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30 results on '"Graham, Stephen M"'

1. Effectiveness of preventive treatment among different age groups and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection status: a systematic review and individual-participant data meta-analysis of contact tracing studies

Author

Martinez, Leonardo, Seddon, James, Liu, Qiao, Acuna Villaorduna, Carlos, Bonnet, Maryline, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C., Chan, Pei-Chun, Hill, Philip C, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Donkor, Simon, Graham, Stephen M., Villalba, Julian A., Grandjean, Louis, Zellweger, Jean-Pierre, Wang, Jann-Yuan, Verhagen, Lilly M, van Schalkwykn, Cari, van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim, Sloot, Rosa, Trieu, Lisa, Ahuja, Shama Desai, Yoshiyama, Takashi, Mazahir, Rufaida, Martinsonn, Neil A, Jones-López, Edward C., Altet, Neus, Kato, Seiya, Fang, Chi-Tai, Geis, Steffen, Hauri, Anja, Long, Richard, Dobler, Claudia C, Cayla, Joan A, Chakhaia, Tsira, Chen, Cheng, García-Basteiro, Alberto L., Triasih, Rina, Huang, Li-Min, Sharma, Surendra, Hannoun, Djohar, Malone, LaShaunda L., Ling, Du-Lin, Kritski, Afrânio, Stein, Catherine M., Malik, Amyn A, Augusto, Orvalho, Vashishtha, Richa, Boulahbal, Fadila, Boom, W. Henry, Shen, Ye, Hesseling, Anneke C, Horsburgh, C. Robert, Lange, Christoph, Mandalakas, Anna M., Seddon, James A, Horsburgh, C Robert, and Mandalakas, Anna M

Published
2024
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2. Diagnostic accuracy of a three-gene Mycobacterium tuberculosis host response cartridge using fingerstick blood for childhood tuberculosis: a multicentre prospective study in low-income and middle-income countries

Author

Baard, Cynthia Biddle, Munro, Jacinta Diane, Prins, Margaretha, Benzi, Nolufefe, Bateman, Linda Claire, Ryan, Ashleigh, Booi, Kutala, Paulo, Nezisa, Heydenrych, Anthenette, Petersen, Wonita, Brookes, Raquel, Mento, Michele, Centner, Chad, Dalgarno, Craig, Rieß, Friedrich, Mutuku, Sarah, Saathoff, Elmar, Held, Kathrin, Ninan, Marilyn Mary, Chacko, Anila, Kumari, Ramya, Dhanabhagyam, R, Muniswamy, Nithya, Nicol, Marc P, Mtafya, Bariki, Mwambola, Harieth, Manyama, Christina, Mahiga, Hellen, Sichone, Emanuel, Sudi, Lwitiho, Maueia, Cremildo, Madeira, Carla, Cambuie, Justina, Ribeiro, Jorge, Chiume, Lingstone, Mnyanga, Alice, Sikwese, Tionge, Masakasa, Happy, Kachere, Diana, Kosaka, Masheck, Niemann, Stefan, Chegou, Novel, Horn, Lyn, Olbrich, Laura, Verghese, Valsan P, Franckling-Smith, Zoe, Sabi, Issa, Ntinginya, Nyanda E, Mfinanga, Alfred, Banze, Denise, Viegas, Sofia, Khosa, Celso, Semphere, Robina, Nliwasa, Marriott, McHugh, Timothy D, Larsson, Leyla, Razid, Alia, Song, Rinn, Corbett, Elizabeth L, Nabeta, Pamela, Trollip, Andre, Graham, Stephen M, Hoelscher, Michael, Geldmacher, Christof, Zar, Heather J, Michael, Joy Sarojini, and Heinrich, Norbert

Published
2024
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3. Effectiveness of a community-based approach for the investigation and management of children with household tuberculosis contact in Cameroon and Uganda: a cluster-randomised trial

