a racially and ethnically diverse population in the Bronx, considered by the U.S. census to be the most diverse in the country. Based on a trauma-informed care and centering people of color approach, we developed a longer than usual (16 weeks) mindfulness-based group, where core skills were broken down into smaller chunks to facilitate easier incorporation into daily life. We also used a longer duration and 1-hour weekly meeting time keeping in mind needs of the individuals, who often had limited time to participate due to work limitations and other comorbid physical conditions. While acknowledging that the individuals this group was catering to had experienced multiple traumatic events, we sought to also highlight and further develop the resilience and courage people in the Bronx community bring to the table. We review two clinically rich case vignettes, and also discuss recommendations for working with racially and economically marginalized people, and include a call to action for health care providers and organizations to engage in activism.

Social behavior involves many processes including cognitive functions. Altered social behaviors associated with many psychiatric disorders might have alterations in the processes. Poor social environment affects development and maturation of cognitive functions that are important for social cognition, possibly introducing social stress as well as vulnerability to the stress into the developing brain. Adolescence and early adulthood have higher sensitivity to social stress, which may be linked to the onset of psychiatric disorders during this time period. Understanding social behavioral processes in detail will be crucial for elucidating mechanisms of emerging the social behavior phenotypes in psychiatric disorders and for devising therapeutic and preventive interventions to introduce the resilience for the onset of psychiatric disorders through modulation of social circuitries.

Background In the UK, Core Surgical Training (CST) marks the start of a surgical career, but previous experience and skills vary widely. Whilst Individual hospital Trusts offer local inductions, these are generally of a generic, administrative nature rather than advising trainees on how best to harness training opportunities. We designed a regional induction programme, ‘Building Excellence in Surgical Training’ (BEST) to address this, develop essential technical and non-technical skills, and engender support networks. Methods All incoming London Core Surgical Trainees (annual cohort size 90) were invited to participate, during the week prior to commencement of training. Trainees undertook 3 modules (portfolio, surgical skills and human factors-based simulation) and a research paper presentation day. We collected qualitative and quantitative data through a structured evaluation form, pre and post course Likert-scale scores and self-assessment utilising the non-technical skills for surgeons (NOTSS) framework. Results 972 CSTs have completed BEST over the past 12 years. In 2019, significant improvements were seen in: confidence for starting CST, 45% (n = 22/49)-83% (n = 33/40,p = 0.00045); feeling the core programme cared about them, 55% (n = 27/49)-98% (n = 41/42, p = Conclusion BEST equips trainees with the fundamental skills and confidence to safely embark on surgical training and provides tools to navigate the challenges training presents. The ethos of collaboration and support will aid the development of more resilient and empowered surgeons, vital in this era.

With 76% of the total main workforce in agriculture and more than 50% small and medium landowning households, the village provides an important case study for understanding agrarian resilience. The conceptualisation of resilience has been majorly confined to a system or a territorial boundary. Agrarian resilience too is commonly assumed to be driven by forces within the agriculture and the rural. i.e. land ownership remains constant, the labour of the peasantry is spatially limited to agriculture, the capital is generated within agriculture and the networks and skills of the peasantry is also confined to agriculture. This has underscored the role of factors and processes working outside the agriculture in conceptualising agrarian resilience. While the primacy of the agrarian processes cannot be denied, there are often processes working outside an agrarian system that can also enable resilience. i.e. the rural workforce can diversify its labour outside agriculture in the urban non-farm sector, capital can also be generated from sources outside the agriculture. In this context, using the case study of a village dominated by small and medium landowning households in the Patiala district of Punjab in India, the paper shows that resilience is driven by processes both within and outside agriculture.

Living in isolation is considered an emerging societal problem that negatively affects the physical wellbeing of its sufferers in ways that we are just starting to appreciate. This study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of social isolation in mice, utilising a two-week program of sole cage occupancy followed by the testing of immune-inflammatory resilience to bacterial sepsis. Our results revealed that mice housed in social isolation showed an increased ability to clear bacterial infection compared to control socially housed animals. These effects were associated with specific changes in whole blood gene expression profile and an increased production of classical pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, equipping socially isolated mice with artificial nests as a substitute for their natural huddling behaviour reversed the increased resistance to bacterial sepsis. Together these results suggest that the control of body temperature through social housing and huddling behaviour are important factors in the regulation of the host immune response to infection in mice and might provide another example of the many ways by which living conditions influence immunity.

Objective Challenging patient encounters contribute to physician burnout, though little is known about how these impact hospitalists specifically. This study explores how hospitalists characterize challenging patient encounters and their impact on hospitalist well-being to inform organizational efforts. Methods We conducted a qualitative, descriptive study with 15 physician hospitalist faculty at two locations, a tertiary academic and safety-net hospital, utilizing a conceptual framework based on the Stanford Wellness Framework for physician resilience around challenging patient encounters. Results Two themes emerged: feelings of helplessness and time-consuming encounters. Helplessness was associated with systems issues, misaligned patient/provider goals, and violence. Time-consuming encounters were due to systems issues, misaligned goals requiring prolonged conversations, and patient factors. These factors were found to negatively impact hospitalist well-being. Resilience strategies included developing and teaching empathy and seeking expert/colleague opinion through debriefing, peer-to-peer interactions, and external resources. Conclusions Organizational strategies to support hospitalists in the context of challenging patient encounters require a multifaceted approach: improved system processes, fostering a local culture of empathy-building, and supporting peer-to-peer relationships and debriefing mechanisms. Practice implications Enhanced communication around system process improvements and culture of wellness, in addition to communication skills and mindfulness, could improve hospitalist well-being.

the psychological state of parents, who are considered the primary caregivers of a sick child, can affect the child's behavior and emotions. This study analyzed the effectiveness of self-compassion training on hopelessness and resilience in the parents of children with cancer.this was an experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all parents of children with cancer hospitalized in Amir Kabir Hospital of Arak in 2020. The research sample consisted of 30 parents of children with cancer selected through convenience sampling. The participants were equally divided into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups at random. The research instruments were the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The experimental group underwent eight 90 min sessions of self-compassion training on a weekly basis. Finally, the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was employed for data analysis.the mean (±SD) of the post-test scores of hopelessness and resilience were reported 10.20 (±4.95) and 43.33 (±4.27), respectively, in the experimental group, whereas they were reported 13.78 (±4.94) and 38.73 (±4.07), respectively, in the control group. According to the results, self-compassion training had significant effects on the resilience and hopelessness of the parents of children with cancer (p 0.01). Self-compassion training had a positive, significant effect on their resilience. It was also efficient in decreasing their hopelessness.self-compassion training improved resilience and mitigated hopelessness in the parents of children with cancer.

