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11 results on '"Warren-Gash, Charlotte"'

2. Ethnic differences in the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical monitoring and hospitalisations for non-COVID conditions in England: a population-based, observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform

Author

Chaturvedi, Nishi, Park, Chloe, Carnemolla, Alisia, Williams, Dylan, Knueppel, Anika, Boyd, Andy, Turner, Emma L., Evans, Katharine M., Thomas, Richard, Berman, Samantha, McLachlan, Stela, Crane, Matthew, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Oakley, Jacqui, Foster, Diane, Woodward, Hannah, Campbell, Kirsteen C., Timpson, Nicholas, Kwong, Alex, Soares, Ana Goncalves, Griffith, Gareth, Toms, Renin, Jones, Louise, Annie, Herbert, Mitchell, Ruth, Palmer, Tom, Sterne, Jonathan, Walker, Venexia, Huntley, Lizzie, Fox, Laura, Denholm, Rachel, Knight, Rochelle, Northstone, Kate, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Horne, Elsie, Forbes, Harriet, North, Teri, Taylor, Kurt, Arab, Marwa A.L., Walker, Scott, Coronado, Jose I.C., Karthikeyan, Arun S., Ploubidis, George, Moltrecht, Bettina, Booth, Charlotte, Parsons, Sam, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Steves, Claire, Thompson, Ellen, Garcia, Paz, Cheetham, Nathan, Bowyer, Ruth, Freydin, Maxim, Roberts, Amy, Goldacre, Ben, Walker, Alex, Morley, Jess, Hulme, William, Nab, Linda, Fisher, Louis, MacKenna, Brian, Andrews, Colm, Curtis, Helen, Hopcroft, Lisa, Green, Amelia, Patalay, Praveetha, Maddock, Jane, Patel, Kishan, Stafford, Jean, Jacques, Wels, Tilling, Kate, Macleod, John, McElroy, Eoin, Shah, Anoop, Silverwood, Richard, Denaxas, Spiros, Flaig, Robin, McCartney, Daniel, Campbell, Archie, Tomlinson, Laurie, Tazare, John, Zheng, Bang, Smeeth, Liam, Herrett, Emily, Cowling, Thomas, Mansfield, Kate, Costello, Ruth E., Wang, Kevin, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Douglas, Ian, Langan, Sinead, Brophy, Sinead, Parker, Michael, Kennedy, Jonathan, McEachan, Rosie, Wright, John, Willan, Kathryn, Badrick, Ellena, Santorelli, Gillian, Yang, Tiffany, Hou, Bo, Steptoe, Andrew, Giorgio, Di Gessa, Zhu, Jingmin, Zaninotto, Paola, Wood, Angela, Cezard, Genevieve, Ip, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Sampri, Alexia, Rafeti, Elena, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Sheikh, Aziz, Shah, Syed A., Katikireddi, Vittal, Shaw, Richard, Hamilton, Olivia, Green, Michael, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kopasker, Daniel, Greaves, Felix, Willans, Robert, Glen, Fiona, Sharp, Steve, Hughes, Alun, Wong, Andrew, Howes, Lee Hamill, Rapala, Alicja, Nigrelli, Lidia, McArdle, Fintan, Beckford, Chelsea, Raman, Betty, Dobson, Richard, Folarin, Amos, Stewart, Callum, Ranjan, Yatharth, Carpentieri, Jd, Sheard, Laura, Fang, Chao, Baz, Sarah, Gibson, Andy, Kellas, John, Neubauer, Stefan, Piechnik, Stefan, Lukaschuk, Elena, Saunders, Laura C., Wild, James M., Smith, Stephen, Jezzard, Peter, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Finnigan, Lucy, Ferreira, Vanessa, Green, Mark, Rhead, Rebecca, Kibble, Milla, Wei, Yinghui, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Teece, Lucy, Parker, Edward, Walker, Alex J., Inglesby, Peter, Curtis, Helen J., Morton, Caroline E., Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Hickman, George, Croker, Richard, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, DeVito, Nicholas J., Green, Amelia C.A., Massey, Jon, Smith, Rebecca M., Hulme, William J., Davy, Simon, Andrews, Colm D., Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Park, Robin Y., Higgins, Rose, Cunningham, Christine, Wiedemann, Milan, Maude, Steven, Macdonald, Orla, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., O'Dwyer, Thomas, Stables, Catherine L., Wood, Christopher, Brown, Andrew D., Speed, Victoria, Bridges, Lucy, Schaffer, Andrea L., Walters, Caroline E., Rentsch, Christopher T., Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Schultze, Anna, Williamson, Elizabeth J., McDonald, Helen I., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Mathur, Rohini, Eggo, Rosalind M., Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel Y.S., Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel J., Mansfield, Kathryn E., Douglas, Ian J., Evans, Stephen J.W., Walker, Jemma L., Cowling, Thomas E., Herrett, Emily L., Parker, Edward P.K., Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Nicholson, Brian, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan AC., Quint, Jennifer, Henderson, Alasdair D., Carreira, Helena, Bidulka, Patrick, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, Hayes, Joseph F., Quint, Jennifer K., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Langan, Sinéad M.