Author

Chauvet, Savine, de Carvalho, Elisabete, Ouedraogo, Sayouba, Leguicher, Gwenvael, Tiam, Appolinaire, Oziemkowska, Maria, Atieno Ayuo, Elizabeth, Mafirakureva, Nyashadzaishe, Berset, Maude, Lemaire, Jean-Francois, Sih, Collette, Kana, Rogacien, Youm, Eric, Guedem Nekame, Jinette Lorraine, Manguele, Paul Williams, Bindzi, Paul, Ndongo, Marie-Louise Aimée, Ndjang Kombou, Doline, Tsigaing, Philippe Narcisse, Mbunka Awolu, Muhamed, Seuleu Ndjamakou, Leticia Grace, Sitamze Kaptue, Narcisse, Ngounou Moyo, Dany Flora, Patouokoumche Ngouh, Raimatou, Kouotou Mouliom, Joseph Stéphane, Abogo Abatsong, Henriette Alida, Essebe Ngangue, Rose Cynthia, Djeumene, Rodrigue, Maguia Tatiane Kouam, Laure Tatiane, Nono Djilo, Lydie Flore, Bakmano Raïssa, Marie-Josée, Njikeh, Kong Derick, Bissek, Anne-Cécile, Arinaitwe, Rinah, Otai, David, Kamanzi, Hamidah, Natukunda, Agnes, Natukunda, Eva, Kyarimpa, Rose, Kyomuhendo, Doreen, Sanyu, Scovia, Ssemanya, John, Nabbuto, Jane, Lugoose, Ssuan, Rachael, Kiconco, Tebylwa Beryta, Jonanita, Kitakule, Frank, Atuhaire, Syson, Kembabazi, Moreen, Abok, Florence, Kakinda, Michael, Odongo, Dickens, Ijjo, Henri, Kyomugisha, Clemencia, Aryatuhwera, Johnan, Ashaba, Beth, Nuwamanya, Patrick, Arinaitwe, Merdard, Natukunda, Prisca, Muhangi, Collins, Muhumuza, Deogratious, Ndyeimuka, Gordon, Bagabe, Johnson, Tiboruhanga, Justus, Tibaijuka, Francis, Nahabwe, Marion, Bonnet, Maryline, Vasiliu, Anca, Tchounga, Boris K, Cuer, Benjamin, Fielding, Katherine, Ssekyanzi, Bob, Tchakounte Youngui, Boris, Cohn, Jennifer, Dodd, Peter J, Tiendrebeogo, Georges, Tchendjou, Patrice, Simo, Leonie, Okello, Richard F, Kuate Kuate, Albert, Turyahabwe, Stavia, Atwine, Daniel, Graham, Stephen M, and Casenghi, Martina

Published
2023
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4. Effect of systematic tuberculosis detection on mortality in young children with severe pneumonia in countries with high incidence of tuberculosis: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial

Author

Marcy, Olivier, Serre, Angeline, Badrichani, Anne, Razafimanantsoa, Manoa, Poublan, Julien, Vessière, Aurélia, Roucher, Clémentine, Occelli, Estelle, Beuscart, Aurélie, Charpin, Aurélie, Habiyambere, Gemma, Mesnier, Salomé, Balestre, Eric, Bhatta, Bandana, Maillard, Anne-Laure, Orne-Gliemann, Joanna, Baillet, Emmanuelle, Koskas, Nicolas, D'Elbée, Marc, Gabillard, Delphine, Font, Hélène, Huyen, Minh, Bonnet, Maryline, Lounnas, Manon, Espérou, Hélène, Couffin-Cadiergues, Sandrine, Kuppers, Alexis, Hamze, Benjamin, BORAND, Laurence, de LAUZANNE, Agathe, DIM, Bunnet, Keang, Chanthy, PRING, Long, YIN, Song, SARITH, Channimol, PHAN, Chanvirak, NHEUONG, Sovann, LY, Socheat, KAING, Sanary, SRENG, Vouchleang, LUN, Elen, SAY, Leakhena, SUOM, Sophea, FERHY, Romyka, SO, Dina, BORN, Sorunna, PAL, Sophea, NANG, Boraneath, MAO, Tan Eang, KIM, Ang, Srey, Viso, Kan, Piseth, Hout, leakhena, Ith, Samnang, Oum, Sophany, Sau, Sokunvadhana, Ho, Kim Heang, Kith, Daronic, Nuch, Nathara, Horm, Chhun Leang, Sophon, Cheameas, Roeungdeth, Bosba, MENG, Chhay, RITH, Ravin, PHY, Samnang, SOR, Chanchetra, SAO, Voleak, KHAT, Sophea, MAK, Bunthoeun, UY, Angkeaborin, KHAY, Sreyny, SOM, Kimsan, HACH, rongvirak, SOK, Hay, KUON, Sotheavy, HENG, Synatt, SENG, Amara, NIM, Sopheak, PAN, Reach, KIM, Srean, SREY LEAP, Keo, NET, Bormey, NOUN, Viccheka, LAY, Daven, MANY, Chhaing, Seng, Socheata, Ly, Vuthy, So, Saran, Oun, Sovutthik, CHEY, Sopheap, CHHEA, Rattany, BAONG, Lydeth, THOUNG, Vanna, KHEANG, Chanrithea, BY, Borady, Nguon, Vathanak, MEACH, Eksophea, Tek, Sopheak, Ngeav, Sina, Lun, Tetra, HEM, Deth, CHUT, Nayreang, SARIK, Setha, NANG, Hgekkoung, MEACH, Mengnean, SRENG, Sopal, SAR, Dara, KIN, Rathana, ROS, Phoran, DORN, Chenda, KAK, Chansy, Sambath, Srey Leak, Son, Leakhena, Bin, Linda, Pengong, Eangnay, Pol, Sokha, Khutsorn, Samnang, Seang, Sorsophea, Soun, Virak, Vong, Vuthy, Khoeung, Chandara, Um, Panha, Bou, Sokunthea, Song Pich, Sarin, Nim, Puthy, Khat, Sopheak, Ban Si, Nuon, Ream, Sovannodom, Ing, Sim, Chann, Phanith, Ngeth, Samrith, Sun, Marina, Chhoeung, Sokea, Sean, Soeun, Prak, Ratanak, Taguebue, Jean-Voisin, Kwedi Nolna, Sylvie, Amboua Schouame Onambele, Audrey, Hycenth, Numfor, Melingui, Bernard, Nkembe Medounmga, Angeline, Hougnang Tatmi, Luciole, Etemgoua, Nathalie, Kouesso, Vanessa, Bugin, Jean, Nzedjom, Celestine, Ngoya, Roger, Eyike, Jules, Loudjom, Elyse, Lonsti, Roger, Dang, Ladi, Bintar, Edward, Njayong, Chantal, Ngonsoa O, Cinthia, Ndzeukap, Isabelle, Dzoyem, Pascaline, Dzokou, Clémentine, Dindo, Berthe, Moh, Raoul, Komena, Eric Auguste, Aka Bony, Roger, Kouadio, Christian, Danho, Serge, Goli, Melissa, Folquet, Madeleine, Itchy, Max Valère, Sidibé, Abdel, Cissé, Lancina, Ouattara, Joseph, Konaté, Mamadou, Amon-Tanoh Dick, Flore, Cardena, Melissa, Adonis-Koffi, Laurence, Eugenie, Djabia, Kouamé, Ferdinand, Menan, Hervé, Inwoley, André, Ouassa, Timothée, Nguessan, Marcelle Sandrine, Khosa, Celso, Cumbe, Saniata, Manhiça, Emelva, Zitha, Alcina, Chiúle, Valter, Muxanga, Eva, Gune, Irene, Lima, Yara, Ribeiro, Jorge, Mavale, Sandra, Chilundo, Josina, Maxanguana, Felismina, Morais, Natália, Manhiça, Julieta, Give, Josefina, Atumane, Jafito, Lucas, Gelson, Thai, Arsénio, Chave, Adélio, Rego, Dalila, Guambe, Lúcia, Issa, Faiaz, Carneiro, Rosa, Pene, Neusa, Florindo, Natércia, Machel, Dália, Cumbane, Cecília, Mendes, Helena, Kitungwa, Mule, Muianga, Valdo, Tamele, Humberto, Sulude, Adelino, Mabota, Roda, Comandante, Herquéria, Massangaie, Abelardo, Wobudeya, Eric, Businge, Gerald Bright, Namulinda, Faith, Sserunjogi, Robert, Nassozi, Rashidah, Barungi, Charlotte, Aanyu, Hellen, Muwonge, Doreen, Kagoya, Eva, Aciparu, Serene, Chemutai, Sophia, Ntambi, Samuel, Wasswa, Amir, Nangozi, Juliet, Tagoola, Abner, Mbekeka, Prossy, Kenneth, Sajja, Lubega, John Paul, Nassali, Aidah, Tagobera, Jessica, Agwang, Christine, Kalembe, Florence, Ajambo, Annet, Aguti, Elizabeth, Kasibante, Samuel, Matende, Henry, Odongo, Israel Owen, Mwanga Amumpaire, Juliet, Natukunda, Naome, Ngabirano, Gertrude, Kakwenza, Paul, Nuwamanya, Simpson, Nyangoma, Miria, Nabbuto, Jane, Abok, Florence, Arinaitwe, Rinah, Birungi, Diana, Mwesigwa, Evans, Atwine, Daniel, Mbega, Hassan, Orikiriza, Patrick, Taremwa, Ivan, Turyashemererwa, Esther, Derrick, Hope, Nyehangane, Dan, Kaitano, Rodney, Logoose, Susan, Businge, Steven, Ntambi, Charles, Mugabi, Jerome, Mzee, John, Besigye, Julius, Kanzira, Saul, Turyatemba, Phionah, Twebaze, Florence, Chabala, Chishala, Mulenga, Veronica, Shankalala, Perfect, Hambulo, Chimuka, Kapotwe, Vincent, Ngambi, Marjory, Kasakwa, Kunda, Chirwa, Uzima, Kapula, Chifunda, Zulu, Susan, Nawakwi, Grace, Siasulingana, Teddy, Chilonga, Jessy, Chimbini, Maria, Chilanga, Mutinta, Nduna, Bwendo, Inambao, Muleya, Mwambazi, Mwate, Halende, Barbra, Mumba, Wyclef, Mankunshe, Endreen, Silavwe, Maureen, Chakopo, Moses, Moono, Roy, Mwanga-Amumpaire, Juliet, De Lauzanne, Agathe, Dim, Bunnet, Tiogouo Ngouana, Emeline, Folquet Amorrissani, Madeleine, Cisse, Lassina, Amon Tanoh Dick, Flore, Komena, Eric A, Businge, Gerald, Kim, Ang, Kheang, Chanrithea, Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth, Seddon, James A, Mao, Tan Eang, Graham, Stephen M, Delacourt, Christophe, and Borand, Laurence