This article explores the socio-spatial interactions of a micro-community in a cluster-house concept apartment. The apartment has been designed for retreat and co-living by mehr als wohnen housing cooperative in Zurich, Switzerland. The methodology of investigation is a qualitative case study, through which housing narratives of three residents as representatives of this communal household are analyzed. In addition, on-site visits and observations, document analyses, and desktop studies are conducted. The originality of the research is in its approach of examining a micro-society through the residential community's authentic stories, which are in the context of normal times and the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings reveal that the social bonds of the studied cluster cohousing community are significantly maintained through the intermediate zones of the cluster-house arrangement. This socio-spatial interaction has activated the potentials of social innovation and housing resilience in an urban context. The research also highlights points of conflicts and insights for future cluster-concept apartment developments.

Background This study aims to allow the development of efficient measures to improve occupational health of shift-working nurses focusing on job stress, health promotion behavior, resilience, and sleep disturbance. Methods It was conducted on a subject panel of 137 nurses who were aware of the purpose of the study and agreed to participate. They worked three shifts at a tertiary hospital or a general hospital located in metropolitan city B. The collected data were analyzed by the independent t test and one-way analysis of variance and post-tested by Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results The significant influencing factors on sleep disturbance were of those whose subjective health status was ‘normal’ (β = 0.29, p Conclusion Through this study, nurses' subjective health status and job stress of working shifts were found to be important factors influencing the sleep disturbance level, and the most influencing factor was identified as the subjective health status.

To ensure reproductive success, flowering plants produce an excess of pollen to fertilize a limited number of ovules. Pollen grains mature into two distinct subpopulations - those that display high metabolic activity and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels immediately after hydration (high-ROS/active), and those that maintain an extended period of dormancy with low metabolic activity (low-ROS/inactive/arrested/dormant). We propose that the dormant pollen serves as a backup to provide a second chance for successful fertilization when the 'first wave' of pollen encounters an unpredictable growth condition such as heat stress. This model provides a framework for considering the role of dormancy in reproductive stress tolerance as well as strategies for mitigating pollen thermovulnerability to daytime and night-time warming that is associated with global climate change.

The Covid-19 outbreak has taken a substantial toll on the mental and physical wellbeing of healthcare workers (HCWs), impacting healthcare systems at a global scale. One year into the pandemic, the need to establish the prevalence of sleep dysfunction and psychological distress in the face of COVID-19, identify risk and protective factors and explore effective countermeasures remains of critical importance. Despite implicit limitations relating to the quality of available studies, a plethora of evidence to-date suggests that a considerable proportion of HCWs experience significant sleep disturbances (estimated to afflict every two in five HCWs) as well as mood symptoms (with more than one in five reporting high levels of depression or anxiety). Younger age, female gender, frontline status, fear or risk of infection, occupation, current or past mental health concerns, and a lower level of social support were all associated with a greater risk of disturbed sleep and adverse psychological outcomes. Furthermore, we discuss the link between sleep deprivation, susceptibility to viral infections and psychosocial wellbeing, in relevance to COVID-19 and summarize the existing evidence regarding the presence and predictors of traumatic stress/PTSD and burnout in HCWs. Finally, we highlight the role of resilience and tailored interventions in order to mitigate vulnerability and prevent long-term physical and psychological implications. Indeed, promoting psychological resilience through an enhanced social support network has proven crucial for HCWs in coping under these strenuous circumstances. Future research should aim to provide high quality information on the long-term consequences and the effectiveness of applied interventions.

Students in graduate nursing programs balance family and work responsibilities with rigorous didactic and clinical courses. These demands can impact academic success and health. Graduates of our master’s in nursing and post-master’s doctor of nursing practice programs were surveyed to explore the personal stressors they experienced during their educational programs and changes in their health and health promotion habits. Personal time, sleep, exercise, relationships, and finances were negatively affected. Students described high levels of anxiety and stress. Approximately half contemplated quitting. Resources for mental health, resilience, and self-care are needed.

Background Spine surgeons are usually exposed to high workload and demanding work conditions. Although the relationship between pharmacological neuroenhancement (PNE) and resilience (i.e., the ability to recover from stress), as well as perceived stress and resilience-enhancing factors, has been investigated in the general population, less is known about the impact of those factors in spine surgeons. This study aimed to close that gap by investigating the relationship between PNE use and resilience, perceived stress, or resilience-enhancing factors in spine surgeons. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a sample of 582 spine surgeons in German-speaking countries (Austria, Germany, and Switzerland). Potentially predictive variables as well as the use of PNE were assessed by self-report questionnaires. We conducted stepwise logistic regression with backward elimination to assess the relationship among PNE use, perceived stress, resilience, and resilience-enhancing factors. Results Lifetime prevalence for PNE use was 5.7%, with highest prevalence rates for antidepressants (2.6%). Each additional unit on the Perceived Stress Scale increased the risk for PNE use (odds ratio, 2.271; 95% confidence interval, 0.1.363–3.785; P = 0.002). No statistically significant results were found for the individual ability to recover from stress or resilience-enhancing factors. Conclusions Spine surgeons with higher levels of stress seem to be more prone to nonmedical use of PNE. Tailored interventions may improve the ability to cope with high perceived stress and prevent the use of PNE. Further research should examine the efficacy of those interventions on the prevention of PNE in spine surgeons.

