1. Long term impact of sulfur mustard exposure on peripheral blood mononuclear subpopulations--Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study (SICS).
- Author
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Ghazanfari T, Kariminia A, Yaraee R, Faghihzadeh S, Ardestani SK, Ebtekar M, Mostafaie A, Foroutan A, Rezaei A, Shams J, Mahmoudi M, Vaez-Mahdavi MR, Soroush MR, Jalali-Nadoushan M, Moaiedmohseni S, Ajdary S, Darabi H, Naghizadeh MM, Kazemi H, and Hassan ZM
- Subjects
- Cohort Studies, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Humans, Iran epidemiology, Leukocyte Count, Lung Diseases chemically induced, Lung Diseases epidemiology, Male, Chemical Warfare Agents toxicity, Leukocytes, Mononuclear drug effects, Lung Diseases blood, Lymphocyte Subsets drug effects, Mustard Gas toxicity
- Abstract
The most important long-term morbidity problem of sulfur mustard (SM) toxicity is pulmonary complications but the pathogenesis of these complications is not clearly understood. This study evaluates the peripheral blood mononuclear sub-sets and their correlation with pulmonary function in SM exposed civilian cases 20 years post-exposure as gathered in the context of the Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study (SICS). Samples were randomly selected from two groups, SM-exposed (n=372) and control (n=128), with the same ethnicity, culture, and demography. Three color flow cytometry was applied for peripheral blood mononuclear sub-population determination. Results indicated a significant decrease in CD45+/CD3+, CD45+/CD3+/CD4+, and an increase in CD3+/CD16+56+ percentages. It was also found that absolute count of NK cells was highly increased in peripheral blood of exposed cases. There was a significant increase in NK cell count of SM exposed group with pulmonary problems as compared to the same group without pulmonary problems (p-value<0.04) based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). The findings showed a significant negative correlation between absolute numbers of T lymphocyte and FVC % and positive correlation with FEV1/FVC%. The results also demonstrated that absolute numbers of monocytes had a negative correlation with FVC %. We propose that NK and T cells are probably involved in the pathogenesis or immune reactions to the delayed pulmonary complications induced by SM. This hypothesis should be tested in a more severe pulmonary complicated group., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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