Published
2023
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5. Infant BCG vaccination and risk of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis throughout the life course: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Martinez, Leonardo, Cords, Olivia, Liu, Qiao, Acuna-Villaorduna, Carlos, Bonnet, Maryline, Fox, Greg J, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C, Chan, Pei-Chun, Croda, Julio, Hill, Philip C, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Donkor, Simon, Fielding, Katherine, Graham, Stephen M, Espinal, Marcos A, Kampmann, Beate, Reingold, Arthur, Huerga, Helena, Villalba, Julian A, Grandjean, Louis, Sotgiu, Giovanni, Egere, Uzochukwu, Singh, Sarman, Zhu, Limei, Lienhardt, Christian, Denholm, Justin T, Seddon, James A, Whalen, Christopher C, García-Basteiro, Alberto L, Triasih, Rina, Chen, Cheng, Singh, Jitendra, Huang, Li-Min, Sharma, Surendra, Hannoun, Djohar, del Corral, Helena, Mandalakas, Anna M, Malone, LaShaunda L, Ling, Du-Lin, Kritski, Afrânio, Stein, Catherine M, Vashishtha, Richa, Boulahbal, Fadila, Fang, Chi-Tai, Boom, W Henry, Netto, Eduardo Martins, Lemos, Antonio Carlos, Hesseling, Anneke C, Kay, Alexander, Jones-López, Edward C, Horsburgh, C Robert, Lange, Christoph, and Andrews, Jason R

Published
2022
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8. The risk of tuberculosis in children after close exposure: a systematic review and individual-participant meta-analysis

Author

Acuna-Villaorduna, Carlos, Desai Ahuja, Shama, Altet, Neus, Augusto, Orvalho, Baliashvili, Davit, Basu, Sanjay, Becerra, Mercedes, Bonnet, Maryline, Henry Boom, W., Borgdorff, Martien, Boulahbal, Fadila, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C., Cayla, Joan A., Chakhaia, Tsira, Chan, Pei-Chun, Cohen, Ted, Croda, Julio, Datta, Sumona, del Corral, Helena, Denholm, Justin T., Dietze, Reynaldo, Dobler, Claudia C., Donkor, Simon, Egere, Uzochukwu, Ellner, Jerrold J., Espinal, Marcos, Evans, Carlton A., Fang, Chi-Tai, Fielding, Katherine, Fox, Greg J., García, Luis F., García-Basteiro, Alberto L., Geis, Steffen, Graham, Stephen M., Grandjean, Louis, Hannoun, Djohar, Hatherill, Mark, Hauri, Anja M., Hesseling, Anneke C., Hill, Philip C., Huang, Li-Min, Huerga, Helena, Hussain, Rabia, Jarlsberg, Leah, Jones-López, Edward C., Kato, Seiya, Kato-Maeda, Midori, Kampmann, Beate, Kirchner, H. Lester, Kritski, Afrânio, Lange, Christoph, Lee, Chih-Hsin, Lee, Li-Na, Lee, Meng-Rui, Lemos, Antonio Carlos, Lienhardt, Christian, Ling, Du-Lin, Liu, Qiao, Lo, Nathan C., Long, Richard, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Lu, Peng, Magee, Matthew, Malone, LaShaunda L., Mandalakas, Anna M., Martinson, Neil A., Mazahir, Rufaida, Murray, Megan B., Netto, Eduardo Martins, Otero, Larissa, Parsonnet, Julie, Reingold, Arthur, Schaaf, H. Simon, Seddon, James A., Sharma, Surendra, Singh, Jitendra, Singh, Sarman, Sloot, Rosa, Sotgiu, Giovanni, Stein, Catherine M., Iqbal, Najeeha Talat, Triasih, Rina, Trieu, Lisa, van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim, Van der Stuyft, Patrick, van Schalkwyk, Cari, Vashishtha, Richa, Verhagen, Lilly M, Villalba, Julian A., Wang, Jann-Yuan, Whalen, Christopher C., Yoshiyama, Takashi, Zar, Heather J., Zellweger, Jean-Pierre, Zhu, Limei, Martinez, Leonardo, Cords, Olivia, Horsburgh, C Robert, and Andrews, Jason R

Published
2020
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9. Building a tuberculosis-free world: The Lancet Commission on tuberculosis

Author

Reid, Michael J A, Arinaminpathy, Nimalan, Bloom, Amy, Bloom, Barry R, Boehme, Catharina, Chaisson, Richard, Chin, Daniel P, Churchyard, Gavin, Cox, Helen, Ditiu, Lucica, Dybul, Mark, Farrar, Jeremy, Fauci, Anthony S, Fekadu, Endalkachew, Fujiwara, Paula I, Hallett, Timothy B, Hanson, Christy L, Harrington, Mark, Herbert, Nick, Hopewell, Philip C, Ikeda, Chieko, Jamison, Dean T, Khan, Aamir J, Koek, Irene, Krishnan, Nalini, Motsoaledi, Aaron, Pai, Madhukar, Raviglione, Mario C, Sharman, Almaz, Small, Peter M, Swaminathan, Soumya, Temesgen, Zelalem, Vassall, Anna, Venkatesan, Nandita, van Weezenbeek, Kitty, Yamey, Gavin, Agins, Bruce D, Alexandru, Sofia, Andrews, Jason R, Beyeler, Naomi, Bivol, Stela, Brigden, Grania, Cattamanchi, Adithya, Cazabon, Danielle, Crudu, Valeriu, Daftary, Amrita, Dewan, Puneet, Doepel, Laurie K, Eisinger, Robert W, Fan, Victoria, Fewer, Sara, Furin, Jennifer, Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy D, Gomez, Gabriela B, Graham, Stephen M, Gupta, Devesh, Kamene, Maureen, Khaparde, Sunil, Mailu, Eunice W, Masini, Enos O, McHugh, Lorrie, Mitchell, Ellen, Moon, Suerie, Osberg, Michael, Pande, Tripti, Prince, Lea, Rade, Kirankumar, Rao, Raghuram, Remme, Michelle, Seddon, James A, Selwyn, Casey, Shete, Priya, Sachdeva, Kuldeep S, Stallworthy, Guy, Vesga, Juan F, Vilc, Valentina, and Goosby, Eric P