This paper discusses relevant research on structured therapy techniques used in the course of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) that are helpful in treating older adults with depressive disorders. These findings are compared and contrasted with clinical observations pertinent to the identification of moderator/mediator and other contextual factors critical to the efficacy of CBT for the treatment of this population. While some of these techniques may be viewed as a specific type of intervention in their own right (e.g., Behavioral Activation and Lifeskills Approach), their underlying theory and specific operations are consistent with the underpinnings of other cognitive and behavioral strategies and may be frequently juxtaposed within a CBT framework, depending on the nature of the problem and the specific available resources. Several common issues identified as being problematic for clinicians new to clinical work with older adults are highlighted, and useful information on how to adapt/modify traditional CBT approaches to augment treatment outcome with older adults is provided. Clinicians who use CBT will be familiar with most components discussed, but one novel augmentation towards the development of an age-appropriate format of CBT, termed Lifeskills Approach, is included. In this approach, clinicians are encouraged to identify and incorporate evidence of prior successful coping strategies to challenges that occur across the lifespan. This approach values and respects how clients have overcome aversive life experiences to facilitate attentional deployment away from a narrative of failure to one of resilience and self-acceptance, thereby down-regulating emotional distress. An important consideration discussed is how to use behavioral activation effectively, particularly with persons who have mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or are in the early stages of dementia.

Individual differences and early life experiences have a profound effect on later socioemotional functioning. Therefore, it is important to reflect on the emerging trends to understand the ontogeny of the social brain. Developmental trajectories are influenced by the interactive nature of individual variation in temperament and bio-behavioral development, environmental context and parent socialization processes. Research that integrates genetic and epigenetic antecedents to mental health will be highlighted, including those impacting emotional development. One novel component of this work is the study of social emotions such as empathy and jealousy. The ability of the parents to provide a supportive environment in which the infant can learn healthy relationship formation and retention skills will be underscored as the foundation of socioemotional adaptability for the dynamic social child. This review will highlight recent paradigms that inform an appreciation of the in utero and infancy periods that are foundational for social brain development.

IntroductionThe psychological wellbeing of healthcare workers has been impacted by the high levels of stress many have experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a brief online course focused on introducing skills that could increase resilience and decreases emotional distress in healthcare workers during the pandemic.Materials and MethodsEmployees of a large healthcare system completed a survey at baseline, one month, and two months later. The online course, called Resilience Training for Healthcare Workers, consists of three 12-20 minute videos focused on evidence-based skills that support aspects of emotional resilience: mindfulness, mentalization, and self-compassion.ResultsA total of 554 participants completed the baseline survey, endorsing moderate to high levels of emotional distress. Of those who completed all three assessments and participated in the course (n = 38), significant improvements in resilience and reductions in emotional distress were found across two months, in comparison to those who did not participate in the course.DiscussionThese findings suggest that a brief, online intervention can improve the mental health of healthcare workers during a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

The hidden epidemic of burnout exacts a staggering toll on professionals and patients, reflected in increased risk of medical errors, complications, and staff turnover. For surgeons, nurses, and other team members working at the sharp end of care, adverse events can amplify work exhaustion, interpersonal disengagement, and risk of moral adversity. Visionary leaders are not content to mitigate burnout and moral injury; they elevate the human experience throughout health care by modeling wellness, fostering moral courage, promoting safety of professionals, and restoring joy in work. Part 3, Health Professional Wellness and Resilience, introduces the final pillar for advancing the clinical mission.

Food production, distribution and consumption are necessary dimensions of existence and simultaneously exposed to a number of ecological and social fragilities, especially in the contemporary crisis. The reconfiguration of unsustainable systems of food provisioning is thus a priority, geared towards resilience, ecology and equity. Alternative forms of procurement have been part of this effort and a debate is now emerging on whether digital platforms might promote access to them. Yet, an in-depth interrogation of the ways in which digital food consumption becomes part of everyday routines is largely missing. The objective of our article is to understand if and how digitalisation makes alternative provisioning more “practicable”, allowing consumers to engage in what they consider healthier and more sustainable food practices. In so doing, we also look at platforms’ transformative potentials. Their design and ongoing practicing, in fact, not only capture existing needs, but actively shape the overall meanings, material organisation and embodied interactions with everyday food. Our analysis is based on 23 in-depth ethnographic and multimedia interviews with consumers living in Milan, who utilise online alternative forms of food provisioning.

Objectives This study aimed to assess the level of resilience and related factors among patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A cross-sectional was used to determine the factors associated with the level of resilience. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 134 patients with coronary heart disease who attended the out-patients cardiology clinics at two leading public hospitals in Jordan from July to September 2017. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was used to collect the data via a face-to-face structured interview. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were used to analyze the data. Results The results showed a moderate level of resilience among patients with coronary heart diseases. Patients who reported having no history of a cardiac procedure reported a higher total resilience score (69.50 [63.25, 75.00] vs. 65.50 [58.00, 72.00]) and a higher score in dimension 1,“personal competence, high standards, and tenacity” than their counterparts (22.00 [18.50, 26.00] vs. 21.00 [15.75, 23.00]) (P

Background Childhood anxiety and depression lead to great distress and impairment. Preventing them simultaneously in early life is critically important. We evaluated the long-term efficacy of an emotion regulation-based (ER) and a behavioural activation-based (BA) program. Both aimed to build resilience to prevent worry, a transdiagnostic feature across anxiety and depression. Methods Participants were 316 students (52.2% female; 8–13 years) from six South Australian primary schools. Schools were randomised to the ER, BA or a control condition. Measures of resilience, worry, anxiety, and depression were taken at pre- and post- program, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. In addition, levels of emotion regulation, behavioural activation and resilience were measured as potential mediators of changes in anxiety and depression. Results No significant condition × time interactions were observed. However, the percentage of children who met the clinical cut-offs for generalised anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder decreased significantly in the BA condition at 12-month follow-up, as well as the percentage of children who met the clinical cut-off for obsessive compulsive disorder in the ER condition. Furthermore, emotion regulation mediated the relationship between condition and worry at post-program in the ER condition. Limitations The sample size is relatively small. Reliance on child self-report may have resulted in inaccurate responses. Conclusion The ER and BA transdiagnostic prevention programs for childhood anxiety and depression showed promising results for certain anxiety disorders not otherwise observed in universal school-based studies. Future research should consider evaluating the programs with a larger sample using alternative outcome measures.