Published
2023
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3. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in primary and secondary school students and staff in England in the 2020/2021 school year: a longitudinal study

Author

Nguipdop-Djomo, Patrick, Oswald, William E, Halliday, Katherine E, Cook, Sarah, Sturgess, Joanna, Sundaram, Neisha, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, Fine, Paul EM, Glynn, Judith, Allen, Elizabeth, Clark, Taane G., Ford, Benjamin, Judd, Alison, Ireland, Georgina, Poh, John, Bonell, Chris, Dawe, Fiona, Rourke, Emma, Diamond, Ian, Ladhani, Shamez N, Langan, Sinéad M, Hargreaves, James, and Mangtani, Punam

Published
2023
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6. Indirect acute effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health in the UK: a population-based study

Author

Mansfield, Kathryn E, Mathur, Rohini, Tazare, John, Henderson, Alasdair D, Mulick, Amy R, Carreira, Helena, Matthews, Anthony A, Bidulka, Patrick, Gayle, Alicia, Forbes, Harriet, Cook, Sarah, Wong, Angel Y S, Strongman, Helen, Wing, Kevin, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, Cadogan, Sharon L, Smeeth, Liam, Hayes, Joseph F, Quint, Jennifer K, McKee, Martin, and Langan, Sinéad M

Published
2021
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7. Global, regional, and national estimates of the population at increased risk of severe COVID-19 due to underlying health conditions in 2020: a modelling study

Author

Nightingale, Emily S, O'Reilly, Kathleen, Jombart, Thibaut, Edmunds, W John, Rosello, Alicia, Sun, Fiona Yueqian, Atkins, Katherine E, Bosse, Nikos I, Clifford, Samuel, Russell, Timothy W, Deol, Arminder K, Liu, Yang, Procter, Simon R, Leclerc, Quentin J, Medley, Graham, Knight, Gwen, Munday, James D, Kucharski, Adam J, Pearson, Carl A B, Klepac, Petra, Prem, Kiesha, Houben, Rein M G J, Endo, Akira, Flasche, Stefan, Davies, Nicholas G, Diamond, Charlie, van Zandvoort, Kevin, Funk, Sebastian, Auzenbergs, Megan, Rees, Eleanor M, Tully, Damien C, Emery, Jon C, Quilty, Billy J, Abbott, Sam, Villabona-Arenas, Ch Julian, Hué, Stéphane, Hellewell, Joel, Gimma, Amy, Jarvis, Christopher I, Clark, Andrew, Jit, Mark, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, Guthrie, Bruce, Wang, Harry H X, Mercer, Stewart W, Sanderson, Colin, McKee, Martin, Troeger, Christopher, Ong, Kanyin L, Checchi, Francesco, Perel, Pablo, Joseph, Sarah, Gibbs, Hamish P, Banerjee, Amitava, and Eggo, Rosalind M

Published
2020
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10. Assessment of common infections and incident dementia using UK primary and secondary care data: a historical cohort study.

Author

Muzambi R, Bhaskaran K, Smeeth L, Brayne C, Chaturvedi N, and Warren-Gash C

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Secondary Care, United Kingdom, Diabetes Mellitus, Pneumonia, Sepsis
Abstract