Published
2019
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10. A Global Tuberculosis Dictionary: unified terms and definitions for the field of tuberculosis

Author

Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Ehrlich, Joanna, Bonnet, Maryline, Calnan, Marianne, Graham, Stephen M, Hermans, Sabine, Jarrett, Adriana, Lewa, Rhoda, Mandalakas, Anna, Martinez, Leonardo, Migliori, Giovanni Battista, Ong, Catherine W M, Otero, Larissa, Rangaka, Molebogeng Xheedha, Raviglione, Mario C B, Seaworth, Barbara, Ssengooba, Willy, Theron, Grant, Trajman, Anete, and Behr, Marcel A

Published
2024
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23. Contributors

Author

Abbott, Frances, Adib, Navid, Alex, George, Alsweiler, Jane, Anazodo, Antoinette, Barnes, Chris, Barnett, Christopher, Bauert, Paul, Baur, Louise A., Beasley, Spencer, Beggs, Sean, Bines, Julie, Bird, Helen L.M., Booy, Robert, Brewster, David, Brown, Justin, Buchanan, Leo, Buksh, Mariam, Burgner, David, Cameron, Fergus, Carapetis, Jonathan Rhys, Carden, Susan M., Cass, Daniel, Chang, Anne B., Cheung, Michael, Collins, Kevin J., Coman, David, Cottier, Carolyn, Couper, Jennifer, Cundy, Peter, Darlow, Brian A., Davidson, Geoffrey, Davies, Mark William, Day, Andrew, Delatycki, Martin, Donald, Terence, Duke, Trevor, Dutt, Shoma, Efron, Daryl, Elder, Dawn, Elder, James E., Fairchild, Jan, Flett, Peter, Freeman, Jeremy L., Gold, Michael, Graetz, Brian, Graham, Stephen M., Grover, Sonia, Haller, Wolfram, Hallett, Kerrod B., Hammond, Paul, Hardikar, Winita, Harding, Jane, Harvey, A Simon, Heussler, Helen S., Hiscock, Harriet, Hotham, Neil, Isaacs, David, Jaffé, Adam, Jardine, Luke Anthony, Jones, Cheryl, Jones, Colin, Jones, Timothy W., Kapur, Nitin, Kausman, Joshua Y., Kennedy, Andrew, Kilpatrick, Nicky, King, Sebastian, Kornberg, Andrew J., Le Souëf, Peter, Liebelt, Jan, McCallum, Zoe, McDermott, Brett, McGill, James, McMahon, Sarah Kate, McNab, Sarah, McTaggart, Steven, Mellis, Craig, Monagle, Paul, Murray, Kevin J., Oakley, Ed, O'Brien, Tracey, O'Callaghan, Michael, O'Loughlin, Edward V., Paxton, Georgia, Phillips, Roderic J., Poplawski, Nicola K., Raftos, Jeremy, Reddihough, Dinah, Richmond, Peter, Roberts, Gehan, Rogers, Maureen, Rose, Elizabeth, Rosenbaum, Jeremy, Russo, Remo (Ray) N., Ryan, Monique, Sawyer, Michael G., Sawyer, Susan M., Saxon, Ben, Selvadurai, Hiran, Sewell, Jill, Sly, Peter D., South, Mike, Stark, Zornitza, Starr, Mike, Starte, David, Steer, Andrew, Subramanian, Gopinath Musuwadi, Suresh, Sadasivam, Taylor, Barry, Teele, Rita L., Thompson, Elizabeth Mary, Tibballs, James, Vimpani, Graham, Wigg, Neil, Wilkinson, Ian, Winkel, Ken, Wong, Li-Chuen, Wong, Melanie, and Zwi, Karen

Published
2012
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24. Contributors