Objectives Little empirical research exists on how key stakeholders involved in the provision of care for chronic conditions and policy planning perceive the indirect or ‘spillover’ effects of the COVID-19 on non-COVID patients. This study aims to explore stakeholder experiences and perspectives of the impact of COVID-19 on the provision of care for chronic conditions, evolving modalities of care and stakeholder suggestions for improving health system resilience to prepare for future pandemics. Design Qualitative study design. Setting and participants This study was conducted during and after COVID-19 lockdown period in Singapore. We recruited a purposive sample of 51 stakeholders involved in care of non-COVID patients and/or policy planning for chronic disease management. They included healthcare professionals (micro-level), hospital management officers (meso-level) and government officials (macro-level). Methods In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Results Optimal provision of care for chronic diseases may be compromised through the following processes: lack of ‘direct’ communication between colleagues on clinical cases resulting in rescheduling of patient visits; uncertainty in diagnostic decisions due to protocol revision and lab closure; and limited preparedness to handle non-COVID patients’ emotional reactions. While various digital innovations enhanced access to care, a digital divide exists due to uneven digital literacy and perceived data security risks, thereby hampering wider implementation. To build health system resilience, stakeholders suggested the need to integrate digital care into the IT ecosystem, develop strategic public-private partnerships for chronic disease management, and give equal attention to the provision of holistic psychosocial and community support for vulnerable non-COVID patients. Conclusions and Implications Findings highlight that strategies to deliver quality chronic care for non-COVID patients in times of public health crisis should include innovative care practices and institutional reconfiguration within the broader health system context., To mitigate spillover effects of COVID-19 on chronic care, more attention should be devoted to digital care ecosystem, strategic public-private partnerships and psychosocial support for vulnerable non-COVID patients.

Solar-powered irrigation system, a low-cost option, ensures varieties of co-benefits both in the domains of climate mitigation and adaptation, and thus has been incorporated as a part of climate project. However, its co-benefits in climate adaptation have not been sufficiently explored, which may result in a lack of insights about co-benefits and prevent wider roll-out and scaling-up. This paper aims at exploring co-benefits of solar-powered irrigation, an adaptation measure, taking a project in a drought-prone area of the northwest part of Bangladesh as a case. Using both interviews and focused group discussion, this research finds that besides generating co-benefits in climate mitigation, there are substantial adaptation co-benefits in various forms including vulnerability reduction and enhancement of resilience. However, many of the co-benefits in climate adaptation are indirect and less visible and realizable in the long-term, such as informal social group formation, improved financial strength, and employment opportunity. Making co-benefits more visible among various stakeholders, and launching a feed-in option may help to scale up solar-powered irrigation.

When it comes to raising money via crowdfunding, the language used in campaign narratives matters. Little practical guidance has been offered to those wishing to use crowdfunding concerning how to tailor the language in a crowdfunding campaign to enhance funding prospects. We take insights generated in academic research and distill those down to practical guidance for crowdfunding users. Here, we focus on two important aspects of language. First, we highlight how language that provides insight into the entrepreneurs’ personality—words expressing positivity, charisma, resilience, or narcissism—relates to funding. Second, we outline how various linguistic styles used to describe the general topics of the campaign relate to funding. Our work is particularly applicable to one of the most popular forms of crowdfunding: rewards-based crowdfunding.

Child trauma is a serious societal problem. At least one trauma is reported by two-thirds of American children and adolescents Despite children's inherent resilience, trauma exposure is associated with increased risk for medical and mental health problems including posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and attempted and completed suicide. Early identification and treatment of traumatized children can prevent these potentially serious and long-term negative outcomes.

Objective This study aimed to explore whether aiding Wuhan experience of nurses was associated with adverse mental health outcome one year after the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Methods In this study, 100 nurses with and 100 nurses without aiding Wuhan experience a year ago were enrolled from February 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021 in Zhejiang Province, China. Depression, anxiety, insomnia, distress and psychological resilience of participants was assessed and analyzed. Results A total of 100 participants from 112 aiding Wuhan nurses completed the survey, with a response rate of 89.3%. Another 100 nurses from the same hospitals without aiding Wuhan experience were enrolled as controls. In both groups, a considerable proportion of participants reported symptoms of depression (46.0% for the aiding Wuhan group vs. 49.0% for the controls, similarly hereinafter), anxiety (40.0% vs. 38.0%), and PTSD (61.0% vs. 56.0%). Aiding Wuhan nurses were more likely to suffer from insomnia (41.0% vs. 29.0%, P = 0.041). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that aiding Wuhan experience was not associated with depression (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.22; 95%CI, 0.05–1.01), anxiety (AOR 0.53; 95%CI, 0.12–2.43), insomnia (AOR 1.52; 95%CI, 0.76–3.02), PTSD (AOR 0.50; 95%CI, 0.19–1.34), or resilience (AOR 1.59; 95%CI, 0.78–3.26). Resilience was negatively correlated with depression, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD. Conclusions This survey indicated that aiding Wuhan experience a year ago did not cause additional adverse mental health outcomes in nurses, expect for insomnia. The psychological status of nurses in general calls for more attention.

