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Secondary cleft rhinoplasty remains a challenging operation that requires an understanding of the aberrant anatomy in cleft lip nasal deformity as well as the ability to adapt various techniques suited to the needs of each patient. In this article, we review some of the classically described approaches in cleft rhinoplasty and different strategies to address the nasal subunits. Presurgical adjuncts, surgical interventions before facial skeletal maturity, and patient reported outcome measures are also discussed., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Platelet preparations, including platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin matrix, have been used to improve wound healing, recovery time, and cosmetic outcomes for facial rejuvenation. Bioactive growth factors released from platelets are the putative agents in producing a reparative tissue reaction in the treated area. Different methods of processing the patients' blood will yield different types of platelet preparations with different components and properties, and it is important to understand these differences and their potential implications. More robust studies are necessary to better understand the nuances of these preparations and their optimal use., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Among the less common congenital auricular anomalies are cryptotia, Stahl ear, constricted ear, and macrotia. The vast majority of these occur spontaneously without accompanying syndromes or other deformities. This article provides a comprehensive overview of these anomalies, as well as common techniques to correct these anomalies., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aging of the midface is a complex aesthetic problem requiring an individualized and multifaceted surgical approach. The objective of harmonious rejuvenation of the entire face as well as increasing patient interest in midface rejuvenation mandates surgical familiarity with these techniques. Midface rejuvenation procedures have evolved from traditional laterally based rhytidectomy techniques with superolateral elevation to modern centrofacial approaches designed to achieve more vertical vectors of elevation. These approaches are informed by an evolving understanding of the multiple processes that contribute to the aged appearance of the midface and are based on lower blepharoplasty surgical techniques., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Microtia represents a spectrum of maldevelopment of the external ear. Reconstructive techniques may utilize an autogenous rib cartilage framework and require 2-4 stages; alternatively, an alloplastic framework can be used and typically requires 1-2 stages. Successful reconstruction of microtia with either technique can provide a significant quality of life improvement, and both techniques are described in this article., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Stem cell technology has been discussed chiefly in terms of organ replacement in end-stage diseases. However, improved understanding of adult stem cells and a more nuanced appreciation of aging skin as a disease state has focused greater attention on the potential for truly regenerative and rejuvenative skin therapy with autologous cells. Through enhanced understanding of the normal processes of wound healing, systems of treatment and avenues of therapy are emerging based on modulation and amplification of the natural processes of wound healing. This article presents skin-specific developments in stem cell and growth factor science and suggests further avenues of investigation., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Platelets are known primarily for their role in hemostasis, but there is increasing interest in the effect of platelets on wound healing. Platelet isolates such as platelet-rich plasma have been advocated to enhance and accelerate wound healing. This article describes the use of a novel preparation, platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM), for facial plastic surgery applications such as volume augmentation, fat transfer supplementation, and as an adjunct to open surgical procedures., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Facial plastic surgery, by its nature, is a field that constantly is seeking new and innovative ways of treating patients. This innovation often involves novel techniques and tools. The US Food and Drug Administration is charged with regulating drugs and medical devices to ensure that the public is treated in safe and effective ways. It does not, however, regulate the practice of medicine. Physicians are able to use drugs and devices off-label but are required to follow certain guidelines. This article describes the physician's legal responsibilities and limitations in off-label drug or device use.

Periorbital rejuvenation can enhance a patient's appearance, with changes of only a few millimeters making a significant impact. Many patients undergoing blepharoplasty often have mild brow or midfacial changes for which they are unwilling to undergo additional concurrent forehead or midface procedures, however, because these procedures may be associated with an unacceptable postoperative recovery and may not provide adequate tissue fixation. This article describes limited incision procedures capable of providing excellent elevation and support to the brow and midface that can be incorporated easily into a comprehensive periorbital rejuvenation treatment plan using semi-permanent subperiosteal fixation devices.

Repair of auricular defects can be a challenging endeavor due to a broad variety of clinical presentations and available reconstructive options. Acquired auricular deformities most commonly result from a wide range of traumatic injuries and following Mohs' extirpation of cutaneous malignancies. A choice of repair ultimately depends on patient factors, amount of soft tissue loss, and location of the auricular defect. Meticulous re-establishment of proper physical dimensions, smooth external contour, and complex surface landmarks ensures satisfactory aesthetic outcomes for surgeons and their patients.