Author

Abrams, Steven, Adesina, Adekunle M., Adu, Dwomoa, Ajjampur, Sitara S.R., Andrianaivoarimanana, Voahangy, Emmanouil, Angelakis, Aronson, Jeffrey K., Atukorala, Inoshi, Baily, Guy, Bärnighausen, Till, Basnyat, Buddha, Bastawrous, Andrew, Bates, Imelda, Bausch, Daniel G., Beare, Nicholas A.V., Bedi, Raman, Beeching, Nick J., Bennett, Nicholas J., Berlin, Anita, Bhigjee, Ahmed I., Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bloom, David E., Blumberg, Lucille Hellen, Boelaert, Marleen, Bowden, Francis J., Brabin, Bernard J., Bray, Freddie, Bray, Rodney A., Brooker, Simon J., Brouwer, Matthijs C., Brun, Reto, Brunetti, Enrico, Bull, Susan, Bundy, Donald A.P., Burri, Christian, Bustinduy, Amaya, Chang, Thashi, Chappuis, François, Chierakul, Wirongrong, Chiodini, Peter L., Clemens, John D., Cook, Gordon C., Cotton, Mark F., Coulter, John B.S., Cunliffe, Nigel A., Currie, Bart J., Currie, Marian J., Dance, David A.B., Day, Nicholas P.J., DeCock, Kevin, Deen, Jacqueline, Doffman, Sarah R, Dondorp, Arjen, van Doorn, H. Rogier, Dünser, Martin W., Eitzen, Edward M., Jr., Enria, Delia A., Farrar, Jeremy, Faust, Christina, Feasey, Nicholas A., Fekadu, Abebaw, Fink, Günther, Fischer, Peter U., Franco-Paredes, Carlos, French, Neil, Garcia, Hector H., Glass, Roger I., Gordon, Melita A., Gordon, Stephen B., Gottstein, Bruno, Graham, Stephen M., Haines, Andy, Hall, Roy A., Hanlon, Charlotte, Hart, The late C. Anthony, Haswell, Melissa R., Hawkesworth, Sophie, Hay, Roderick J., Heckmann, Jeannine M., Heimesaat, Markus M., Hennis, Anselm J.M., Hien, Tran Tinh, Hoerauf, Achim, Hotez, Peter J., Humair, Salal, Johansen, Cheryl A., Johnson, Roch Christian, Jones, Malcolm K., Junghanss, Thomas, Kaewkes, Sasithorn, Kang, Gagandeep, Kelly, Paul, King, Charles H., Kishore, Sandeep P., Kissinger, Patricia, Lalloo, David, Lang, Trudie, Liesenfeld, Oliver, Lockwood, Diana N.J., Mabey, David C.W., Madkour, The late M. Monir, Marston, Barbara J., Masekela, Refiloe, Mayaud, Philippe, McCarthy, James S., McGready, Rose, McNamara, Paul S., Merson, Laura, Miller, Robert F., Liddell, Glen D., Mortimer, Kevin, Motala, Ayesha A., Mumcuoglu, Kosta Y., Munoz, Flor M., Munoz Roldan, Melba, Mutabingwa, Theonest, Nakagomi, Osamu, Nawa, Yukifumi, Newton, Robert, Ng, Lisa F.P., Nosten, François H., O’Hea, Jennifer, Owusu-Ofori, Shirley, Paris, Daniel H., Parker, Michael, Peters, Philip J., Pirie, Fraser J., Pluschke, Gerd, Prentice, Andrew M., Quinn, Thomas C., Rajerison, Minoarisoa Esther, Raoult, Didier, Ratsitorahina, Maherisoa, Reddy, K. Srinath, Reynolds, Steven J., Richens, John, Rijken, Marcus J., Ritchie, Sara, Robinson, Janet, Rose, Angela M.C., Salazar, Juan C., Samuels, T. Alafia, Schultz, Marcus J., Scully, Crispian, Shears, Paul, Simonsen, Paul E., Sithithaworn, Paiboon, Smith, David W., Solomon, Tom, Southgate, Vaughan R., Sripa, Banchob, Srour, M. Leila, Stojkovic, Marija, Sundar, Shyam, Thachil, Jecko, Thuraisingham, Raj, Thwaites, C. Louise, Thwaites, Guy, Török, M. Estée, Unwin, Nigel, van de Beek, Diederik, Vega-Lopez, Francisco, Visvesvara, Govinda S., von Seidlein, Lorenz, Wakeham, Katie, Walker, Stephen L., Ward, Honorine, Warrell, Mary J., Warrell, David A., Weil, Gary J., White, Graham B., White, Nicholas J., Withington, Stephen G., Wong, Vanessa, Wood, Robin, Wyllie, Sarah, Yen, Lam Minh, Young, Paul R., Yacoub, Sophie, and Zafren, Ken

Published
2014
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27. List of Contributors