Firing restrictions are in use throughout the developed world but their role in the transmission of macroeconomic shocks into the real economy is mostly unstudied. We illustrate the theoretical role of these policies as amplifiers of macroeconomic shocks via labor-misallocation-induced output losses following an adverse shock. We use our model to derive an aggregation result which features a labor misallocation term and conduct a simulation exercise which demonstrates how misallocation can drive total factor productivity (TFP) down during recessions. We then perform a quasi-natural experiment which utilizes global credit supply shocks to study this amplifying role using a panel of 21 OECD economies. We show that strict firing restrictions are associated with a weaker initial response of the labor market, which is followed by a stronger and more persistent decline in real output as well as a slower return of real activity to pre-shock levels. The stronger output decline can be mostly explained by a stronger fall in aggregate TFP, which supports our theoretical predictions.

Introduction This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the experiences of workplace violence involving emergency nurses and to identify the factors influencing the response to violence on the basis of the stress-coping theory formulated by Lazarus and Folkman. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, a structured questionnaire was administered to measure the experience of violence, perceived stress, coping actions after violence, resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), and responses to violence. The participants were 131 nurses who were working in the emergency departments in 9 of 11 general hospitals in 2 cities in South Korea. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t tests, analyses of variance, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Results The most frequent type of violence was verbal violence, and the main offender involved in all types of violence was the patient. The methods for coping with violence were mainly passive, and emotional responses were the most frequently reported response to violence. In the final model (explanatory power = 41.5%), with response to violence as the dependent variable, the effects of the experience of violence disappeared, and only the effects of perceived stress and resilience remained. Discussion The results of this study suggest that internal factors such as perceived stress and resilience have a more meaningful effect on the response to violence than the experience of violence itself. The findings are expected to serve as assessment data for preparing interventions and policies around prevention of, and effective coping regarding, workplace violence toward emergency nurses.

Background Adolescent depression can severely interfere with age-appropriate and lifetime development and functionality. Physical functioning in daily life (as a means of individual support) as well as social support from family and friends have been shown to enhance adolescent resilience against depression. By applying a multisystemic model of resilience, this study investigates how these resources reciprocally influence each other and how they interact with depression over time. Methods Longitudinal data (three assessments over three years) from the Resilient Youth in Stressed Environments project was analyzed using panel network analysis to investigate short- and long-term uni- and bidirectional effects. The sample consisted of N = 500 adolescents from Canada (mean age = 18.49, SD = 3.01, 56.40% young women) at the first assessment. Results Depression seemed to fluctuate, while the resources showed significant stability over the course of the study. Perceived family and friend support were not significantly influenced by depression while they had significantly negative temporal effects on depression. Only physical functioning showed a negative feedback loop, notably with somatic symptoms of depression. Family and friend support shared a reinforcing feedback loop, while physical functioning was not related to either type of support. Limitations Future studies should address the low average of depressive symptomatology and subjective, global measures of social support. Conclusions The resources show potential time-dependent effects: symptom-specific resources need to be applied in the short-term, while a pool of multisystemic resilience resources seems necessary over the long-term to increase the resilience to depression among adolescents.

Objective To test a model comprising explanatory (neurologic impairment, coping, personality) and mediating (resilience, self-efficacy, hope, social support) variables on psychological adjustment and burden among family caregivers of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) vs spinal cord injury (SCI). Design Structural equation modeling with multigroup analysis. Setting Six rehabilitation centers across New South Wales and Queensland, Australia. Participants A total of 181 family members (N=181; 131 TBI, 50 SCI). Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Ways of Coping Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Herth Hope Scale, Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey; and 4 measures of psychological adjustment including: Caregiver Burden Scale, Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36), General Health Questionnaire-28, and Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Results The model for the aggregated sample demonstrated a very good model fit (χ2=47.42, df=39, ρ=0.167, normed fit index=.962, incremental fit index=.993, Tucker-Lewis index=.985, comparative fit index=.993, root-mean-squared error of approximation=.035). Multi-group analysis found significant commonalities in the pattern of relationships among variables across the 2 groups. In the only differences found, neuroticism was significantly more influential on burden in family members supporting individuals with TBI than family members of individuals with SCI. Furthermore, problem-focused coping was statistically more influential on positive affect in family members of individuals with TBI when compared with family members of individuals with SCI. Conclusions The study found significant similarities in the patterns of resilience and psychological adjustment among family caregivers of individuals with TBI and SCI.

Background Previous COVID-19 pandemic research has focused on assessing the severity of psychological responses to pandemic-related stressors. Little is understood about (a) resilience as a mental health protective factor during these stressors, and (b) whether families from Eastern and Western cultures cope differently. This study examines how individual resilience and family resilience moderate the associations between pandemic-related stressors and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in two culturally distinct regions. Methods A total of 1,039 adults (442 from Minnesota, United States, and 597 from Hong Kong) living with at least one family member completed an online survey about COVID-19-related experiences, mental health, individual resilience and family resilience from May 20 to June 30, 2020. Predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were examined separately using hierarchical regression analyses. Results In both regions, pandemic-related stressors predicted higher symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Individual resilience and two domains of family resilience were associated with positive mental health. In Minnesota, higher levels of individual resilience buffered the negative relationship between pandemic-related stressors and depressive symptoms; higher levels of family communication and problem solving also buffered the negative relationship between pandemic-related stressors and stress symptoms. In Hong Kong, higher family-level positive outlook magnified the negative relationship between pandemic-related stressors and anxiety symptoms. Conclusions Individual and family resilience is protective against the adverse psychological effects of pandemic stressors, but they vary across cultures and as exposure to pandemic-related stressors increases.

