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We report a one-pot formation of 2,4-diolefinic or 2,4,6-triolefinic monocarboxylic acids, R-(CH[bond, double bond]CH) 2or3 -COOH, by decarboxylative condensation of an optionally α,β-unsaturated aldehyde with glutaconic acid, HOOC-CH 2 -CH[bond, double bond]CH-COOH as straight chain C4-extender. The reaction is broadly applicable to saturated and unsaturated aldehydes and opens up a simple gateway to valuable organic products and reactive intermediates., (© 2017 The Authors.)