Author

Adebajo, Adewale O., Adu, Dwomoa, Ahmed, Yusuf, Amor, Sandra, Anjorin, Felix I., Aronson, Jeffrey K., Atadzhanov, Masharip, Baily, Guy, Baker, John R., Bates, Imelda, Bedi, Raman, Behrens, Ronald H., Benatar, Solomon R., Bodeker, Gerard C., Brabin, Bernard J., Bray, Rodney A., Brooker, Simon, Broom, Annette K., Brun, Reto, Bunn, James E.G., Bundy, Donald A.P., Burri, Christian, Cevallos, Ana-Maria, Chaisson, Richard E., Chiodini, Peter L., Chopra, Sunil, Coleman, Timothy J., Collins, Kenneth J., Cook, Gordon C., Coulter, John B.S., Cowan, George O., Crawford, Dorothy H., Critchley, Julia A., Cuevas, Luis E., Cunliffe, Nigel A., Dance, David A.B., Davis, Andrew, Silva, P. Shanthamali de, Dedet, Jean-Pierre, Essop, Mohammed R., Eyers, Alice E., Eyers, John E., Farthing, Michael J.G., Fleming, Alan F., French, Neil, Friman, Göran, Gillespie, Stephen H., Goodman, Catherine, Gordon, Stephen B., Gottstein, Bruno, Graham, Stephen M., Grange, John M., Günther, Goran, Hall, Roy A., Hart, C. Anthony, Haswell-Elkins, Melissa, Haworth, Alan, Hay, Roderick J., Hien, Tran Tinh, Hoffman, Christopher J., Holliman, Richard E., Jellis, John E., Jenkins, Claire, Johansen, Cheryl A., Kaewkes, Sasithorn, Kapembwa, Moses, Kawooya, Michael G., Kelly, Paul, Knight, Mario A., Kwiatkowski, Dominic, Maartens, Gary, Mabey, David C.W., Mackenzie, John S., Madeley, Charles R., Madkour, M. Monir, McGavin, D.D. Murray, Miles, Michael A., Miller, Robert F., Mills, Alan E., Moody, Anthony, Motala, Ayesha A., Muyinda, Zeridah, Mwaba, Peter, Naidoo, Datshana P., Nakagomi, Osamu, Nimmannitya, Suchitra, Owens, Stephen, Owusu-Ofori, Shirley, Peiris, Joseph S.M., Pirie, Fraser J., Pratlong, Francine, Reichen, Jürg, Richens, John, Roitt, Ivan M., Schoonbaert, Dirk, Scott, Geoffrey M., Scully, Crispian, Shears, Paul, Shetty, Nandini P., Shetty, Prakash S., Simonsen, Paul E., Sithithaworn, Paiboon, Smith, Michael D., Smith, David W., Sobngwi, Eugene, Solomon, Tom, Southgate, Vaughan R., Sripa, Banchob, Steffen, Robert, Sullivan, John R., Thomson, Gail, Threlfall, Eric John, Thuraisingham, Raj C., Thwaites, Catherine L., Tshibwabwa, Eli Tumba, Unwin, Nigel, Vega-López, Francisco, Walker, Damian G., Warhurst, David C., Warrell, David A., Warrell, Mary J., White, Nicholas J., White, Graham B., Williams, Hilary, Withington, Stephen G., Wyllie, Sarah, Yen, Lam Mihn, Yorston, David, Zuckerman, Arie J., Zuckerman, Jane N., and Zumla, Alimuddin I.

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28. Global burden of tuberculous meningitis in children aged 0-14 years in 2019: a mathematical modelling study.

Author

du Preez K, Jenkins HE, Martinez L, Chiang SS, Dlamini SS, Dolynska M, Aleksandrin A, Kobe J, Graham SM, Hesseling AC, Starke JR, Seddon JA, and Dodd PJ

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Child, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Global Burden of Disease, Bayes Theorem, Female, Male, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections complications, Tuberculosis, Meningeal epidemiology, Tuberculosis, Meningeal mortality, Global Health statistics & numerical data, Models, Theoretical
Abstract

Background: Tuberculous meningitis is fatal if untreated and can lead to lifelong neurological sequelae. However, to our knowledge, there are no data on the number of children affected by this disease. We aimed to estimate the global disease burden and attributable mortality of childhood tuberculous meningitis by WHO regions, age groups, treatment status, and HIV status in 2019., Methods: We developed a Bayesian mathematical model to estimate the number of children aged 0-14 years who developed tuberculous meningitis, died from tuberculous meningitis, and did not die from tuberculous meningitis but had neurological sequelae in 2019. We reviewed the literature and used meta-analyses to quantify key parameters used as model inputs: risk of tuberculous meningitis after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, tuberculous meningitis as a proportion of tuberculosis notification data (ie, routine surveillance data that countries report to WHO), and risk ratios for tuberculous-meningitis mortality by age group. We identified routine tuberculosis surveillance data from countries and literature that reported the proportion of notified childhood tuberculosis that was due to tuberculous meningitis. Country-level data were from Brazil; the USA; Ukraine; South Africa; and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, which included 29 countries but was aggregated and considered as one site. We assumed tuberculosis notification was synonymous with detection and treatment, combined age-disaggregated risk ratios and published meta-analytic estimates of the case-fatality rate in children who received treatment to produce estimates of tuberculous-meningitis mortality by age group and HIV status, and assumed that untreated tuberculous meningitis was always fatal. We assumed similar age-disaggregated risk ratios for neurological sequelae among children who had treatment for tuberculous meningitis and lived as for children who died., Findings: An estimated 24 000 (95% credible interval 22 300-25 700) children younger than 15 years developed tuberculous meningitis in 2019. Of these children, 13 000 (12 100-13 900) were estimated to have been diagnosed and treated for tuberculous meningitis. Most untreated children were younger than 5 years. Among the 24 000 children with tuberculous meningitis, 16 100 (14 900-17 300) were estimated to have died in 2019, of whom 1101 (6·8%) had HIV. 13 380 (83·1%) of 16 100 deaths were estimated to be in children younger than 5 years and 11 000 (68·3%) were estimated to be in children who did not receive tuberculous-meningitis treatment. Of the 7900 (5800-10 000) children who did not die, 5550 (5110-5980) were estimated to have neurological sequelae., Interpretation: Our estimates of tuberculous meningitis in children younger than 15 years showed substantial mortality and morbidity. Improved diagnostics and strong health-care systems to facilitate early diagnosis are crucial to improve outcomes, and tuberculosis prevention should be a public health priority., Funding: Fogarty International Center of the US National Institutes of Health., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests KdP received a career development award (K43) from the US National Institutes of Health. ACH is supported by a South African National Research Foundation chair in paediatric tuberculosis. PJD was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MR/W029227/1). JK was supported by the US National Institutes of Health (award number R03AI164123). All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2025
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29. Development of treatment-decision algorithms for children evaluated for pulmonary tuberculosis: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Author