The Chinese equity market plummeted and was roiled in crisis with the rapid spread of COVID-19 in the first quarter of 2020, but it also exhibits great resilience when the pandemic is gradually under control in China. In this study, we try to quantify the influence of regional COVID-19 outbreaks in 31 provinces on the stock returns of local listed firms by using a difference-in-difference framework. To our limited knowledge, we are the first to study provincial equity market performance during the spread of COVID-19. We show that when there is a COVID-19 outbreak in a province, treated firms first underperform by daily lower returns of 0.54% but abruptly regain their value by daily higher returns of 0.76%. Even though strict lockdown restrictions deteriorate economic prosperity, negative effects on firm values are only temporary in a maximum 20-trading-day window. Our results are also robust when subsamples of provinces and companies are considered.

Since social capital permeated the conceptualization of “community” in the early 1990s, evidence has mounted as to its significance for water and sanitation projects. But understanding how to apply knowledge of social capital towards sustainable development has lagged far behind. To address this gap, we combined insights from household surveys, semi-structured interviews, performance evaluations, and extensive field observations into comparative case narratives of six community-managed drinking water treatment plants built through an NGO initiative in Honduras. The aim was to not only measure social capital but to use those measurements as a framework to understand how social capital affected each project. Our findings suggest that social capital amplified or hindered plant performance through three key mediating mechanisms: Resource mobilization; resilience to change and conflict; and participation and communication. Plant performance, in turn, influenced community social capital by affecting the relationship between the NGO and community and community residents' trust in the project. These mechanisms constitute a feedback loop by which relative levels of social capital and water system operation are mutually reinforcing. Drawing on our results, we propose four accessible proxies and four initial strategies practitioners can use to operationalize social capital scholarship and identify and disrupt negative patterns during the project cycle. We encourage additional translational research to leverage the ever-growing knowledge of social capital into improved outcomes in practice.

Many cities are turning to greening efforts to increase resilience, but such efforts often favor privileged groups, thereby resulting in injustices. In this systematic review, we analyze 71 place-based studies of green infrastructure (GI) justice in cities worldwide. We draw from environmental justice scholarship, as well as climate and water justice literature to assess the state-of-the-art knowledge of urban GI justice. We examine the way GI is researched to improve our understanding of the types of injustices that exist in GI planning, siting, and implementation, providing rich insights into why injustices exist and pathways to address GI injustice. We find that research on GI justice in cities is growing and expanding its scope in terms of both the types of justice issues analyzed, and the groups of people excluded from the benefits of GI. We find that GI injustice stems from a history of unequal investment and non-participatory decision-making processes, where the unequal distribution of GI is only the “tip of the iceberg”. To address GI injustice around distribution, cities would have to offset a decades-long lack of investment and inclusivity in decision-making processes. Pathways to achieve GI justice point to assessing unbalanced power structures, directing continuous funding to community engagement programs and greening efforts, leveraging existing infrastructure through the multifunctionality of GI, and dedicating funding mechanisms for safety and maintenance. Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research is needed to integrate the different dimensions of GI that are tailored to the community on the ground, and to monitor progress toward justice.

Background The outbreak of COVID-19 and the physical isolation measures taken by the governments to reduce its propagation might have negative psychological consequences on the population. In this study, we aimed to explore, for the first time, how mental health status fluctuated along the weeks of the emergency state in Portugal, and to identify which factors may shape these changes in mental health outcomes. Methods To this end, we conducted an online survey to evaluate demographic, lifestyle and mental health variables (DASS-21 and quality of life) in the Portuguese population at three different time-points. 748 participants (mean age = 39.52, % females = 79.95) provided data at all time-points. Results We observed that depression, anxiety and stress symptoms seemed to improve as the weeks passed during the state of emergency, while the perception of quality of life and sleep got worse. In particular, being female, younger, actively working, and extroverted appear to be protective factors of mental health adaptability during this particular period. On the contrary, having a psychiatric diagnosis or physical illness, and higher neuroticism seem to be risk factors for mental health worsening. Limitations The lack of a more diverse sample could limit the generalizability of our results, and other factors that were not considered in our analysis might also have a significant impact on mental health. Conclusions Our results provide relevant and novel insights about the course of mental health changes and its predictors during the outbreak of COVID-19, which may help identify potential vulnerability groups.

Pressure to facilitate the flow of commodities and capital across global and national markets has translated into narratives and programs prioritizing integration and development of forested regions. The 2009 World Bank Development Report argues that to reduce distance, infrastructure development is crucial. The infrastructure imperative, however, reworks a broader array of investment flows, property regimes, forest cover, and socio-political rights across scales as it drives increases in the speed of commodity extraction, production, mobility, and consumption. With illustrations from Amazonia and Selva Maya, the paper proposes ‘tradescapes’ as a useful framework to analyze infrastructure projects as part of multi-scalar mega-corridor networks and financial flows. Tradescapes transform relations between society, territory, and environment, with implications for infrastructure governance, resilience, and sustainability.

Background Neurobiological measures may inform our understanding of individual differences in adolescents’ general risk for and resilience to depressive symptoms, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. We tested a developmental model linking variation in amygdala–subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) resting-state connectivity to perceived parenting experiences earlier in adolescence, to concurrent depressive symptoms before the pandemic, and to subsequent depressive symptoms during the pandemic. Methods We used data from a longitudinal study that included three waves (N = 214 adolescents; ages 9–15 years at time 1 [T1], 11–17 years at T2, and 12–19 years during the pandemic at T3). We assessed positive parenting (warm and supportive) (T1), depressive symptoms (T1 to T3), and functional connectivity between the sgACC and basolateral (BLA) and centromedial amygdala (T1 and T2). We modeled associations among earlier positive parenting, amygdala–sgACC connectivity, and depressive symptoms before and during the pandemic. Results Less positive parenting at T1 was associated prospectively with stronger BLA–sgACC connectivity at T2 (β = −0.22) over and above the effect of BLA–sgACC connectivity at T1. Stronger BLA–sgACC connectivity, in turn, was associated with heightened depressive symptoms, both before the pandemic (r = 0.21) and during the pandemic (β = 0.19; independent of the effect of pre-pandemic symptoms). Conclusions Adolescents who experience less positive parenting may develop a pattern of BLA–sgACC connectivity that increases their risk for mental health problems. BLA–sgACC connectivity may be associated with depressive symptoms in general, including during periods of heightened risk for adolescents, such as the pandemic.

