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Immigration is a topic of social and political concern across the globe and usually it has positive economic effects on native populations in a country. Immigration leads to multicultural and ethnically diverse society towards. UK is considered as one of the leading economy with transnationalism where the immigrants forge and sustain multi-standard social relations (Gardner, 2002, p. 191). Historically, immigrants from South Asia have been settling in Britain for many hundreds of years (Visram, 1986). Among the immigrants of British subcontinent, Bangladeshis became famous as cook in British Ships (also known as Lascars) travelling around the world. Many of the current British Bangladeshis are third or even fourth generation of those Cooks or Lascars. Although the majority of the Lascars worked in the ships travelling abroad, some of them took the ships to London and started working as peddlers or restaurants (Gardner, 2002, p. 192).Overtime, they settled in the UK and became part of this comprehensive multicultural society. However, the path to this inclusive society is often confronted by racial discrimination and violence, as experienced by British Bangladeshi community in UK Considering the ratio of Bangladeshi immigrants in UK from Sylhet and to reflect on the very own views of community, this chapter have used the terms Bangladeshi, Bengali and Sylheti interchangeably as suggested by Thapan (2005, p. 127). Brick Lane and its surrounding neighbourhoods in London are considered as Little Bangladesh in UK due to predominant Bangladeshi settlement in the area. Some of the ancestors of British Bangladeshis travelled to UK during British colonial period in undivided Indian subcontinent and eventually became settled in the country.

Purpose The analysis critically examines overconfidence in numeracy among higher education (HE) graduates and its impact on their employability. The paper discusses the extent to which graduates, due to higher qualifications, overstate their numerical abilities. Design/methodology/approach The paper is a review of the academic literature examining the theoretical significance of overconfidence in higher education. The review subsequently draws on practice and policy reports that evidence graduates’ overconfidence in numeracy and basic skills. Findings The article shows a significant interaction between the level of qualification and overstatement of numerical abilities. The analysis found that graduates do not always have an important basic skill such as numeracy whose impact on work performance is significant. Practical /implications The findings are momentous for rethinking higher education curricula, employee development in organisations and government skills strategy. The article advocates more inclusive and interpretive research for a greater understanding of the issues and offer useful data to policymakers and higher education institutions in preparing graduates for work and decision-making. Further research in the field is required to enable the formulation of more authoritative conclusions. Originality/value A critical contribution of this reflection is to have linked the evidence from the academic literature with employer surveys about graduate basic skills to draw the attention to a vital issue affecting national and organisational productivity, thus, substantiating anecdotal evidence about graduate overconfidence. This reinforces the value of systematic literature review in research as it provides an opportunity for more informed policy formulation as well as extending the body of research.

Migration Practice as Creative Practice: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of Migration presents an in-depth evaluation of the contributions made by migrants to modern socio-economic structures. Leading with discussion of the historical construction of migration and what it signifies in the modern globalised economies, an interdisciplinary range of contributors examine the interaction of migrants with new cultures, as well as migrants’ acculturation into the new environments and what that signifies for community relations. The book also discusses the creative energies that migrant inject in the economic structures in both private and public spheres. Migration Practice as Creative Practice shows particular interest to how migrants use their social lives, lived experiences, and the process of identity formation, as well as their histories and families to inject positive ‘newness’ into host cultural and economic architectures. It calls for more creative ways of researching migrant movements and lived experiences, and brings to life the different ways of approaching migrant research for scholars today.

This article examines the migrant dilemma about operating extensively in migrant enclaves versus integration in host communities. The article is a critical literature review contrasting views and perspectives of the role of migrant enclaves in migrant integration and contribution in new societies. Research in the area of ethnic enclaves has been polarised: on the one hand the optimists argue the critical benefits of migrant and ethnic community networks, thus downplaying potential drawbacks of such networks and the disadvantage externally imposed on migrants; on the other hand, the pessimists overemphasise the disadvantages of ethnic enclaves, portraying them as ghettos of alienation. Based on the Social Solidarity Integration model and Immigrant-host and social interaction theory, the article posits that migrant community networks could intentionally or unintentionally engender cultural alienation, worsening an already precarious educational, cultural and economic exclusion. Thus, migrants could remain in lower societal roles and experience limited upward social mobility if they operate exclusively within migrant and ethnic networks. However ethnic enclaves, at the same time, offer the initial psychological nurturing on which future successful socialisation work with migrant communities can be build. From a research angle, the theorisation of migrant enclave requires a new approach, which identifies dynamism and contextualisation as central to the debate. From a policy perspective, the research suggests the rethinking of the role of community support systems (and the wider enclave debate). The organisational implications the research suggests a shift of the organisational paradigm in the way migrant organisations manage themselves and support members in the enclave. This article’s contribution is to take a duality approach to studying the ethnic enclave and posits that this will engender effective social policy that helps reduce economic inequality.

This chapter explores the multifaceted trajectories of migrant women and their experiences of becoming entrepreneurs in non-metropolitan areas in the UK. In doing so, it makes an important contribution to knowledge on how peripheral contexts and personal circumstances shape, inhibit and enable the entrepreneurial identities of migrants and their life decisions, in particular migrant women. The chapter argues that for migrant women, entrepreneurship provides a path to not only challenge the deeply engrained barriers they experience in labour markets, but also a way to (re)connect with the self, family and community and find meaning in work.