Gunasekera KS, Marcy O, Muñoz J, Lopez-Varela E, Sekadde MP, Franke MF, Bonnet M, Ahmed S, Amanullah F, Anwar A, Augusto O, Aurilio RB, Banu S, Batool I, Brands A, Cain KP, Carratalá-Castro L, Caws M, Click ES, Cranmer LM, García-Basteiro AL, Hesseling AC, Huynh J, Kabir S, Lecca L, Mandalakas A, Mavhunga F, Myint AA, Myo K, Nampijja D, Nicol MP, Orikiriza P, Palmer M, Sant'Anna CC, Siddiqui SA, Smith JP, Song R, Thuong Thuong NT, Ung V, van der Zalm MM, Verkuijl S, Viney K, Walters EG, Warren JL, Zar HJ, Marais BJ, Graham SM, Debray TPA, Cohen T, and Seddon JA

Subjects
United States, Adolescent, Humans, Child, Retrospective Studies, Triage, Algorithms, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary drug therapy, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary epidemiology, Tuberculosis
Abstract

Background: Many children with pulmonary tuberculosis remain undiagnosed and untreated with related high morbidity and mortality. Recent advances in childhood tuberculosis algorithm development have incorporated prediction modelling, but studies so far have been small and localised, with limited generalisability. We aimed to evaluate the performance of currently used diagnostic algorithms and to use prediction modelling to develop evidence-based algorithms to assist in tuberculosis treatment decision making for children presenting to primary health-care centres., Methods: For this meta-analysis, we identified individual participant data from a WHO public call for data on the management of tuberculosis in children and adolescents and referral from childhood tuberculosis experts. We included studies that prospectively recruited consecutive participants younger than 10 years attending health-care centres in countries with a high tuberculosis incidence for clinical evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis. We collated individual participant data including clinical, bacteriological, and radiological information and a standardised reference classification of pulmonary tuberculosis. Using this dataset, we first retrospectively evaluated the performance of several existing treatment-decision algorithms. We then used the data to develop two multivariable prediction models that included features used in clinical evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis-one with chest x-ray features and one without-and we investigated each model's generalisability using internal-external cross-validation. The parameter coefficient estimates of the two models were scaled into two scoring systems to classify tuberculosis with a prespecified sensitivity target. The two scoring systems were used to develop two pragmatic, treatment-decision algorithms for use in primary health-care settings., Findings: Of 4718 children from 13 studies from 12 countries, 1811 (38·4%) were classified as having pulmonary tuberculosis: 541 (29·9%) bacteriologically confirmed and 1270 (70·1%) unconfirmed. Existing treatment-decision algorithms had highly variable diagnostic performance. The scoring system derived from the prediction model that included clinical features and features from chest x-ray had a combined sensitivity of 0·86 [95% CI 0·68-0·94] and specificity of 0·37 [0·15-0·66] against a composite reference standard. The scoring system derived from the model that included only clinical features had a combined sensitivity of 0·84 [95% CI 0·66-0·93] and specificity of 0·30 [0·13-0·56] against a composite reference standard. The scoring system from each model was placed after triage steps, including assessment of illness acuity and risk of poor tuberculosis-related outcomes, to develop treatment-decision algorithms., Interpretation: We adopted an evidence-based approach to develop pragmatic algorithms to guide tuberculosis treatment decisions in children, irrespective of the resources locally available. This approach will empower health workers in primary health-care settings with high tuberculosis incidence and limited resources to initiate tuberculosis treatment in children to improve access to care and reduce tuberculosis-related mortality. These algorithms have been included in the operational handbook accompanying the latest WHO guidelines on the management of tuberculosis in children and adolescents. Future prospective evaluation of algorithms, including those developed in this work, is necessary to investigate clinical performance., Funding: WHO, US National Institutes of Health., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (© 2023 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is an Open Access article published under the CC BY 3.0 IGO license which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In any use of this article, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organisation, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article's original URL.)

Published
2023
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30. European guidance on drug-resistant tuberculosis in children and adolescents.

Author

Gröschel MI, Seddon JA, Prabowo SA, Migliori GB, Graham SM, van den Boom M, and Dara M

Subjects
Adolescent, Antitubercular Agents therapeutic use, Child, Europe, Humans, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant epidemiology, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant prevention & control, World Health Organization, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant drug therapy
Published
2020
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