Summary In this Personal View, we examine how the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and lived experiences of disability can deepen understanding of four key features of climate-resilient development: social justice and equity as normative goals; the ethical underpinnings of social choices; the inequitable relations that drive marginalisation; and the ways in which society navigates uncertainty through inclusive and contestatory politics. A disability lens not only helps to understand how marginalisation generates vulnerability; it also helps to elaborate the ethic of solidarity as underpinning social choices and steering development towards climate-resilient pathways. Social justice concerns non-discrimination and equitable participation in everyday informal arenas, as well as formal decision making processes. The resilience knowledges of disabled people help to rethink sustainable development by expounding human interdependence and everyday problem solving in the face of uncertainties. They also contribute to opening up climate change decision making and knowledge processes in ways crucial to engendering transformative change. Embracing human diversity by recognising dignity and capacity is required to counter othering and marginalisation, ensure human wellbeing and planetary health, and achieve socially just development. As such, solidarity is not just a normative goal, but also a means of building climate-resilient development.

Understanding how farmers perceive and manage critical decision points in response to challenges and opportunities can help to develop effective support for resilient European farming systems. Individual narratives of farm stories provide insight into important management changes over time and the context in which they were made. We analyse 46 personal narratives from family farms across a range of farming systems in five European countries and use comparative thematic analysis to identify these change drivers and responses to them. Pressures within the family and the farming business (caused by health problems or intergenerational transition) were more important to narrators than external drivers such as extreme weather events and price fluctuations. The latter, perceived as outside the control of the farmer, were regarded as background noise requiring no significant business changes. While different resilience responses (robustness, adaptation, and transformation) were revealed, these categories were fluid depending on individual capacities, farm resources and the overall setting. Farms could appear robust but, over time, small changes in management could cumulate to adapt or even transform the management and scope of the business. Policy-related conclusions include a need for more flexible, tailored farm support and more coherent long-term strategies to manage intergenerational transition on farms.

Dairy farming is physically hard, with limited freedom due to twice-daily milking duties and low revenues. Moreover, globalization, deregulation and trade liberalization have significantly changed the conditions of dairy farming. How can dairy farmers in this context maintain good quality of life? What makes a life one of good quality? This paper uses a qualitative bottom-up approach to understand Swiss dairy farmers' and their families' individual criteria of quality of life, aiming to reconsider and complement the often used, standardized criteria of quality of life surveys. The analysis of the qualitative interview data reveals the importance of objective non-material as well as subjective components of quality of life. The paper shows that, contrary to what could be expected based on the farmer's ethic of being hardworking over long hours, farmers emphasize ‘time’ as an important criterion of quality of life, referring not only to leisure time, time with the family or time to lie in, but also time to think and plan. The paper further stresses the importance of eudaimonic wellbeing, which is largely missing in standardized quality of life studies on farming families and also some general quality of life concepts. In this regard, the paper highlights the lack of social recognition of farmers and the extent to which pressure and criticism from the non-farming population negatively influences farmers' quality of life. The paper concludes that to fully understand farming families' quality of life and thus the social sustainability of family farming, the subjective dimension of quality of life, especially eudaimonic wellbeing, needs to be fully incorporated in future studies, regardless of their methodological approach. Moreover, alluding to resilience research, the paper urges researchers to include ‘time to think and plan’ into future investigations, assuming that more time for self-reflection increases not only the subjective but also the objective dimension of quality of life.

Objective The current study examined trajectories of anxiety and depression symptoms at three-time points during the COVID-19 pandemic and examined correlates of those trajectories. Design Data were collected at three time points during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants The sample in the current study consisted of 804 respondents who had completed the online questionnaire at all three time points designed for the study. Results Using Latent Growth Mixture Modeling (LGMM) we identified four trajectories: (a) A resilient group reported consistently low levels of symptoms (62% anxiety and 72% depression), (b) a chronic group reported consistently high levels of symptoms (12% anxiety and 14% depression), (c) an emerging group reported low initial symptoms that increased steadily across time (20% anxiety and 13% depression), and (d) an improving group reported high initial symptoms that decreased across time (6% anxiety and 3% depression). Conclusions The salient conclusion that emerged from these results is that even in a severe and prolonged crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the most common outcome in the population is that of resilience. Moreover, examining predictors of these trajectories, we found that the resilience trajectory was associated with fewer economic difficulties due to the COVID-19, greater income, and self-identification as religious.

Publicly-funded programmes of business support are important vehicles for rural development, and over the last two decades, group-based models of business support have become popular, in which dedicated advisors work with small firms in groups, rather than one-to-one mentoring. A fundamental goal of such programmes is to foster enhanced inter-firm knowledge exchange and learning, and improved firm resilience and innovation, through the development of collective trust amongst participants,. Although many studies have investigated the evolution of trust, including in a rural context, to date most research has focused either on the macro-institutional level, or the micro-personal level, with relatively little exploration of how meso-level collective trust may be encouraged amongst groups of participants in rural business support programmes. This paper addresses the gap by exploring the development of collective trust within two group-based rural business support programmes in Northern Ireland. The study reveals that programme design features and the interpersonal style of advisors combined to shape clients' trust in the programmes and their sponsoring institutions, as well as influencing the degrees of goodwill and camaraderie within the client groups themselves.

