1. Food dyes as P-glycoprotein modulators.
- Author
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Staples JW, Stine JM, Mäki-Lohiluoma E, Steed E, George KM, Thompson CM, and Woodahl EL
- Subjects
- Adenosine Triphosphatases metabolism, Biological Transport, Drug Interactions, Food Coloring Agents chemistry, Food-Drug Interactions, Humans, Verapamil pharmacology, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 agonists, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 antagonists & inhibitors, Food Coloring Agents pharmacology
- Abstract
The drug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is often investigated in drug-interaction studies because the activity is modulated by a wide variety of xenobiotics including drugs, herbal products, and food components. In this study, we tested six common arylsulfonate food dyes-allura red, carmoisine, ponceau 4R, quinolone yellow, sunset yellow, and tartrazine-as activators and inhibitors of P-gp activity in vitro. The dyes were studied as P-gp activators by measuring ATPase activity in P-gp-expressing membranes. Compared to verapamil, a known activator of P-gp, the six food dyes showed no stimulatory activity. The potential for these six food dyes to act as P-gp inhibitors was tested in an intracellular efflux assay with P-gp-expressing cells. Compared to GF120918, a known P-gp inhibitor, there was no inhibitory activity for these six food dyes. The six food dyes tested do not interact with P-gp in vitro and, therefore, are unlikely cause clinical drug-food dye interactions. Further investigation is necessary to determine whether these food dyes could interact with other drug transporters., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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