1. The MAgnet Design Explorer algorithm (MADE) for LTS, Hybrid or HTS toroidal and poloidal systems of a tokamak with a view to DEMO
- Author
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Lorenzo Giannini, Luigi Muzzi, Alfredo Portone, Gherardo Romanelli, Daniela P. Boso, Lorenzo Zoboli, Xabier Sarasola, Chiarasole Fiamozzi Zignani, Cesar Luongo, Valentina Corato, Jose Lorenzo Gomez, Christian Bachmann, and Antonio della Corte
- Subjects
Superconductivity ,Fusion magnets ,HTS ,LTS ,Tokamak design ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
The European Roadmap to Fusion Electricity (Federici et al., 2018) [1] details the path to complete within the next three decades the DEMOnstration power plant, DEMO, aiming to a net gain of Energy Q=40. The 2018 DEMO baseline considers a 2 GW tokamak device, a target performance of 6 T on the plasma, with a major radius of 9 m. Considering the plasma aspect ratio and elongation, and the radial build of the thermal shield, the outer radius of the TFC inner leg is about 4.3 m. In the current designs, the TFC winding pack operates in a range of B = 12-13 T and is based on low temperature superconductors (LTS). As an alternative, High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) could be employed to extend the coil operation beyond the typical J/T/B range of Nb3Sn. The rationale behind the exploration of a fully HTS or Hybrid HTS/LTS design of the TFC Winding Pack (WP) is twofold: on the one hand, it is possible to maintain the target performance of the machine redesigning the radial build of each magnet as a function of a more efficient cable in terms of critical current density; on the other hand, it is possible to keep the machine power constant, increasing the field on the plasma axis, and consequently define a new radial build. This work presents and describes a combined algorithm implemented to enhance the DEMO magnet systems and optimize the DTT central solenoid, capable of accounting for the main electromagnetic and structural constraints, and consistently reshape the machine.
- Published
- 2023