Aim The aim of the study was to identify the enablers and/or barriers to children visiting their ill parent/carer in intensive care units by examining the visiting policies as practiced or perceived by nurses and experienced or perceived by parents and caregivers. Review method This is a scoping review following Joanna Briggs Institute Protocol Guidelines. Data sources An extensive literature search of Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Excerpta Medica dataBASE databases, using key terms, was conducted between May 2019 and July 2020; studies published between 1990 and 2020 were considered for inclusion. Double screening, extraction, and coding of the data using thematic analysis and frequency counts were used. Results Fifteen barriers, 19 facilitators, nine situationally contingent factors, and six personal judgement considerations were identified that influenced children visiting their ill parent/carer in intensive care units. Most barriers (n = 10) were related to organisational factors including restrictive policies, nurses' level of education, age, working hours, nurses' attitudes, and lack of required skills to promote emotional resilience and/or to communicate with children. Family perception factors relating to parents' perceptions, attitudes and concerns of staff/parents, and anticipated behaviours of children were also identified as both barriers and facilitators. Conclusions There is a lack of consistency in the application of policies and procedures to facilitate children visiting their loved ones in an intensive care unit. Without key involvement from the nurses and healthcare team, there may have been opportunities lost to optimise family-centred care practices in critical care settings.

Summary Climate change is altering the biogeochemical conditions of the ocean, leading to the emergence of novel environmental conditions that may drastically affect the performance of very large marine protected areas (VLMPAs) (area > 100,000 km2). Given the prominent role that VLMPAs play in ocean conservation, determining when and where novel conditions will emerge within VLMPAs is vital for ensuring a healthy ocean in the future. Here, using a non-parametric approach to detect novelty, we show that 60%–87% of the ocean and 76%–97% of VLMPAs are expected to contain novel conditions across multiple biogeochemical variables by 2100, with novel conditions in pH emerging by 2030. With most VLMPAs expected to contain environmental conditions unlike those currently within their boundaries, and given the likelihood of any of these climate futures unfolding, present-day management will need to consider alterations to current and future VLMPA design and use.

This study aimed to evaluate the fear of COVID-19, loneliness, resilience, and quality of life levels in older adults in a nursing home during the pandemic, and the effects of these variables and descriptive characteristics on their quality of life. Data were collected using a participant information form, the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE), the Brief Resilience Scale, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), the Loneliness Scale for Elderly (LSE), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Turkish Version (WHOQOL-BREF-TR). Regarding the WHOQOL-BREF-TR scale, being male, history of chronic disease, MMSE score, and the changes in sleep pattern significantly affected the physical dimension (R2=0.353, p

This study examines the effects of the announcement of a prudential rule introducing the framework for other systemically important institutions (O-SII) in euro area countries. Following the announcement of the framework, there has been some slowdown in balance sheet expansion for O-SIIs relative to other banks. O-SII banks have altered their balance sheet structure, consistent with the incentive given by the O-SII buffer to reduce complexity and interconnectedness. This has been accompanied by somewhat weaker pricing power of O-SII banks, which along with higher capital requirements seem not to have led to higher risk-taking by O-SII banks. No discernible change in risk-taking strategies along with the reduction in the funding cost advantage may have contributed to a decline in profitability of O-SIIs. Overall, the introduction of the structural, non-cyclical higher capital buffers for the key nodes of the euro area banking sector seems to have helped strengthen the resilience of these banks, and, by extension, of the financial system.

While equality of opportunity in education has been studied, the literature mainly focuses on academic performance and its determinants. Thus, to help fill this gap, this paper identifies the factors that contribute to improving equality of opportunity and the policies that should be implemented to achieve it. This work is novel in various ways. First, it defines student resilience in a new way using multilevel models applied to two groups of countries. Second, it analyses the determinants of equality of opportunity in the OECD and makes economic policy recommendations. Using the PISA waves from 2003 to 2018, our results show that uniform economic policies should not be pursued across all OECD countries. While countries in the relatively poor group need economic policies that boost per student expenditure, countries in the richer group should prioritise human capital via teacher salary. In other words, in the richer countries, it is not the level of expenditure that matters but how it is spent. Our results also demonstrate the importance of soft skills for the equality of opportunity of students in all cases. Thus, we recommend designing education policies aimed at developing these skills.

Background Resilience is a critical skill for nurses and other healthcare professionals, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet few nurses receive training that promotes emotional awareness and regulation, resilience, and self-compassion. Purpose The purpose of this study was to understand if attending a one-day workshop format of the Self Compassion for Healthcare Communities (SCHC) program would improve pediatric nurses' resilience, well-being, and professional quality of life. Design and methods Following a quasi-experimental design, pre, post, and follow-up surveys were acquired from 22 nurses who attended the training and 26 nurses who did not attend the training. In a linear mixed models regression analysis, changes in self-compassion, mindfulness, compassion, resilience, job engagement, professional quality of life (compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress), depression, anxiety and stress were analyzed between groups. Results Participants in the intervention exhibited significant increases in self-compassion, mindfulness, compassion to others, resilience and compassion satisfaction, and significant decreases in burnout, anxiety, and stress compared to the non-intervention group. Conclusions A one-day SCHC training program provides nurses with knowledge and skills to increase their resilience and support their emotional well-being and professional quality of life. Practice implications Nurses' schedules may hamper their ability to attend lengthy resilience trainings, yet the skills needed for resilience are crucial to decreasing burnout, empathy fatigue, and turnover. Offering an effective, one-day training provides an accessible alternative for nurses to gain knowledge and skills that increase resilience.

Projects to foster climate-resilience have become a standard feature of agricultural and rural development strategies across the global South. Yet what resilience means in practice is uncertain and contested. To this end, we examine a state-led project to create a ‘climate-resilient village’ in a drought-prone region of south India. The project involved extensive investments in watershed development, agro-forestry and crop varietal enhancement with the goal of creating a model from which climate-resilient practices could diffuse outwards. We analyse the politics behind this project and highlight its attempt to build resilience through field-level infrastructures and practices. While some project interventions provided generalised benefits, the failure to explicitly address local social structures and power relations created significant unevenness and left resources open to capture by elites. On this basis, we question the narrowness of resilience perspectives used to guide to adaptation planning. For many smallholders, a meaningful notion of ‘resilience’ would entail buffering exposure not just to climatic stresses but also to local power relations and market forces, yet these dynamics were silenced in official project discourse.