1. Long-Term Results from an Epiretinal Prosthesis to Restore Sight to the Blind
- Author
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Eugene de Juan, Joel Salzmann, Gary C. Brown, Amani A. Fawzi, Carl D. Regillo, Lisa C. Olmos de Koo, José-Alain Sahel, Lucian V. Del Priore, Jessy D. Dorn, Farhad Hafezi, Mark S. Humayun, Artur V. Cideciyan, Avinoam B. Safran, Allen C. Ho, Dean Eliott, James T. Handa, Paulo E. Stanga, David G. Birch, Aries Arditi, Pierre Olivier Barale, Julia A. Haller, Robert J. Greenberg, Duane R. Geruschat, Lyndon da Cruz, Rand Spencer, Arturo Santos, Jacque L. Duncan, and Gislin Dagnelie
- Subjects
Male ,Visual acuity ,genetic structures ,visual acuity ,clinical evaluation ,conjunctival dehiscence ,personal experience ,Blindness ,device safety ,middle aged ,visual prosthesis ,Single-Blind Method ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,pathophysiology ,clinical article ,adult ,clinical trial ,microelectrode ,Electrodes, Implanted ,Europe ,aged ,hypotony ,female ,keratitis ,endophthalmitis ,priority journal ,cornea opacity ,conjunctival erosion ,uveitis ,medicine.symptom ,Retinitis Pigmentosa ,camera ,prospective study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,vision ,visual function test ,Retinal implant ,Vision, Low ,Article ,retina tear ,Prosthesis Implantation ,electrode implant ,Ophthalmology ,Retinitis pigmentosa ,medicine ,follow up ,Humans ,controlled study ,human ,outcome assessment ,reproducibility ,single blind procedure ,function test ,Retina detachment ,business.industry ,medical device complication ,retina detachment ,retinal implant ,Reproducibility of Results ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,United States ,Clinical trial ,multicenter study ,7 INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA ,Visual prosthesis ,physiology ,Optometry ,functional assessment ,business ,Microelectrodes ,Cornea opacity ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
© 2015 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Purpose Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal degenerations leading to blindness due to photoreceptor loss. Retinitis pigmentosa is a rare disease, affecting only approximately 100 000 people in the United States. There is no cure and no approved medical therapy to slow or reverse RP. The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the safety, reliability, and benefit of the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System (Second Sight Medical Products, Inc, Sylmar, CA) in restoring some visual function to subjects completely blind from RP. We report clinical trial results at 1 and 3 years after implantation. Design The study is a multicenter, single-arm, prospective clinical trial. Participants There were 30 subjects in 10 centers in the United States and Europe. Subjects served as their own controls, that is, implanted eye versus fellow eye, and system on versus system off (native residual vision). Methods The Argus II System was implanted on and in a single eye (typically the worse-seeing eye) of blind subjects. Subjects wore glasses mounted with a small camera and a video processor that converted images into stimulation patterns sent to the electrode array on the retina. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome measures were safety (the number, seriousness, and relatedness of adverse events) and visual function, as measured by 3 computer-based, objective tests. Results A total of 29 of 30 subjects had functioning Argus II Systems implants 3 years after implantation. Eleven subjects experienced a total of 23 serious device- or surgery-related adverse events. All were treated with standard ophthalmic care. As a group, subjects performed significantly better with the system on than off on all visual function tests and functional vision assessments. Conclusions The 3-year results of the Argus II trial support the long-term safety profile and benefit of the Argus II System for patients blind from RP. Earlier results from this trial were used to gain approval of the Argus II by the Food and Drug Administration and a CE mark in Europe. The Argus II System is the first and only retinal implant to have both approvals.
- Published
- 2015
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