Background: Common infections have been associated with dementia risk; however, evidence is scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between common infections and dementia in adults (≥65 years) in a UK population-based cohort study., Methods: We did a historical cohort study of individuals who were 65 years and older with no history of dementia or cognitive impairment using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to Hospital Episode Statistics between Jan 1, 2004, and Dec 31, 2018. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the association between time-updated previous common infections (sepsis, pneumonia, other lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections) and incident dementia diagnosis. We also tested for effect modification by diabetes since it is an independent risk factor for dementia and co-occurs with infection., Findings: Between Jan 1, 2004, and Dec 31, 2018, our study included 989 800 individuals (median age 68·6 years [IQR 65·0-77·0]; 537 602 [54·3%] women) of whom 402 204 (40·6%) were diagnosed with at least one infection and 56 802 (5·7%) had incident dementia during a median follow-up of 5·2 years (IQR 2·3-9·0). Dementia risk increased in those with any infection (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1·53 [95% CI 1·50-1·55]) compared with those without infection. HRs were highest for sepsis (HR 2·08 [1·89-2·29]) and pneumonia (HR 1·88 [1·77-1·99]) and for infections leading to hospital admission (1·99 [1·94-2·04]). HRs were also higher in individuals with diabetes compared with those without diabetes., Interpretation: Common infections, particularly those resulting in hospitalisation, were associated with an increased risk of dementia persisting over the long term. Whether reducing infections lowers the risk of subsequent dementia warrants evaluation., Funding: Alzheimer's Society, Wellcome Trust, and the Royal Society., Competing Interests: We declare no competing interests., (© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.)

Published
2021
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11. Global, regional, and national estimates of the population at increased risk of severe COVID-19 due to underlying health conditions in 2020: a modelling study.

Author

Clark A, Jit M, Warren-Gash C, Guthrie B, Wang HHX, Mercer SW, Sanderson C, McKee M, Troeger C, Ong KL, Checchi F, Perel P, Joseph S, Gibbs HP, Banerjee A, and Eggo RM

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Pandemics, Risk Assessment, United Kingdom epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Chronic Disease epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Global Health statistics & numerical data, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, Severity of Illness Index
Abstract

Background: The risk of severe COVID-19 if an individual becomes infected is known to be higher in older individuals and those with underlying health conditions. Understanding the number of individuals at increased risk of severe COVID-19 and how this varies between countries should inform the design of possible strategies to shield or vaccinate those at highest risk., Methods: We estimated the number of individuals at increased risk of severe disease (defined as those with at least one condition listed as "at increased risk of severe COVID-19" in current guidelines) by age (5-year age groups), sex, and country for 188 countries using prevalence data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 and UN population estimates for 2020. The list of underlying conditions relevant to COVID-19 was determined by mapping the conditions listed in GBD 2017 to those listed in guidelines published by WHO and public health agencies in the UK and the USA. We analysed data from two large multimorbidity studies to determine appropriate adjustment factors for clustering and multimorbidity. To help interpretation of the degree of risk among those at increased risk, we also estimated the number of individuals at high risk (defined as those that would require hospital admission if infected) using age-specific infection-hospitalisation ratios for COVID-19 estimated for mainland China and making adjustments to reflect country-specific differences in the prevalence of underlying conditions and frailty. We assumed males were twice at likely as females to be at high risk. We also calculated the number of individuals without an underlying condition that could be considered at increased risk because of their age, using minimum ages from 50 to 70 years. We generated uncertainty intervals (UIs) for our estimates by running low and high scenarios using the lower and upper 95% confidence limits for country population size, disease prevalences, multimorbidity fractions, and infection-hospitalisation ratios, and plausible low and high estimates for the degree of clustering, informed by multimorbidity studies., Findings: We estimated that 1·7 billion (UI 1·0-2·4) people, comprising 22% (UI 15-28) of the global population, have at least one underlying condition that puts them at increased risk of severe COVID-19 if infected (ranging from <5% of those younger than 20 years to >66% of those aged 70 years or older). We estimated that 349 million (186-787) people (4% [3-9] of the global population) are at high risk of severe COVID-19 and would require hospital admission if infected (ranging from <1% of those younger than 20 years to approximately 20% of those aged 70 years or older). We estimated 6% (3-12) of males to be at high risk compared with 3% (2-7) of females. The share of the population at increased risk was highest in countries with older populations, African countries with high HIV/AIDS prevalence, and small island nations with high diabetes prevalence. Estimates of the number of individuals at increased risk were most sensitive to the prevalence of chronic kidney disease, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic respiratory disease., Interpretation: About one in five individuals worldwide could be at increased risk of severe COVID-19, should they become infected, due to underlying health conditions, but this risk varies considerably by age. Our estimates are uncertain, and focus on underlying conditions rather than other risk factors such as ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation, and obesity, but provide a starting point for considering the number of individuals that might need to be shielded or vaccinated as the global pandemic unfolds., Funding: UK Department for International Development, Wellcome Trust, Health Data Research UK, Medical Research Council, and National Institute for Health Research., (Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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